The Journal of Korean Medicine (대한한의학회지)

The Society of Korean Medicine (대한한의학회)
권호 표지

Preventive Effect of Hwangryunhaedok-tang on Inflammatory Responses in PHA-stimulated Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Cerebral Infarction Patients

  • Kim, Yun-Ha (Vestibulocochlear Research Center & Department of Microbiology, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Cho, Kwang-Ho (Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Shin, Sun-Ho (Department of Internal Medicine, College of Oriental medicine, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Lee, In (Department of Internal Medicine, College of Oriental medicine, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Kim, Eun-Sook (Vestibulocochlear Research Center & Department of Microbiology, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Youn, Myung-Ja (Vestibulocochlear Research Center & Department of Microbiology, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Kyung (Vestibulocochlear Research Center & Department of Microbiology, Wonkwang University) ;
  • Moon, Byung-Soon (Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University)
  • Published : 2009.11.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives: Hwangryunhaedok-tang (HRHDT), a prescription composed of four herbs, has been wi dely used in Oriental Medicine for the treatment of cerebral infarction. However, the mechanisms by which the herbal formula affects on the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in cerebral infarction patients remain unknown yet. Methods: The levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, interleukin (IL)-1b, and IL-6, IL-10, and TGF-${\beta}1$ were determined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from cerebral infarction patients under our experimental conditions. Results: The secretory levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, interleukin (IL)-1b, and IL-6, and IL-10 were significantly increased in phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from cerebral infarction patients. However, pretreatment with HRHDT significantly inhibited the secretion of pro- and anti-inflammatory in PBMCs. Also, HRHDT induced a significant increase of transforming growth factor (TGF)-b1 in PBMCs. Conclusions: These data indicate that HRHDT may be beneficial in the suppression of inflammatory processes of cerebral infarct through suppression of TNF-$\alpha$, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, and IL-10 and induction of TGF-${\beta}1$.

Keywords

References

  1. Baek SI, Bae JH, Kim JY, Sim SH, Kang KH, Lee SY, et al. Anti-allergic inflammatory effects of Hwangyounhaedog-tang on PMA plus A23187-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells. Korean j Oriental Physiology & Pathology. 2008; 22(3):600-6.
  2. Moon JY. Effects of Hwangryunhaedok-tang on DNA Damage, Antioxidant Enzymes Expression and Acetylcholinesterase Activity. Korea j herbology. 2007; 22(1):7-12.
  3. Ahn SH, Kim JW, Kang CH, Whang WW. The effects of Hwangryunhaedoktang and herbs on Mouse neuroblastoma 2a cells damaged by hypoxia-reoxygenation. J Oriental Neuropsychiatry. 2006; 17(2):37-59.
  4. Kim HY, Shin SH, Lee I. Neuroprotective Effect of Hwangryunhaedok-tang Against Glucose-deprivation Induced Cytotoxicity in PC-12 Cells. Korean j Oriental Physiology & Pathology. 2008; 22(6):1462-9.
  5. Bemeur C, Ste-Marie L, Desjardins P, Vachon L, Butterworth RF, Hazell AS, et al. Dehydro-ascorbic acid normalizes several markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in acute hyperglycemic focal cerebral ischemia in the rat. Neurochem Int. 2005; 46:399-407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuint.2004.11.007
  6. Lee JC, Cho GS, Kim HJ, Lim JH, Oh YK, Nam W, et al. Accelerated cerebral ischemic injury by activated macrophages/microglia after lipopolysaccharide microinjection into rat corpus callosum. Glia. 2005; 50:168-81. https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.20164
  7. Kim Y, So HS, Youn MJ, Kim HJ, Woo WH, Shin SH, et al. Anti-inflammatory effect of Sasim extracts in PHA-stimulated THP-1 and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from CI patients. J Ethnopharmacol. 2007; 112(1):32-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2007.01.029
  8. Barone FC, Schmidt DB, Hillegass LM, Price WJ, White RF, Feuerstein GZ, et al. Reperfusion increases neutrophils and leukotriene B4 receptor binding in rat focal ischemia. Stroke. 1992; 23:1337-47. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.23.9.1337
  9. Kochanek PM, Hallenbeck JM. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes/macrophages in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia and stroke. Stroke. 1992; 23:1367-79. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.23.9.1367
  10. Wang PY, Kao CH, Mui MY, Wang SJ. Leukocyte infiltration in acute hemispheric ischemic stroke. Stroke. 1993; 24:236-40. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.24.2.236
  11. Garcia JH, Liu KF, Yoshida Y, Chen S, Lian J. Brain microvessels: factors altering their patency after the occlusion of a middle cerebral artery (Wistar rat). Am J Pathol. 1994; 145: 728-40.
  12. Lucas SM, Rothwell NJ, Gibson RM. The role of inflammation in CNS injury and disease. Br J Pharmacol. 2006; 1:232-40.
  13. Kim Y, So HS, Youn MJ, Kim ES, Song MS, Chai KY, et al. Anti-inflammatory effect of So-Pung-Tang, a Korean traditional prescription for cerebral infarction patients. J Ethnopharmacol. 2007; 114(3):425-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2007.08.041
  14. Castillo J, Leira R. Predictors of deteriorating cerebral infarct: role of inflammatory mechanisms. Would its early treatment be useful? Cerebrovasc Dis. 2007; 1:40-8.
  15. Nilupul PM, Ma HK, Arakawa S, Howells DW, Markus R, Rowe CC, et al. Inflammation following stroke. J Clin Neurosci. 2006; 13:1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2005.07.005
  16. Yamasaki Y, Matsuo Y, Zagorski J, Matsuura N, Onodera H, Itoyama Y, et al. New therapeutic possibility of blocking cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant on transient ischemic brain damage in rats. Brain Res. 1997; 759:103-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-8993(97)00251-5
  17. Kariko K, Weissman D, Welsh FA. Inhibition of toll-like receptor and cytokine signaling--a unifying theme in ischemic tolerance. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2004; 24:1288-304. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.WCB.0000145666.68576.71
  18. Nakamura K, Ueno T, Yamamoto H, Iguro Y, Yamada K, Sakata R. Relationship between cerebral injury and inflammatory responses in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Cytokine. 2005; 29:95-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2004.10.002
  19. Jung HA, Yoon NY, Bae HJ, Min BS, Choi JS. Inhibitory activities of the alkaloids from Coptidis Rhizoma against aldose reductase. Arch Pharm Res. 2008; 31(11):1405-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-001-2124-z
  20. Youn MJ, So HS, Cho HJ, Kim HJ, Kim Y, Lee JH, et al. Berberine, a natural product, combined with cisplatin enhanced apoptosis through a mitochondria/caspase-mediated pathway in HeLa cells. Biol Pharm Bull. 2008; 31(5): 789-95. https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.31.789
  21. Kim HJ, Kong MK, Kim YC. Beneficial effects of Phellodendri Cortex extract on hyperglycemia and diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. BMB Rep. 2008; 41(10):710-5. https://doi.org/10.5483/BMBRep.2008.41.10.710
  22. Park YK, Chung YS, Kim YS, Kwon OY, Joh TH. Inhibition of gene expression and production of iNOS and TNF-alpha in LPS-stimulated microglia by methanol extract of Phellodendri cortex. Int Immunopharmacol. 2007; 7(7):955-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2006.03.018
  23. Yang Y, Hu Y, Gu HY, Lu N, Liu W, Qi Q, et al. Oroxylin A induces G2/M phase cell-cycle arrest via inhibiting Cdk7-mediated expression of Cdc2/p34 in human gastric carcinoma BGC-823 cells. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2008; 60(11):1459-63.
  24. Yang JG, Shen YH, Hong Y, Jin FH, Zhao SH, Wang MC, et al. Stir-baked Fructus gardeniae (L.) extracts inhibit matrix metalloproteinases and alter cell morphology. J Ethnopharmacol. 2008; 117(2):285-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2008.01.033
  25. Nagaki Y, Hayasaka S, Zhang XY, Hayasaka Y, Nakamura N, Terasawa K. Effects of topical instillation of traditional herbal medicines, herbal extracts, and their components on prostaglandin E2-induced aqueous flare elevation in pigmented rabbits. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2003; 47(3):249-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-5155(03)00002-9
  26. Zheng Z, Yenari MA. Post-ischemic inflammation: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Neurol Res. 2004; 26:884-92. https://doi.org/10.1179/016164104X2357
  27. Bevilacqua MP, Pober JS, Wheeler ME, Cotran RS, Gimbrone MA. Interleukin 1 acts on cultured human vascular endothelium to increase the adhesion of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, monocytes, and related leukocyte cell lines. J Clin Invest. 1985; 76:2003-11. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI112200
  28. Dihne M, Block F. Focal ischemia induces transient expression of IL-6 in the substantia nigra pars reticulata. Brain Res. 2001; 889:165-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-8993(00)03129-2
  29. Park YG, Kang SK, Kim WJ, Lee YC, Kim CH. Effects of TGF-beta, TNF-alpha, IL-beta and IL-6 alone or in combination, and tyrosine kinase inhibitor on cyclooxygenase expression, prostaglandin E2 production and bone resorption in mouse calvarial bone cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2004; 36:2270-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2004.04.019
  30. Hosomi N, Ban CR, Naya T, Takahashi T, Guo P, Song XY, et al. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha neutralization reduced cerebral edema through inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase production after transient focal cerebral ischemia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2005; 25:959-67. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9600086
  31. Dawson DA, Martin D, Hallenbeck JM. Inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha reduces focal cerebral ischemic injury in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Neurosci Lett. 1996; 218:41-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(96)13116-5
  32. Loddick SA, Rothwell NJ. Neuroprotective effects of human recombinant interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in focal cerebral ischaemia in the rat. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1996; 16:932-40. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004647-199609000-00017
  33. Relton JK, Martin D, Thompson RC, Russell DA. Peripheral administration of Interleukin-1 Receptor antagonist inhibits brain damage after focal cerebral ischemia in the rat. Exp Neurol. 1996; 138:206-13. https://doi.org/10.1006/exnr.1996.0059
  34. Stroemer RP, Rothwell NJ. Cortical protection by localized striatal injection of IL-1ra following cerebral ischemia in the rat. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1997; 17:597-604.
  35. Frenkel D, Huang Z, Maron R, Koldzic DN, Moskowitz MA, Weiner HL. Neuroprotection by IL-10-producing MOG CD4+ T cells following ischemic stroke. J Neurol Sci. 2005; 233(1-2):125-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2005.03.022
  36. Buisson A, Lesne S, Docagne F, Ali C, Nicole O, MacKenzie ET, et al. Transforming growth factor-beta and ischemic brain injury. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2003; 23(4-5):539-50. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025072013107
  37. Krupinski J, Kumar P, Kumar S, Kaluza J. Increased expression of TGF-beta 1 in brain tissue after ischemic stroke in humans. Stroke. 1996; 27(5):852-7. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.27.5.852
  38. Zhu Y, Yang GY, Ahlemeyer B, Pang L, Che XM, Culmsee C, et al. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 increases bad phosphorylation and protects neurons against damage. J Neurosci. 2002; 22(10):3898-909.