Korean journal of applied entomology (한국응용곤충학회지)

Korean Society of Applied Entomology (한국응용곤충학회)
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Evaluation of Toxicity of Plant Extract Made by Neem and Matrine against Main Pests and Natural Enemies

멀구슬과 고삼을 원료로 한 식물추출물의 주요해충과 천적에 대한 독성평가

  • Hwang, In-Cheon (Central Research Institute, KyungNong Co. Ltd.) ;
  • Kim, Jin (Central Research Institute, KyungNong Co. Ltd.) ;
  • Kim, Hyeong-Min (Central Research Institute, KyungNong Co. Ltd.) ;
  • Kim, Do-Ik (Jeonnam Agricultural Research & Extension Services) ;
  • Kim, Sun-Gon (Jeonnam Agricultural Research & Extension Services) ;
  • Kim, Sang-Su (Division of Horticulture and Plant Medicine, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Jang, Cheol (Central Research Institute, KyungNong Co. Ltd.)
  • 황인천 ((주)경농 중앙연구소) ;
  • 김진 ((주)경농 중앙연구소) ;
  • 김형민 ((주)경농 중앙연구소) ;
  • 김도익 (전라남도농업기술원 친환경연구소) ;
  • 김선곤 (전라남도농업기술원 친환경연구소) ;
  • 김상수 (순천대학교 원예식물의학부) ;
  • 장철 ((주)경농 중앙연구소)
  • Published : 2009.03.30
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Abstract

KNI3126 which is the eco-friendly material made by plant extracts - neem and matrine - have been evaluated for efficacies against 6 main pests and toxicity on natural enemies. Insecticidal efficacies of KNI3126 against plant hopper were above 95% at 5 days after treatment (DAT), whereas pesticidal effects against the cotton aphid were above 95% at 3 DAT and slightly decreased at 5 DAT. Insecticidal efficacy against the palm thrips resulted in lower control value as 68.1% than that of chemical insecticides. KNI3126 showed more than 95% control value against diamond back moth, suggesting that it could suppress the population of pest hard to control as eco-friendly material. Mortalities against two-spotted spider mite were about 80% at 1 DAT and over 90% at 5 DAT, respectively. For evaluation of the toxicity on natural enemies, effect against predatory natural enemy was classified as moderate selective toxicity based on the criterion of International Organization of Bio-Control (IOBC), whereas against parasitic natural enemies was found to be relatively safe. Repellent effect was weak against plant hopper, but strong against two-spotted spider mite. In the toxicity test for safety, KNI3126 was classified as the lowest level at acute oral, acute dermal and fish toxicity test and did not induce the irritancy at skin irritation test and eye irritation test.

멀구슬나무와 고삼 식물추출물을 활용한 KNI3126의 주요 해충 6종에 대한 살충효과와 천적류에 대한 영향평가를 하였다. 벼멸구에 대한 KNI3126의 살충효과는 약제처리 후 5일째에 95% 이상이었으며, 목화진딧물은 처리 후 3일째에 95% 이상을 나타냈지만, 5일째에는 다소 살충효과가 떨어졌다. 오이총채벌레에서는 68.1%로 일반 살충제처럼 높은 살충효과를 나타내지는 않았다. 배추좀나방의 경우는 95% 이상의 높은 살충율을 나타내어 친환경자재로서 난방제 해충의 밀도 억제가 가능할 것으로 판단되었다. 점박이응애에서는 살포 1일째부터 80% 정도의 살비율을 보여 5일째에는 90% 이상의 높은 살비율을 나타냈다. 포식성 천적인 이리응애류에 대한 영향평가 결과 국제생물방제협회(IOBC)의 생존율 40%이하인 선택독성이 중간정도로 판정되었으며, 기생성 천적의 경우에는 비교적 안전한 것으로 평가되었다. 벼멸구에 대한 기피효과는 약한 것으로 판단되었지만, 점박이응애에 대해서는 높은 것으로 판명되었다. 또한, 안전성을 검토한 결과 급성경구, 급성경피, 어독성에서 저독성으로, 피부자극성과 안점막자극성시험에서는 자극이 없는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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