Pollen Tube Elongation and Fruit Set of Asian Pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) upon Mechanical Damage on the Style

동양배 암술의 기계적 손상에 따른 화분관 신장과 착과

  • Kang, Sam-Seok (Pear Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Kim, Yoon-Kyeong (Pear Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Choi, Jang-Jeon (Pear Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Cho, Kwang-Sik (Pear Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Hwang, Hae-Sung (Pear Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Jeong, Sang-Bouk (Pear Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Lee, Hee-Jae (Department of Plant Science, Seoul National University)
  • 강삼석 (국립원예특작과학원 배시험장) ;
  • 김윤경 (국립원예특작과학원 배시험장) ;
  • 조광식 (국립원예특작과학원 배시험장) ;
  • 최장전 (국립원예특작과학원 배시험장) ;
  • 황해성 (국립원예특작과학원 배시험장) ;
  • 정상복 (국립원예특작과학원 배시험장) ;
  • 이희재 (서울대학교 식물생산과학부)
  • Received : 2010.08.09
  • Accepted : 2010.09.30
  • Published : 2010.12.31

Abstract

In the present study, pollen tube growth and fruit set in Asian pear ($Pyrus$ $pyrifolia$) were examined upon the mechanical damage on the stigma and style following the artificial pollination. When the upper middle part of style was cut off at 48 h after the artificial pollination, pollen tube grew to the middle of the style and the subsequent pollen tube elongation and fruit set normally occurred. When the style was cut off before the pollen tube reached the middle of the style, however, no pollen tube elongation and fruit set occurred. With the pollen tube elongation through the style, callose plugs at the basal part of the pollen tube were formed to the direction of the elongation at regular intervals. When the upper part of pollen tube attached pollen grain was cut off, however, callose plugs were formed defectively in the pollen tube, and the pollen tube opened and lost their turgor pressure. These facts might be the reason for the ceased or delayed pollen tube elongation and ultimately the failure of the fertilization.

본 연구는 인공 수분 후 화분관이 신장중인 암술대의 암술머리 또는 암술대 상부가 기계적인 장해를 받은 경우 암술대 내부에서의 화분관 신장과 착과가 어떻게 영향을 받는지 알아보기 위해 수행하였다. 화분관이 신장중인 암술대의 암술머리 부위에 장해를 받은 경우, 암술대 내부에서 화분관이 암술대의 중간 부위 이상으로 신장한 상태에 있는 인공 수분 48시간 후에 암술대의 상단 부위를 절단한 처리에서는 화분관이 정상적으로 신장하고, 착과율도 비교적 높게 나타났으나, 화분관 신장이 중간 부위까지 신장하지 않은 경우에 암술대가 제거된 처리에서는 착과가 거의 이루어지지 않았다. 이는 화분관이 신장함에 따라 화분관 기부 근처에 형성되어 화분관 진행 방향으로 일정 간격을 두고 형성되는 캘로즈 마개가 불완전하게 형성되었기 때문에 상단부 절단으로 화분관이 개방되고, 화분관 신장에 필요한 팽압의 유지가 곤란하여 화분관 신장이 지연되거나 정지되어 수정에 이르지 못한 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Bae, K.S. and T.C. Kim. 2002. Effect of the number of pollinated styles on the pollen tube growth and fertilization in 'Niitaka' pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai). J. Kor. Soc. Hort. Sci. 43:613-616.
  2. Iwanami, Y. 1959. Physiological studies of pollen. J. Yokohama City Univ. 116:1-137
  3. Iwanami, Y. and Y. Yamada. 1984. Illustration of pollen-using photograph of scanning electron microscope. Koudanshah, Japan.
  4. Kang, S.S. 2000. Relationship between seed formation and fruit set and development in the oriental pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai). MS Thesis, Seoul Natl. Univ., Seoul, Korea.
  5. Kang, S.S., K.S. Cho, D.S. Son, H.M. Cho, and H.J. Lee. 2003. Effect of style removal on fruit set and seed formation in oriental pear (Pyrus pyrifolia). J. Kor. Soc. Hort. Sci. 44:220-222.
  6. Kho, Y.O. and J. Baer. 1968. Observing pollen tubes by means of fluorescence. Euphytica 17:298-302.
  7. Mogami, N., M. Miyamoto, M. Onozuka, and N. Nakamura. 2006. Comparison of callose plug structure between dicotyledon and monocotyledon pollen germinated in vitro. Grana 45:249-256. https://doi.org/10.1080/00173130600726687
  8. Noubungkyou. 1993. An outline of agricultural technique: The pomology part (pear). Corporation of Agricultural-, Mountain-, Sea-village Cult. Soc. 3:19-25.
  9. Sheffield, C.S., R.F. Smith, and P.G. Kevan. 2005. Perfect syncarpy in apple (Malus ${\times}$ domestica 'Summerland McIntosh') and its implications for pollination, seed distribution, and fruit production (Rosaceae: Maloideae). Ann. Bot. 95:583-591. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mci058
  10. Yamashita, K., H. Saita, and N. Hashimoto. 1990. Pollen-stigma interaction which might be critical to the gametophytic incompatibility of Japanese pear. J. Jpn. Soc. Hort. Sci. 59:83-89. https://doi.org/10.2503/jjshs.59.83
  11. Yun, M.S. 1994. Fundamental studies for breeding of Chinese jujube (Zizyphus jujuba Mill.) by artificial hybridization. PhD Diss., Chonnam Natl. Univ., Gwangju, Korea.
  12. Willaims, E.G., R.B. Knox, and J.L. Rouse, 1982. Pollination sub-systems distinguished from pollen tube arrest after in compatible interspecific crosses in rhododendron (Ericaceae). J. Cell Sci. 53:255-270.