Journal of Animal Science and Technology

Korean Society of Animal Sciences and Technology (한국축산학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Expression Profiles of Triacylglycerol Biosynthesis Genes on Fattening Stages in Hanwoo

한우 비육기간 중 중성지방 생합성 관련 유전자의 발현양상

  • Kim, Nam-Kuk (National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Sung-Kon (National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Heo, Kang-Nyeong (National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Yoon, Duhak (National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Chang-Soo (Dept. of Applied Biochemistry, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University) ;
  • Im, Seok-Ki (National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Park, Eung-Woo (National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 김남국 (농촌진흥청 축산과학원) ;
  • 김성곤 (농촌진흥청 축산과학원) ;
  • 허강녕 (농촌진흥청 축산과학원) ;
  • 윤두학 (농촌진흥청 축산과학원) ;
  • 이창수 (건국대학교 생명과학부 응용생화학전공) ;
  • 임석기 (농촌진흥청 축산과학원) ;
  • 박응우 (농촌진흥청 축산과학원)
  • Published : 2008.06.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Muscle fat content including intramuscular fat content(IMF) is the most important parameter in meat quality of cattle. Triacylglycerol is the major component of fat and is found in adipocyte and skeletal muscle. In present study, we carried out the determined of triacylglycerol contents and mRNA expression patterns of genes related with triacylglycerol biosynthesis such as ACSS2, GPAT, MGAT and DGAT in Hanwoo longissimus muscle using the real-time PCR. The triacylglycerol contents were continuously increased during the fattening stages. Interestingly, the contents of triacylglycerol were 7.4 fold higher(0.34 vs. 2.51, P<0.01) in 27 months old group than 12 months old group. The mRNA levels of ACSS2, GPAT and DGAT genes were also increased during fattening stages, whereas that of MGAT gene did not show difference among the stages. Thus, these results suggested that increasing of the triacylglycerol contents in longissimus muscle during fattening stages may be related with increased expressions of triacylglycerol biosynthesis genes(ACSS2, GPAT and DGAT). These results will be helpful to understand the mechanism of muscle fat deposition in skeletal muscle.

비육 기간 중 근육 내 지방 축적 및 관련 유전자 발현 양상을 확인하기 위하여, 등심 내 지방 및 중성지방 함량을 측정하고 중성지방 생합성 관련 유전자인 ACSS2, GPAT, MGAT 및 DGAT의 유전자 발현량을 real-time PCR법을 통하여 분석하였다. 근육 내 중성지방 함량은 20개월령 이후 급속히 증가됨을 보였고, 중성지방 함량의 증가와 함께 ACSS2, GPAT 및 DGAT 유전자의 발현이 증가됨을 확인하였다. 특히, 12개월령과 비교하여 ACSS2 유전자의 발현은 비육후기인 27개월령에서 7.3배, GPAT는 6.9배 증가되었다. 이러한 중성지방 함량의 증가와 중성지방 생합성 관련 유전자의 발현량 증가는 비육후기에 있어 고 에너지 사료 급여로 인한 지방산의 증가와, 증가된 지방산의 이용성 증대로 축적 형태인 중성지방 합성이 증가되는 것으로 판단되어 진다. 또한 중성지방 생합성 관련 유전자인 ACSS2, GPAT 및 DGAT 유전자의 발현증가는 근육 내 지방 축적과 밀접히 관련되어 있으며, 근내지방 축적과 관련되어 주요한 후보 유전자로 생각되어 진다.

Keywords

References

  1. Cases, S., Stone, S. J., Zhou, P., Yen, E., Tow, B., Lardizabal, K. D., Voelker, T. and Farese, R. V. Jr. 2001. Cloning of DGAT2, second mammalian diacylglycerol acyltransferase, and related family members. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 38870-38876 https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M106219200
  2. Chen, H. C., Smith, S. J., Ladha, Z., Jensen, D. R., Ferreira, L. D., Pulawa, L. K., McGuire, J. G., Pitas, R. E., Eckdl, R. H. and Farese, R. V. Jr. 2002. Increased insulin and leptin sensitivity in mice lacking acyl CoA:diacylglycerol acyltrans- ferase 1. J. Clin. Invest. 109:1049-55 https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI0214672
  3. Coleman, R. A., Lewin, T. M., Van Horn, C. G. and Gonzalez-Baro, M. R. 2002. Do long-chain acyl-Coa synthetases regulate fatty acid entry into synthetic versus degradative pathways? J. Nutr. 132:2123-2126
  4. .Coleman, R. A. and Lee, D. P. 2004. Enzymes of triacylglycerol synthesis and their regulation. Prog. Lipid Res. 43:134-176 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0163-7827(03)00051-1
  5. Folch, J., Lees, M. and Stanley, G. H. S. 1957. A simple method for isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J. Biol. Chem. 226:497-508
  6. Geay, Y., Bauchart, D., Hocquette, J. F. and Culioli, J. 2001. Effect of nutritional factors on biochemical, structural and metabolic characteristics of muscles in ruminants, consequences on dietetic value and sensorial qualities of meat. Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 41:1-26 https://doi.org/10.1051/rnd:2001108
  7. Griffin, M. E., Marcucci, M. J., Cline, G. W., Bell, K., Barucci, N., Lee, D., Goodyear, L. J., Kraegen, E. W., White, M. F. and Shulman, G. I. 1999. Free fatty acid-induced insulin resistance is associated with activation of protein kinase C $\Theta$ and alterations in the insulin signaling cascade. Diabetes 48:1270-1274 https://doi.org/10.2337/diabetes.48.6.1270
  8. Hammond. L. E., Neschen, S., Romanelli, A. J., Cline, G. W., Ilkayeva, O. R., Shulman, G. I., Muoio, D. M. and Coleman, R. A. 2005. Motochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase-1 is essential in liver for the metabolism of excess acyl-CoAs. J. Biol. Chem. 280:25629-25636 https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M503181200
  9. Hocquette, J. F., Richardson, R. I., Prache, S., Medale, F., Duffy, G. and Scollan, N. D. 2005. The future trends for research on quality and safety of animal products. Italian J. Anim. Sci. 4:49-72
  10. Hovenier, R., Kanis, E., Van Asseldink, T. and Westerink, N. G. 1993. Breeding for pig meat quality in halothane negative populations-a review. Pig News and Information, 14:17N-35N
  11. Jamdar, S. C. and Cao, W. F. 1992. Properties of monoglycerol acyltransferase in rat adipocytes. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 296:419-425 https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-9861(92)90592-K
  12. Jurie, C., Cassar-Malek, I., Bonnet, M., Leroux, C., Bauchart, D., Boulesteix, P., Pethick, D. W. and Hocquette, J. F. 2007. Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein and mitochondrial enzyme activities in muscles as relevant indicators of marbling in cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 85:2660-2669 https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2006-837
  13. Kazala, E. C., Petrak, J. L., Lozeman, F. J., Mir, P. S., Laroche, A., Deng, J. and Weselake, R. J. 2003. Hormone-sensitive lipase activity in relation to fat content of muscle in Wagyu hybrid cattle. Livest. Prod. Sci. 79:87-96 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-6226(02)00141-0
  14. Kiens, B. 2006. Skeletal muscle lipid metabolism in exercise and insulin resistance. Physiol. Rev. 86:205-243 https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00023.2004
  15. Lee, S. H., Park, E. W., Cho, Y. M., Kim, S. K., Lee, J. H., Jeon, J. T., Lee, C. S., Im, S. K., Oh, S. J., Thompson, J. M. and Yoon, D. H. 2007. Identification of differentially expressed genes related to intramuscular fat development in the early and late fattening stages of Hanwoo steers. J. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 40:757-764 https://doi.org/10.5483/BMBRep.2007.40.5.757
  16. Linden, D., William-Olsson, L., Rhedin, M., Asztely, A.-K., Clapham, J. C. and Schreyer, S. 2004. Overexpression of mitochondrial GPAT in rat hepatocytes leads to decreased fatty acid oxidation and increased glycerolipid biosynthesis. J. Lipid Res. 45:1279-1288 https://doi.org/10.1194/jlr.M400010-JLR200
  17. Mercade, A., Estelle, J., Perez-Enciso, M., Varona, L., Silio, L., Noguera, J. L., Sanchez, A. and Folch, J. M. 2006. Characterization of the porcine acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain 4 gene and its association with growth and meat quality traits. Amin. Genet. 37:219-224
  18. Middleton, C. K., Kazala, E. C., Lozeman, F. J. Hurly, T. A., Mir, P. S., Bailey, D. R. C., Jones, S. D. M. and Weselake, R. J. 1998. Evaluation of diacylglycerol acyltransferase as an indicator of intramuscular fat content in beef cattle. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 78:265-270 https://doi.org/10.4141/A97-096
  19. Moody, W. G. and Cassens, R. G. 1968. Histochemical differentiation of red white muscle fibers. J. Anim. Sci. 27:961-968 https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1968.274961x
  20. Nishimura, T., Hattori, A. and Takahashi, K. 1999. Structural changes in intramuscular connective tissue during the fattening of Japanese black cattle: effect of marbling on beef tenderization. J. Anim. Sci. 77:93-104
  21. Resen, E. D. 2005. The transcriptional basis of adipocyte development. Prostag. Leukotr. Ess. 73: 31-34 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plefa.2005.04.004
  22. Sone, H., Shimano, H., Sakakura, Y., Inoue, N., Amemiya-Kudo, M., Yahagi, N., Osawa, M., Suzuki, H., Yokoo, T., Takahashi, A., Ilda, K., Toyoshima, H., Iwama, A. and Yamada, N. 2001. Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase is a lipogenic enzyme controlled by SREBP-1 and energy status. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 282:E222-230
  23. Ssaki, Y., Nagai, K., Nagata, Y., Doronbekov, K., Nishimura, S., Yoshioka, S., Fujita, T., Shiga, K., Miyake, T., Taniguchi, Y. and Yamada, T. 2005. Exploration of genes showing intramuscular fat deposition-associated expression changes in musculus longissimus muscle. Anim. Genet. 37:40-46 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2052.2005.01380.x
  24. Tatum, J. D., Simth, G. C. and Carpenter, Z. L. 1982. Interrelationships between marbling, subcut- aneous fat thickness, and cooked beef palatability. J. Anim. Sci. 34:777-784
  25. Thaller, G., Kühn, C., Winter, A., Ewald, G., Bellmann, O., Wegner, J., Zühlke, H. and Fries, R. 2003. DGAT1, a new positional and functional candidate gene for intramuscular fat deposition in cattle. Anim. Genet. 34:354-357 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2052.2003.01011.x
  26. Wang, Y. H., Byrne, K. A., Reverter, A., Harper, G. S., Taniguchi, M., McWilliam, S. M., Mannen, H., Oyama, K. and Lehnert, S. A. 2005. Transcriptional profiling of skeletal muscle tissue from two breeds of cattle. Mamm. Genome 16: 201-210 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00335-004-2419-8
  27. Watkins, P. A., Maiguel, D., Jia, Z. and Pevsner, J. 2007. Evdence for 26 distinct acyl-coenzyme A synthetase genes in the human genome. J. Lipid Res. 48:2736-2750 https://doi.org/10.1194/jlr.M700378-JLR200
  28. Yu, Y. H. and Ginsberg, H. N. 2004. The role of acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) in energy metabolism. Ann. Med. 36:252-261 https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890410028429
  29. 이돈우, 김병기, 이상철. 1991. 조사료와 농후사료의 급여비율에 따른 반추위내 성상 및 소화율 변화. 한국영양사료학회지. 15:85-91
  30. 이승환, 박응우, 조용민, 김경훈, 오영균, 이지혜, 이창수, 오성종, 윤두학. 2006. 한우 비육 전.후기의 등심조직에 있어서 지방합성 유전자 발현. 한국동물자원과학회지. 48:345-352 https://doi.org/10.5187/JAST.2006.48.3.345

Cited by

  1. Association of Succinate Dehydrogenase and Triose Phosphate Isomerase Gene Expression with Intramuscular Fat Content in Loin Muscle of Korean (Hanwoo) Cattle vol.22, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2012.22.1.31
  2. Association of Heat Shock Protein Beta 1 (HSPB1) Gene Expression with Tenderness in Loin Muscle of Korean Cattle (Hanwoo) vol.22, pp.11, 2012, https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2012.22.11.1523