Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

γ-LA-Supplementation to IVC for IVP Bovine Embryos

  • Gaja, A. (The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Yamaguchi University) ;
  • Meng, C.L. (The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Yamaguchi University) ;
  • Sato, M. (Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health) ;
  • Nakajima, T. (Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.) ;
  • Kubota, Chikara (Laboratory of Theriogenology, Kagoshima University) ;
  • Kojima, T. (Laboratory of Theriogenology, Kagoshima University)
  • Received : 2008.09.02
  • Accepted : 2009.03.30
  • Published : 2010.01.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The present study aimed to examine the effects of ${\gamma}$-linolenic acid (GLA) supplementation to in vitro culture (IVC) medium on in vitro developmental competence, freezability and morphology of in vitro matured and fertilized bovine embryos. In vitro produced (IVP) bovine zygotes were cultured in IVC medium supplemented with 0 (negative control), 15, 31, 62, 125, 250, 500 or 1,000 ppm GLA, 250 ppm linoleic acid albumin (LAA) and without any supplement as a control. Day 6 blastocysts derived from culture control were cultured in IVC medium containing either 62, 250 GLA or 250 LAA for 24 h, and at Day 7 were subjected to freezing or morphological examination by electron microscope. GLA 15 showed a tendency to have a higher cleavage rate at Day 2 (70.3%) than other groups. The hatching rate at Day 9 in LAA (38.2%) was significantly higher than the control and all treatment groups (p<0.05), while the blastocyst rate in LAA (32.4%) did not differ from those of 15 (30.5%), 31 (27.1%), and 62 GLA (33.1%) or the control (35.1%). GLA in concentrations of 125, 250, 500, and 1,000 ppm had significantly detrimental effect on the blastocyst rate compared to 15, 31 and 62 ppm GLA, LAA, and control groups (p<0.05). In contrast, the highest post-thaw survival rate (100%) was observed in the control group (p<0.01). Large lipid droplets were observed in the cytoplasm of trophoblastic cells, even in the control, but were abundant in GLA groups. Taking the results of the study into consideration, the addition of GLA to the culture medium for IVP bovine embryos at the dose of 15 ppm increased the developmental competence of zygotes and enhanced the cleavage rate up to Day 2. However, blastulation rate and post-thaw survival were not increased when GLA was added to the culture media.

Keywords

References

  1. Abe, H., S. Yamashita, T. Itoh, T. Satoh and H. Hoshi. 1999. Ultrastructure of bovine embryos developed from in vitromatured and -fertilized oocytes: comparative morphological evaluation of embryos cultured either in serum-free medium or in serum-supplemented medium. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 53:325-335 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199907)53:3<325::AID-MRD8>3.0.CO;2-T
  2. Abe, H., S. Yamashita, T. Satoh and H. Hoshi. 2002. Accumulation of cytoplasmic lipid droplets in bovine embryos and cryotolerance of embryos developed in different culture systems using serum-free or serum-containing media. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 61:57-66 https://doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1131
  3. Brackett, B. G. and K. A. Zuelke. 1993. Analysis of factors involved in the in vitro production of bovine. Theriogenology 39:43-64 https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-691X(93)90023-X
  4. Caldwell, M. D., H. T. Jonsson and H. B. Jr. Othersen. 1972. Essential fatty acid deficiency in an infant receiving prolonged parenteral alimentation. J. Pediatr. 81:894-898 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3476(72)80539-0
  5. Chapkin, R. S. 1998. Reappraisal of the essential fatty acids In: Fatty acids in food and their health implications 2nd ed. (Ed. C. K. Chow). Culinary and Hospitality Industry Publications Services, NY. pp. 557-568
  6. Crosier, A. E., P. W. Farin, M. J. Dykstra, J. E. Alexander and C. E. Farin. 2001. Ultrastructural morphometry of bovine blastocysts produced in vivo or in vitro. Biol. Reprod. 64:1375-1385 https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod64.5.1375
  7. Diez, C., D. Le Bourhis, Y. Heyman and J. P. Renard. 1996. Effect of partial lipid removal from in vitro produced bovine zygotes on further development in vitro and on the freezing tolerance of blastocysts. In: Proceedings of the 1996 International Embryo Transfer Society Conference. Theriogenology 45:166 https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-691X(96)84639-5
  8. Diez, C., Y. Heyman, D. Le Bourhis, C. Guyader-Joly, J. Degrouard and J. P. Renard. 2001. Delipidating in vitroproduced bovine zygotes: Effect on further development and consequences for freezability. Theriogenology 55:923-936 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(01)00454-X
  9. Emken, E. A., R. O. Adlof and R. M. Gulley. 1994. Dietary linoleic acid influences desaturation and acylation of deuterium-labeled linoleic and linolenic acids in young adult males. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1213:277-288 https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2760(94)00054-9
  10. Hasler, J. F., W. B. Henderson, P. J. Hurtgen, Z. Q. Jin, A. D. McCauley, S. A. Mower, L. Y. B. Nee, L. S. Shuey, J. E. Stokes and S. A. Trimmer. 1995. Production, freezing and transfer of bovine IVF embryos and subsequent calving results. Theriogenology 43:141-152 https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-691X(94)00020-U
  11. Hochi, S., K. Kimura and A. Hanada. 1999a. Effect of linoleic acid-albumin in the culture medium on freezing sensitivity of in vitro-produced bovine morulae. Theriogenology 52:497-504 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(99)00146-6
  12. Hochi, S., A. Kanamori, K. Sugisawa, K. Kimura and A. Hanada. 1999b. Effect of linoleic acid-albumin in the IVM and IVF media on survival of frozen-thawed pronuclear bovine zygotes. J. Mamm. Ova. Res. 16:19-22 https://doi.org/10.1274/jmor.16.19
  13. Imai, K., S. Kobayashi, Y. Goto, O. Dochi and I. Shimohira. 1997. Cryopreservation of bovine embryos obtained by in vitro culture of IVM-IVF oocytes in the presence of linoleic acid albumin. In: Proceedings of the 1997 International Embryo Transfer Society Conference. Theriogenology 47:347 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(97)82474-0
  14. Imai, K., S. Matoba, O. Dochi and I. Shimohira. 2002. Different factors affect developmental competence and cryotolerance in in vitro, produced bovine embryo. J. Vet. Med. Sci. 64:887-891 https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.64.887
  15. Kaidi, S., A. Van Langendonckt, A. Massip, F. Dessy and I. Donnay. 1999. Cellular alteration after dilution of cryoprotective solutions used for the vitrification of in vitroproduced bovine embryos. Theriogenology 52:515-525 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(99)00148-X
  16. Kim, J. Y., M. Kinoshita, M. Ohnishi and Y. Fukui. 2000. Lipid and fatty acid analysis of fresh and frozen-thawed immature and in vitro matured bovine oocytes. Reproduction 122:131-138 https://doi.org/10.1530/rep.0.1220131
  17. Kojima, T., Y. Zeniya, T. Aoyama, A. Kondo and J. Yoshino. 1997. Dietary administration of fatty acids-enriched mold dried cell containing $\gamma$-linolenic acid to female pigs improves ovulation rate and embryo quality in summer. J. Reprod. Dev. 43:121-127 https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd.43.121
  18. Kreeger, P. K., N. N. Fernandes, T. K. Woodruff and L. D. Shea. 2005. Regulation of mouse follicle development by folliclestimulating hormone in a three-dimensional in vitro culture system is dependent on follicle stage and dose. Biol. Reprod. 73:942-950 https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.105.042390
  19. Krisher, R. L., M. Lane and B. D. Bavister. 1999. Developmental competence and metabolism of bovine embryos cultured in semi-defined and defined culture media. Biol. Reprod. 60:1345-1352 https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod60.6.1345
  20. Kubota, C., X. Yang, A. Dinnyes, J. Todoroki, H. Yamakuchi, K. Mizoshita, S. Inohae and N. Tabara. 1998. In vitro and in vivo survival of frozen-thawed bovine oocytes after IVF, nuclear transfer, and parthenogenetic activation. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 51:281-286 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199811)51:3<281::AID-MRD7>3.0.CO;2-L
  21. Leibo, S. and N. Loskutoff. 1993. Cryobiology of in vitro-derived bovine embryos Theriogenology 39:81-94 https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-691X(93)90025-Z
  22. Lim, K., G. Jang, K. Ko, W. Lee, H. Park, J. Kim, S. Lee, W. Hwang, B. Lee and S. Kang. 2006. Improved in vitro bovine embryo development and increased efficiency in producing viable calves using defined media. Theriogenology 67:293-302 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.07.011
  23. Lonergan, P., D. Rizos, J. Kanka, L. Nemcova, A. M. Mbaye, M. Kingston, M. Wade, P. Duffy and M. P. Boland. 2003. Temporal sensitivity of bovine embryos to culture environment after fertilization and the implications for blastocyst quality. Reproduction 126:337-346 https://doi.org/10.1530/rep.0.1260337
  24. McEvoy, T. G., G. D. Coull, P. J. Broadbent, J. S. Hutchinson and B. K. Speake. 2000. Fatty acid composition of lipids in immature cattle, pig and sheep oocytes with intact zona pellucida. J. Reprod. Fertil. 118:163-170 https://doi.org/10.1530/reprod/118.1.163
  25. Mucci, N., J. Aller, G. G. Kaiser, F. Hozbor, J. Cabodevila and R. H. Alberio. 2006. Effect of estrous cow serum during bovine embryo culture on blastocyst development and cryotolerance after slow freezing or vitrification. Theriogenology 65:1551-1562 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2005.08.020
  26. Park, M. C., J. Y. Kim, S. B. Kim, Y. S. Park, H. D. Park, J. H. Lee, D. S. Oh and J. M. Kim. 2009. The effect of cryopreservation on the mouse embryos at various-pronuclear stages. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 22:174-180
  27. Perez Rigau, A., M. D. Lindemann, E. T. Kornegay, A. F. Harper and B. A. Watkins. 1995. Role of dietary lipids on fetal tissue fatty acid composition and fetal survival in swine at 42 days of gestation. J. Anim. Sci. 73:1372-1380
  28. Pratt, H. P. M. and M. A. George. 1989. Organisation and assembly of the surface membrane during early cleavage of the mouse embryo. Dev. Genes Evol. 198:170-178 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02438942
  29. Ravindranatha, B. M., S. Nandi, H. M. Raghu and S. M. Reddy. 2003. In vitro maturation and fertilization of buffalo oocytes: effects of storage of ovaries, IVM temperatures, storage of processed sperm and fertilization media. Reprod. Domest. Anim. 38:21-26 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0531.2003.00390.x
  30. Rehman, N. U., M. Sawar and H. A. Samad. 2001. In vitro production of bovine embryos. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 14:1342-1351
  31. Rizos, D., F. Ward, M. P. Boland and P. Lonergan. 2001. Effect of culture system on the yield and quality of bovine blastocysts as assessed by survival after vitrification. Theriogenology 56:1-16 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(01)00538-6
  32. Rizos, D., F. Ward, P. Duffy, M. P. Boland and P. Lonergan. 2002a. Consequences of bovine oocyte maturation, fertilisation or early embryo development in vitro versus in vivo: implications for blastocysts quality. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 61:234-248 https://doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1153
  33. Rizos, D., T. Fair, S. Papadopoulos, M. P. Boland and P. Lonergan. 2002b. Developmental, qualitative, and ultrastructural differences between ovine and bovine embryos produced in vivo or in vitro. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 62:320-327 https://doi.org/10.1002/mrd.10138
  34. Rizos, D., A. Gutierrez-Adan, S. Perez-Garnelo, J. De La Fuente, M. P. Boland and P. Lonergan. 2003. Bovine embryo culture in the presence or absence of serum: implications for blastocyst development, cryotolerance, and messenger RNA expression. Biol. Reprod. 68:236-243
  35. Smeaton, D. C., B. L. Harris, Z. Z. Xu and W. H. Vivanco. 2003. Factors affecting commercial application of embryo technologies in New Zealand: a modelling approach. Theriogenology 59:617-634 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(02)01244-X
  36. Squires, E. J. 2003. Manipulation of Growth and Carcass Composition. In: Applied animal endocrinology (Ed. E. J. Squires), CABI publishing, UK. pp. 66-123
  37. Tominaga, K., Y. Hamada, T. Yabuue and T. Ariyoshi. 2000. Effect of linoleic acid-albumin on post-thaw survival of in vitroproduced bovine embryo at the 16-cell stage. J. Vet. Med. Sci. 62:465-467 https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.62.465
  38. Trounson, A., D. Pushett, L. J. Maclellan, I. Lewis and D. K. Gardner. 1994. Current status of IVM/IVF and embryo culture in humans and farm animals. Theriogenology 41:57-66 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(05)80049-4
  39. Van De Leemput, E. E., Vos PLAM, E. C. Zeinstra, M. M. Severs, G. C. Van Der Weijden and S. J. Dieleman. 1999. Improved in vitro embryo development using in vivo matured oocytes from heifers superovulated with a controlled preovulatory LH surge. Theriogenology 52:335-349 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(99)00133-8
  40. Vitt, U. A., H. J. Kloosterboer, U. M. Rose, J. W. M. Mulders, P. S. Kiesel, S. Bete and P. L. Nayudu. 1998. Isoforms of human recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone: comparison of effects on murine follicle development in vitro. Biol. Reprod. 59:854-861 https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod59.4.854
  41. Wheeler, M. B., J. J. Rutledge, A. Fischer-Brown, T. VanEtten, S. Malusky and D. J. Beebe. 2006. Application of sexed semen technology to in vitro embryo production in cattle. Theriogenology 65:219-227 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2005.09.032
  42. Wirtu, G., C. E. Pope, P. Damiani, F. Miller, B. L. Dresser, C. R. Short, R. A. Godke and B. D. Bavister. 2004. Development of in-vitro-derived bovine embryos in protein-free media: effects of amino acids, glucose, pyruvate, lactate, phosphate and osmotic pressure. Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 15:439-449 https://doi.org/10.1071/RD03090
  43. Yahia Khandoker, M. A. M. and H. Tsujii. 1999. Effect of exogenous fatty acids on in vitro development of rat embryos. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 12:169-173
  44. Zeron, Y., D. Sklan and A. Arav. 2002. Effect of polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on biophysical parameters and chilling sensitivity of ewe oocytes. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 61:271-278 https://doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1156

Cited by

  1. Lysophosphatidic acid accelerates development of porcine embryos by activating formation of the blastocoel vol.85, pp.1, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1002/mrd.22938