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Acaricidal Activity of (E) - Anethole Derived from Illicium verum and Its Analogues against Dermanyssua gallinae Adults

닭진드기 성충에 대한 대회향 유래 아네톨 및 유사 화합물들의 살비활성

  • Jo, Hyeong-Chan (Department of Rehabilitation Welfare, College of Health & Welfare, Woosuk University)
  • 조형찬 (우석대학교 보건복지대학)
  • Published : 2009.06.30

Abstract

The acaricidal activities of Illicium verum fruit-derived materials against adults of Dermanyssus gallinae were examined using the direct contact application method. Based on laboratory tests, an acaricidal constituent of I. verum fruit was determined because of its potent activity. Results were compared with those of the currently used acaricides such as dichlorvos, diazinon, and carbaryl. The acaricidal principle of I. verum fruit was identified as (E)-anethole using a GC-MS. lts acaricidal activity was compared with those of 12 compounds having a similar chemical moiety. Based on the $LD_{50}$ values, the acaricidal activities of (+)-or-(-)-neomenthol were the strongest (0.01 $mg/cm^2$) and (E)-anethole, (+)-or-(-)-menthol, (${\pm}$)-isoborneol, (-)-menthone, and (lS)-endo-(-)-bomeol showed similar results (0.02 $mg/cm^2$), and (1R)-(+)-camphor and (+)-menthone also gave good activities (0.03 and 0.04 $mg/cm^2$, respectively). These compounds showed more toxic acaricidal activities than diazinon and carbaryl, 0.05 and > 0.2 $mg/cm^2$, respectively, but were not comparable to that of dichlorvos with 0.0002 $mg/cm^2$. These results indicate that the I. verum fruit-derived materials and tested compounds descried as poultry red mites-control agents could be useful for managing field populations of D. gallinae.

닭진드기 성충에 대한 대회향 열매에서 유래한 추출물들의 살비활성 직접접촉법을 이용해서 조사하였다. 실내시험에서 대회향 메탄올 추출물의 높은 활성이 관찰되었기 때문에 그것의 살비활성 본체를 탐색하였다. 그 결과를 현재 사용되고 있는 살비제들인 디클로르보스, 다이아지논 그리고 카바릴과 비교하였다. 칼럼크로마토그라피를 이용해서 대회향 열매의 살비활성 본체를 분리하였고 이것을 GC-MS를 이용해 (E)-아네톨로 규명하였다. 이 활성물질과 비슷한 구조를 갖고 있는 12종의 화합물들의 살비활성과 아네톨의 활성을 $LD_{50}$ 값을 기준하여 비교하였다. 그 결과 2종의 네오멘솔 이성체들이 아네톨보다 강한 활성을 보였고 (0.01 $mg/cm^2$), 2종 멘솔 이성체들, (${\pm}$-이소보르네올, (-)-멘손, 그리고 (1S)-엔도-(-)-보르네올이 비슷한 활성을 보였으며 (0.02 $mg/cm^2$), (1R)-(+)-캠퍼와 (+)-멘손은 아네톨 보다 약한 활성을 나타냈다. 이들 화합물 모두는 각각 0.05 그리고 > 0.2 $mg/cm^2$의 값을 보인 다이아지논과 카바릴보다 더 우수한 활성을 보였지만, 디클로르보스의 활성 (0.0002 $mg/cm^2$)에는 미치지 못했다. 이상의 결과들은 대회향 열매 유래 물질들과 시험한 물질들이 닭진드기의 야외 개체군들을 방제하는데 유용할 수 있다는 것을 보여준다.

Keywords

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