Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer (한국토양비료학회지)

Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer (한국토양비료학회)
권호 표지

The Effect of Tillage Methods after Application of Liquid Pig Manure on Silage Barley Growth and Soil Environment in Paddy Field

돈분액비 시용 논에서 경운방법이 청보리 생육 및 토양환경에 미치는 영향

  • 양창휴 (농촌진흥청 작물과학원 호남농업연구소) ;
  • 이상복 (농촌진흥청 작물과학원 호남농업연구소) ;
  • 김택겸 (농촌진흥청 작물과학원 호남농업연구소) ;
  • 유진희 (농촌진흥청 작물과학원 호남농업연구소) ;
  • 류철현 (농촌진흥청 작물과학원 호남농업연구소) ;
  • 이정준 (농촌진흥청 작물과학원 호남농업연구소) ;
  • 김재덕 (농촌진흥청 작물과학원 호남농업연구소) ;
  • 정광용 (국립환경과학원)
  • Received : 2008.08.04
  • Accepted : 2008.09.30
  • Published : 2008.10.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

To investigate the effect of tillage methods on the silage barely growth and the soil environment in paddy field, liquid pig manure(LPM) was applied after harvesting rice at Jisan series soil for 2 years. Five plots, a LPM applied rate as N%; 0, 100, 150, 200(basal dressing) and 100(basal dressing)+50(additional fertilizer) were divided by tillage methods; non-tillage, non-tillage+rice straw and rotary tillage method. Emission amounts of $NH_3$ gas highly decreased in the rotary tillage and the non-tillage+rice straw plot compared to non-tillage plot. The contents of soil organic matter and exchangeable cation were increased in the applied LPM plot. $NH_4-N$ and $NO_3-N$ contents in soil were the highest in the non-tillage+rice straw plot and followed by the rotary tillage and highly decreased along with the growth of plant. Run-off rate of mineral components were higher in order of the rotary tillage plot£æthe non-tillage plot£æthe non-tillage+rice straw plot and then leached to $SO_4$, $NO_3-N$, K plentifully. The yield of silage barley in dry weight was higher in order of the non-tillage+rice straw plot>the rotary tillage plot>the non-tillage plot. To estimate the feed value of silage barley, crude protein, acid detergent fiber(ADF) and neutral detergent fiber(NDF) contents were analyzed. Crude protein and ADF contents were the highest at rotary tillage N150% plot as 9.7 and 29.4%, respectively. NDF contents was the highest at non-tillage+rice straw N150% plot as 56.7%. In conclusion, we recommend not to incinerate rice straw and to apply LPM at non-tillage status in cultivating the silage barley. This may prevent water pollution and increase barley yields.

벼 수확 후 돈분액비 시용 논에서 경운방법에 따른 청보리 재배시 생육 및 토양영향을 평가하고자 2004년 10월부터 2006년 5월까지 2년에 걸쳐 지산통에서 액비 무시용과 화학비료 표준시비량에 대한 N100%, 150%, 100+50%, 200%를 시용하고 무경운, 무경운 + 볏짚피복 및 로타리경운 후 휴립광산파 하였다. 토양화학성 변화, 토양 중 무기태질소 함량, 유거수 중 화학성분, 사료가치 및 수량성 등을 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 액비 시용 후 시간별 암모니아 가스 방출량은 액비 시용량이 많을수록 높았으며 볏짚피복 및 로타리 처리로 현저히 감소되는 경향을 나타냈다. 토양화학성 변화는 액비 시용량이 많을수록 pH, EC, CEC가 높아지고 유기물, 유효인산 및 치환성양 이온 함량이 증가되었으며, 무경운 + 볏짚피복구에서 크게 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 토양 중 $NH_4-N$, $NO_3-N$ 함량은 액비시용량이 많을수록, 무경운+볏짚 피복구 > 로타리경운구 > 무경운구 순으로 많았으며 수확기에는 낮아지는 경향을 나타냈다. 표면 유거수 중 무기성분 유실량은 무경운구 > 로타리경운구 > 무경운+볏짚피복구 순으로, 액비시용량이 많을수록 증가되었고 SO4, $NO_3-N$, K 성분이 많이 용탈되는 경향을 나타냈다. 청보리 건물수량은 무경운 N100%($1,185kg\;10a^{-1}$) 대비 무경운+볏짚피복구 N100%+50%, N200% 및 로타리경운구 N200%에서 49% 증수되었다. 청보리에 대한 사료가치 중 조단백질 함량은 로타리경운구 N150%가 9.7%, ADF 함량은 로타리경운구 N150%가 29.4%, NDF 함량은 무경운+볏짚피복구 N150%가 56.7%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 따라서 답리작 청보리 재배시 안전생산을 위한 돈분액비 시용량은 볏짚을 전량 환원 후 액비 기비N100%를 살포하고 로타리경운하여 1.5 m 간격으로 휴립광산파 재배하면 관행(NPK) 수준의 수량을 얻을 수 있으며 지하수 및 하천오염을 경감할 수 있다.

Keywords

References

  1. AOAC. 1990. Official method of analysis. 15th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Washington, D.C.
  2. Bernal and Kirchman. 1992. Carbon and nitrogen mineralization and ammonia volatilization from fresh, aerobically and anaerobically treated pig manure during incubation with soil. Biol. Fert. Soils 13: 135-141.
  3. Buchner, A., and H. Sturm. 1985. Gezielter dungen. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt(Main), 56-71.
  4. Choudhary, M., L.D. Bailey, and C.A. Grant. 1996. Review of the use of swine manure in crop production: Effects on yield and composition on soil and water quality. Waste. Manage. Res. 14: 581-595. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X9601400606
  5. Damodar, Reddy., A. Subba, and P.N. Takkar. 1999. Effects of repeated manure and fertilizer phosphorus additions on soil phosphorus dynamics under a soybean-wheat rotation. Biol Fertil. Soils. 28: 150-155. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003740050477
  6. Deutsch, A., and Puchwein. 1981. Nahrstoffgehalt von Jauche und Gulleproben aus Steirischen Rinder und Schweinehaltungsbetrieben. 7. Arbeitstagung Fragen der Gullerei. 549-567.
  7. Eghball, B., and J.F. Power. 1999. Phosphorus and nitrogen-based manure and compost application: corn production and soil phsphorus. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 63: 895-901. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1999.634895x
  8. Gilmour J. T., A. Mauromoustakos, P. M. Gale, and R.J. Norman. 1998. Kinetics of crop residue decomposition: variability among crops and years. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 62: 750-755. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1998.03615995006200030030x
  9. Goering, H.K., and Van Soest. 1970. Forage fiber analysis. Agric. Handbook 379, U.S. Gov. print. Office, Washinton, D.C.
  10. Herrenkind, J., and E. Wager. 1965. Superphosphateinstreu in Schwemmistbetrieben Nordbayems, Mitt. DLG. 80. 300-302.
  11. Jeon, W.T., H.M. Park, C.Y. Park, K.D. Park, Y.S. Cho, E.S. Yun, and U.G. Kang. 2003. Effects of liquid pig manure application on rice growth and environment of paddy soil. J. Korean Soc. Soil Sci. Fert. 36: 333-343.
  12. Kampf, R., E. Nohe, K. Petzoldt, and J. Sneyd. 1985. Feldfutterbau. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt(Main), 22-29.
  13. Kanazawa, S., and T. Yoneyama. 1980. Microbial degradation of 15N-labeled rice residues in soil during two years, incubation under flooded and upland conditions. II. Transformation of residue nitrogen. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. 26: 241-254. https://doi.org/10.1080/00380768.1980.10431207
  14. Kim, J.G., K.B. Lee, D.B. Lee, S.B. Lee, and S.Y. Na. 2004. Influence of liquid pig manure on rice growth and nutrient movement in paddy soil under different drainage conditions. J. Korean Soc. Soil Sci. Fert. 37: 97-103.
  15. Lauer, D.A., D.R. Bouldin, and S.D. Klausner. 1976. Ammonia volatilization from dairy manure spread on the soil surface. J. Environ. Qual. 5: 134-141 https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1976.00472425000500020005x
  16. Lee, S.B., J.G. Kim, K.B. Lee, D.B. Lee, and J.D. Kim. 2004. Decomposition of rice straw in paddy soil as affected by application of liquid pig mamure. J. Korean Soc. Soil Sci. Fert. 37: 104-108.
  17. Lim, Y.C., S.H. Yoon, J.G. Kim, W.H. Kim, M.G. Kim, J.S. Shin, E.S. Chung, J.K. Lee, D.E. Shin, J.H. Cho, W.B. Yook, and G.J. Park. 2003. Effect of application level of swine slurry on production and nutritive value of rye. J. Korean Grassl. Sci. 23: 293-298. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2003.23.4.293
  18. MAF. 2003. Statistical research annual report of agriculture and forestry. Ministry of Agriculture & Foresty. Seoul. Korea.
  19. NIAST. 1999. Solid and liquid composting of animal manure and its utilization. National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology. Suwon. Korea.
  20. NIAST. 2000. Methods for chemical analysis of soil and plant. National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology. Suwon. Korea.
  21. Park, B.K., J.S. Lee, N.J. Cho, and K.Y. Jung. 2001. Effect of liquid pig manure on growth of rice and infiltration water quality. J. Korean Soc. Soil Sci. Fert. 34: 153-157.
  22. Reddy, D.D., A.S. Roa, and T.R. Rupa. 2000. Effects of continuous use of cattle manure and fertilizer phosphorus on crop yield and soil organic phosphorus in a Vertisol. Bioresource Tech. 75: 113-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(00)00050-X
  23. RDA. 1995. Standard methods for agricultural experiment. Rural Development Administration. Suwon. Korea
  24. RDA. 2002. Guidelines for applying liquid livestock manure. Rural Development Administration. Suwon. Korea
  25. Shin, D.E., D.A. Kim, J.S. Shin, K.C. Song, J.K. Lee, S.H. Yun, W.H. Kim, and J.K. Kim. 1998. Studies on the slurry-application of witer rye(Secale cereale L) II. Effect of mineral content, nitrogen balance and environmental soil. J. Korean Grassl. Sci. 18:243-250.
  26. Shin, J.S., H.H. Lee, J.W. Ryoo, K.J. Choi, Y.W. Rim, W.H. Kim, K.Y. Kim, and K.J. Lee. 1999. Effect of swine manure seperated from its slurry on pasture productivity and soil chemical characteristics. J. Korean Anim. Sci. 41: 479-486.
  27. Sommer, S.G., J.E. Olsen, and B.T. Christensen. 1991. Effects of temperature, wind speed and air humidity on ammonia volatilization from surface applied cattle slurry. J. Agr. Sci. 117: 91-100. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859600079016
  28. Sung, K.I., B.J. Hong, and Y.C. Rhee. 1993. Sun curing effects and utilization of pig excreta as fertilizer. J. Korean Grassl. Sci. 13: 228-233.
  29. Vetter, H., and G. Steffens. 1986. Wirtschaftseigene Dungung. DLG-Verlag, Frankfurt(Main), 104-119.
  30. Yadav, R.L., B.S. Dwivedi, K. Prasad, and P.S. Pandey. 2000. Yield trends and changes in soil organic-C and available NPK in a longterm rice-wheat system under integrated use of manure and fertilizers. Field Crop. Res. 68: 219-246. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4290(00)00126-X
  31. 호남농업연구소. 2005. 조사료 자급률 향상과 영양적 가치. 작물과학원 호남농업연 구소. 익산
  32. 정이근, 박경배, 정광용, 박우균, 박홍재, 허 준. 1995. 가축분뇨 시용시 토양환경에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구. 농업과학기술원보고서. p 401-431.
  33. 환경부. 1999. 수질환경오염시험법. 동화기술교역. 서울. p 231-258.