Horticultural Science & Technology (원예과학기술지)

Korean Society of Horticultural Science (한국원예학회)
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Evaluation of Early Productivity of High Density 'Fuji' Apple Orchards by Planting Well-feathered Trees/M.9 EMLA

'후지' 사과의 우량 측지묘/M.9 EMLA를 이용한 밀식재배원의 조기 생산성 평가

  • Yang, Sang-Jin (Apple Experiment Station, National Institute of Horticulture & Herbal Science) ;
  • Park, Moo-Yong (Apple Experiment Station, National Institute of Horticulture & Herbal Science) ;
  • Song, Yang-Yik (Apple Experiment Station, National Institute of Horticulture & Herbal Science) ;
  • SaGong, Dong-Hoon (Apple Experiment Station, National Institute of Horticulture & Herbal Science) ;
  • Yoon, Tae-Myung (Department of Horticulture, Kyungpook National University)
  • 양상진 (국립원예특작과학원 사과시험장) ;
  • 박무용 (국립원예특작과학원 사과시험장) ;
  • 송양익 (국립원예특작과학원 사과시험장) ;
  • 사공동훈 (국립원예특작과학원 사과시험장) ;
  • 윤태명 (경북대학교 농업생명과학대학 원예학과)
  • Received : 2009.08.14
  • Accepted : 2010.01.26
  • Published : 2010.06.30
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Abstract

Well-feathered (5.2 feathers, stem diameter 13 mm) trees of 'Fuji' apple/ M.9 EMLA were planted at $4.0{\tiems}1.5$ m and whip trees (stem diameter 10 mm) of 'Fuji'/M.26 at $4.0{\times}2.0$ m were trained to the slender spindle. The productivity and yield efficiency of two orchard systems were compared for 6 years. The canopy volume of the tree/M.9 EMLA reached $2.07m^3$ in 2nd year and increased slowly to almost the targeted tree volume of $2.9m^3$ in 4th year. Trees/M.26 grew slowly at the begin but from 3rd year the tree volume expanded quickly to reach $5.6m^3$ in 5th year, covering over the allowed space. Yield of M.9 EMLA per 10a increased from 0.3 ton in 2nd year to 4.6 ton in 5th year, and 5.0 ton in 6th year, but yield of M.26 per 10a increased from 0.5 ton in 3rd to 2.9 ton in 6th year. Cumulative yield per 10a up to 6th year was 13.9 ton for M.9 EMLA but only 9.8 ton for M.26. Fruit weight for M.9 EMLA was heavier than that for M.26. In conclusion, the high density planting system with well-feathered trees/M.9 EMLA was better than the conventional wide planting system with whip trees/M.26.

'후지'/M.26 회초리묘(직경 10mm)는 $4.0{\times}2.0$m, '후지'/M.9 EMLA 우량 측지묘(측지 수 5.2, 직경 13mm)는 $4.0{\tiems}1.5$m로 심어 세장방추형으로 키우면서 재식 6년 차까지의 생산성 및 수량효율을 비교하였다. M.9 EMLA 우량 측지묘 재식의 경우 재식 2년차에 이미 주당 수관용적이 $2.07m^3$에 달하였고 4년차에 $2.9m^3$의 성목 수관에 도달하였으나 M.26 회초리묘목 재식의 경우 초기 1-2년은 생육속도가 느리다가 3년차부터 수관용적이 빠르게 증가하여 5년차에야 주어진 공간을 채우는 수관용적 $5.6m^3$에 도달하였다. 10a당 수량에 있어 M.9 EMLA는 재식 2년차에 0.3톤의 사과 수확을 시작으로 5년차 4.6톤으로 성과기에 도달하였으나, M.26의 경우 3년차에 처음으로 0.5톤의 사과를 수확하기 시작하여 6년차에도 수확량이 3.8톤에 그쳤다. 재식 6년차까지의 누적생산량은 M.9 EMLA 측지묘목 재식은 13.9톤인 반면에 M.26 회초리 묘목 재식은 9.8톤에 불과하였다. 6년간 평균과중은 M.9 EMLA 308g으로 M.26의 295g에 비해 무거웠다. 결론적으로 M.9 EMLA와 같은 왜화도가 높은 대목을 이용하고 우량 측지묘를 심어 고밀식으로 재배하는 것이 M.26 대목의 회초리 묘목을 넓게 심어 재배하는 관행재배보다 2년차부터 수확이 가능하여 5년차에는 성과기에 도달하는 조기 다수확이 실현되고, 수량효율성도 높아 우월한 재배체계로 판단되었다.

Keywords

References

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