DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Isolation and Morphological Identification of Apple Anthracnose Fungus of Colletotrichum sp. KV-21

  • Published : 2009.12.30

Abstract

This study was undertaken to isolate and to identify a fungal pathogen Colletotrichum sp. KV-21 associated with apple anthracnose. Rotted Gala apples were used for the isolation of the fungus. The infected tissues were sterilized with 70% ethanol, washed with sterilized distilled water and were transferred to 50 ml containing potato broth (PDB) flasks. The peripheral hyphae of the fungal colony which developed from the infected tissues were isolated on to potato dextrose agar (PDA). On PDA plates the fungus grew well at $25^{\circ}C$ and occupied more than half of a 9 cm petri dish within 5 days. The fungal cultures on PDA were used for morphological observation and identification of the fungus. Conidiophores were produced on the gray to whitish sporodochial structures scattered on PDA plates which gave rise to conidiogenous cells. The structures of the conidia produced on PDA plates were subcylindrical to obovoid, fusoid, tapered and 4 to $6\;{\mu}m$ in size.

Keywords

References

  1. IAPSC, (1985) Colletotrichum fructicola. Distribution maps of major crop pests and diseases in Africa No. 306. IAPSC, Yaounde, Cameroon, South Africa
  2. Deacon, J. W. (1997) Modern Mycology. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford, UK
  3. Nutrition to Reduce Cancer Risk (NRCR), (2008) The Stanford Cancer Center (SCC). http://cancer.stanford. edu/information/nutritionAndCancer/reduceRisk/.
  4. Boyer, J. and Liu, R. H. (2004) Apple phytochemicals and their health benefits. Nutr. J. (Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-7201), USA
  5. Sharma, R. (2005) Improve your health with Apple, Guava, Mango. Diamond Pocket Books (P) Ltd. pp. 22. ISBN 8128809245
  6. Apples Keep Your Family Healthy (AKYFH), (2008) Washington State Apple Advertising Commission. http://www.bestapples.com/healthy/.
  7. Lee, K. W., Lee, S. J., Kang, N. J., Lee, C. Y. and Lee, H. J. (2004) Effects of phenolics in Empire apples on hydrogen peroxide-induced inhibition of gap-junctional intercellular communication, Biofactors 21, 361-365 https://doi.org/10.1002/biof.552210169
  8. Lee, K. W., Kim, Y. J., Kim, D. O., Lee, H. J. and Lee, C. Y. (2003) Major phenolics in apple and their contribution to the total antioxidant capacity, J. Agric. Food Chem. 51(22), 6516-6520 https://doi.org/10.1021/jf034475w
  9. Elmer, P. A. G. and Gaunt, R. E. (1986) A survey of fungicide insensitivity in Colletotrichum fructicola. Proceedings of the 39th New Zealand weed and pest control conference, pp. 166-169
  10. Henz, G. P., Boiteux, L. S. and Lopes C. A. (1992) Outbreak of strawberry anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum acutatum in central Brazil. Plant Dis. 76, 212
  11. Howard, C. M., Maas, J. L., Chandler, C. K. and Albregts, E. E. (1992) Anthracnose of strawberry caused by the Colletotrichum complex in Florida. Plant Dis. 76, 976-981 https://doi.org/10.1094/PD-76-0976
  12. Byrde, R. J. W. and Willetts, H. J. (1977) The brown rot fungi of fruit. Pergamon Press, London, UK
  13. Ogawa, J. M., Zehr, E. I., Bird, G. W., Ritchie, D. F., Uriu, K. and Uyemoto, J. K. (1995) Compendium of stone fruit diseases. APS, St. Paul, MN, USA
  14. Van Leeuwen, G. C. M. and van Kesteren, H. A. (1998) Delineation of the three brown rot fungi of fruit crops (Colletotrichum spp.) on the bases of quantitative characteristics, Can J. Bot. 76, 2042-2050 https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-76-12-2042
  15. Wormald, H. (1920) The brown rot diseases of fruit trees, with special reference to two biologic forms of Monilia cinerea, Bon. II, Annu. Bot. 34, 143-171
  16. Lubbe, C. M., Denman, S., Cannon, P. F., Groenewald, J. Z., Lamprecht, S. C. and Crous, P. W. (2004) Characterization of Colletotrichum species associated with diseases of Proteaceae, Mycologia, 96(6), 1268-1279 https://doi.org/10.2307/3762144
  17. Hashmi, M. H., Morgan-Jones, G. and Kendrich, B. (1972) Conidium ontogeny in Hyphomycetes: Monilia state of Neurospora sitophila and Sclerotinia laxa, Can. J. Bot. 50, 2419-2421 https://doi.org/10.1139/b72-310
  18. Penrose, L. J., Tarran, J. and Wong, A. L. (1976) First record of Sclerotinia laxa in New South Wales: differentiation from S. fructicola by cultural characteristics and electrophoresis, Aus. J. Agric. Res. 27, 547-556 https://doi.org/10.1071/AR9760547
  19. Mordue, J. E. M. (1979) Sclerotinia fructicola, S. fructigena, S. laxa. CMI Descriptions of pathogenic fungi and bacteria Nos. 616, 617, 619. CAB International, Wallingford, UK
  20. Grover, R. K. and Bansal (1970) Seed borne nature of Colletotrichum capsici in chilli seeds and its control by seed dressing fungicides. Ind. Phytopathol. 23, 664-668
  21. Wahid, O. A. A., (2001) Occurrence of Colletotrichum anthracnose disease of guava fruit in Egypt. Int. J. Pest. Mang. 47, 147-152 https://doi.org/10.1080/09670870151130679
  22. Morton, J., (1987) Guava. In: Fruits of warm climates. Julia F. Morton and Miamai, F. L., pp: 356-363
  23. Peres, N. A. R., Kurama, E. E., Dias, M. S. C. and de Souza, H. L. (2002). Identification of Colletotrichum spp. affecting fruit after harvest in Brazil. J. Phytopathol. 150, 128-134 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0434.2002.00732.x
  24. Adelaja, B. A. (1997) Observation on the pests and diseases of Chrysopyllum albidum in Nigeria. In: Proceedings of a national workshop on the potentials of the star apple in Nigeria. Denton, O. A., Ladipo, D. O., Adetoro, M. A. and Sarumi M.B. (Eds.), pp: 117-121
  25. Isaque, M. and Talukder, M. J. (1967). Survey of fungal flora of East Pakistan. Agric. Pakistan 18, 17-26
  26. Talukder, M. J. (1974) Plant disease in Bangladesh. Bang. J. Agric. Res. 32, 61-86 https://doi.org/10.1071/AR9810061
  27. Babalola, S. O., Ashaye, O. A., Babalola, A. O. And Aina, J. O. (2002) Effect of cold temperature storage on the quality of Pawpaw and Guava leathers. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 1, 61-63

Cited by

  1. Biological Control of Apple Anthracnose by Paenibacillus polymyxa APEC128, an Antagonistic Rhizobacterium vol.32, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.OA.01.2016.0015
  2. Simultaneous Determination of Pyraclostrobin, Prochloraz, and its Metabolite in Apple and Soil Via RRLC-MS/MS vol.11, pp.5, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-017-1065-1
  3. Tenore) vol.08, pp.01, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793984418500034