Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the control effects of the environmental-friendly materials against major diseases of pear and to elucidate factors related to spore disperse of pear scab and pear rust. Spore disperse was deeply related ambient temperature in the early stage of disease occurrence and the maximum spore disperse was affected greatly by the air humidity, Percent of infected leaves of pear scab in plot treated with Trichoderma harzianum-YC459 was 29.3% and 43.3% in plot treated with Sulfur-80%. Two formulations above-mentioned were less effective to control pear scab than the chemical pesticide, hexaconazole. Control effect in plots single- and mixed-treated with Trichoderma harzianum-YC459, Sulfur-80% and hexaconazole against pear scab were compared with that in plot treated with chemicals by conventional application schedule in pear orchard. The incidence of pear scab was lower in plot treated with the environmental-friendly materials than that of untreated plot. However there was no significant difference among the treatments at the 5% level. Application of Sulfur-80% reduced significantly the incidence of pear scab (7.8%) compared to that (10.3%) in plot treated by conventional application schedule in organically cultivated pear orchard. Alternative application of Trichoderma harzianum-YC459 and Sulfur-80% (4.3%) suppressed the incidence of pear rust than that (7.1%) in plot treated by conventional application schedule in organically cultivated pear orchard.
배 친환경재배시스템을 개발하기 위하여 배 재배에 있어서 경제적 손실이 가장 큰 검은별무늬병과 붉은별무늬병의 포자비산 요인 및 친환경 유기농자재를 이용한 방제 가능성을 검토하고자 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 배점은별무늬병원균 및 배붉별무늬병원균에 있어서 포자의 최초 비산은 온도와 관련이 깊으며, 최대비산은 습도의 영향이 큰 것으로 판단된다. 미생물제재인 Trichoderma harzianum-YC459과 황제품(80%)을 대상으로 배검은별무늬병에 대한 방제효과를 검정한 결과 발병율이 무처리 75.3%에 비해 화학농약인 hexaconazole 이 11.7%, 미생물제재가 29.3%와 황제품이 43.3%로 방제효과가 인정되었다. 관행 배 재배농가에서 농가관행 방제구와 비교하여 미생물제 및 황제품의 단독 및 교호로 추가 살포한 경우, 배검은별무늬병의 발병율은 다소 낮았으나 처리간 통계적 유의차는 나타나지 않았다. 유기배 재배농가에서 배검은별무늬병은 농가 관행방제구 10.3% 대비 황제품 추가 처리구에서는 7.8%의 발병율은 보여 유의한 방제효과를 보였으며, 배붉은별무늬병은 미생물제와 황 제품을 교호로 추가 살포한 처리구에서 4.3%의 낮은 발병율을 보여 농가 관행방제구 7.1% 대비 유의한 방제효과를 보였다.
