Abstract
To conduct a risk assessment of $AFB_1$ intake, $AFM_1$, which is a metabolite of $AFB_1$ in the human and porcine urine, was determined by competitive direct ELISA (cdELISA). The detection limit of cdELISA using anti-$AFM_1$ antibody and $AFB_1$-HRP conjugate was 10 pg/mL. The recoveries of $AFM_1$ were 117-167% after the addition of $AFM_1$ in the human urine in a range of 3-100 pg/mL. 165 samples (95.5%) of those obtained from 172 persons evidenced measurable levels of urinary $AFM_1$. The detected $AFM_1$ ranges were 0-11.6 pg/mL and the average level of $AFM_1$ contamination was 2.74${\pm}$ 1.89 pg/mL. The estimated amount of $AFM_1$ excretion in the human urine was 3.97 ng/day and the estimated $AFB_1$ intake amount was 79.4 ng/day. The probable daily intake (PDI) of $AFB_1$ by the subjects was estimated to be 1.28 ng/kg bw/day, which was higher than the tolerable daily intake (TDI, 0.15 ng/kg bw/day). In the case of porcine urine, the $AFM_1$ ranged between 0.97-26.7 pg/mL and the average contaminated $AFM_1$ was 10.62${\pm}$4.39 pg/mL. The estimated amount of $AFM_1$ excretion in the porcine urine was 27.6 ng/day, and the estimated $AFB_1$ intake amount was 551 ng/day.
$AFB_1$의 대사산물 중 하나인 $AFM_1$을 사람과 돼지의 뇨에서 cdELISA를 통해 분석함으로써 간접적으로 $AFB_1$의 위해성 평가를 수행하고자 하였다. 항 $AFM_1$ 항체와 ${AFB_1}-HRP$를 이용한 cdELISA에서 $AFM_1$의 검출한계는 10 pg/mL로 나타났다. 사람의 요에 $AFM_1$을 3-100 pg/mL 농도가 되게 첨가한 후 cdELISA로 분석하였을 때 그 회수율은 117-167%(평균 139${\pm}$19.1)의 범위로 나타났다. 사람의 뇨 중 $AFM_1$의 오염량을 cdELISA로 분석한 결과 전체 172개의 시료 중 165개의 시료에서 평균 2.74${\pm}$1.89 pg/mL 농도로 검출되었다. 뇨 중 $AFM_1$의 일일배출량은 평균 3.97 ng/day으로 나타났고, $AFB_1$의 섭취량은 체내전환율 5%로 가정하였을 때, 79.4 ng/day로 추정되었다. 따라서 사람의 일일섭취추정량 (PDI)은 1.28 ng/kg bw/day로 나타났으며 돼지의 PDI는 9.2 ng/kg bw/day로 나타났다. 한편 $AFB_1$ 섭취의 위해성 평가에서 사람의 PDI는, 일일섭취감내량(TDI, 0.15 ng/kg bw/day)보다 8.5배나 높은 값을 보였지만 외국의 연구결과와 비교하였을 때 대체로 비슷하게 나타났다.
