The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea (한국음향학회지)

The Acoustical Society of Korea (한국음향학회)
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Characteristics Variation Analysis by Shape of Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Transducer with Non-Uniform Thickness

두께 불균일 압전 초음파 트랜스듀서의 형태에 따른 특성변화 해석

  • Published : 2008.08.31
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Abstract

The electro-mechanical characteristics were theoretically analyzed for the wideband ultrasonic transducer made of non-uniform thickness piezoelectric vibrator. This paper proposes a combination of exponential functions which describes the thickness variation along the length of the vibrator to derive the input admittance and power transfer function of the transducer. The bandwidth and the power transfer function of the transducer were investigated while the lateral shape of the vibrator changes. The results showed there is an optimum shape for the wideband characteristics of the transducer, and the bandwidth has increased up to over 100% as the ratio of minimum value of thickness to maximum value decreases. However, the power transfer function had a downward trend as the ratio of thickness decreases. Also we confirmed that even though the value of transfer function increases as the length of the piezoelectric vibrator increases, the shape providing wideband characteristics is very limited. It means that precision processing is required to manufacturing a wideband ultrasonic transducer with high efficiency.

압전판의 길이나 폭에 따라 두께가 변화하는 압전 세라믹을 사용하여 광대역 특성을 구현하는 초음파 트랜스듀서에 대하여 압전진동자의 측면에서 본 형태에 따른 전기-음향적 특성해석을 이론적으로 수행하였다. 압전진동자의 길이방향에 따른 두께 변화를 지수함수의 조합으로 표현하고 이 함수를 이용하여 압전진동자의 전기단자에서 본 자유 어드미턴스 및 파워전달함수에 대한 식을 도출하였다. 대표적인 PZT압전 세라믹을 예로 들어 압전 진동자의 측면 형태변화에 따른 비 대역폭을 고찰해본 결과 넓은 대역폭를 얻기 위한 최적의 형태가 존재함을 알 수 있었으며, 압전진동자의 최대두께에 대한 최소두께 비가 자아짐에 따라 대역폭은 100%이상까지도 넓어질 수 있으나 파워전달함수는 반대로 감소하는 경향을 확인할 수 있었다. 또 압전진동자의 길이가 길어질수록 전달함수의 크기는 증가하나 광대역 특성을 갖는 압전진동자의 형태는 매우 한정적이 됨을 확인할 수 있었으며 이는 고효율의 광대역 초음파 트렌스듀서 제작에 있어서는 정밀한 가공이 요구됨을 확인할 수 있었다.

Keywords

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