Effect of Temporary Loading of Nonylphenol on a Summer Planktonic Community in a Eutrophic Pond

  • 발행 : 2008.12.31

초록

Recent studies reveal one of the representative endocrine disrupters of nonylphenol affects on the composition of a planktonic community. Since nonylphenol is sometimes discharged into eutrophic waters, we monitored planktonic community composition of a eutrophic pond after receiving nonylphenol when cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa mainly dominated. The experiment was carried out two times using small-scale microcosms in a laboratory. In both two experiments, ciliate abundances significantly decreased when nonylphenol was added. On the seventh day, the ciliate abundances in $10{\mu}g\;L^{-1}$ added treatments decreased by 36.9% in the first experiment and 33.6% in the second, when compared to the control. The response of other planktonic groups was less obvious to nonylphenol addition. In particular, in the first experiment, Chl. b/Chl. $\alpha$ and Chl. c/Chl. $\alpha$ significantly increased with the addition of nonylphenol, while total Chl. $\alpha$ concentration did not change. Indeed, bacillariophyceae and chlorophyceae abundances tended to increase with nonylphenol dosing. From these results, we tentatively hypothesized that nonylphenolloading positively affects on abundances of edible phytoplankton such as Scenedesmus spp. and diatoms by releasing from grazing pressure due to decrease in ciliate abundances. The present study emphasizes that the indirect effect of endocrine disrupters should be paid more attention when freshwater resources are polluted by them.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Gray, M.A. and C.D. Metcalfe. 1997. Induction of testis-ova in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) exposed to p-nonylphenol. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 16: 203-218
  2. Giger, W., P.H. Brunner and C. Schaffner. 1984. 4- Nonylphenol in sewage sludge: accumulation of toxic metabolites from nonionic surfactants. Science 255: 623-625
  3. Hanazato, T. 1998a. Predator kairomones reduce tolerance of Daphnia to environmental stress and control their population dynamics: an indirect effect of predators. Verhandlungen Internationale Vereingungen Limnologie 26: 1941-1944
  4. Hanazato, T. 1998b. Response of a zooplankton community to insecticide application in experimental ponds: a review and the implications of the effects of chemicals on the structure and functioning of freshwater communities. Environ. Pollut. 101: 361-373 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0269-7491(98)00053-0
  5. Hanazato, T. 2001. Pesticide effects on freshwater zooplankton: an ecological perspective. Environ. Pollut. 112: 1-10 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0269-7491(00)00110-X
  6. Jeffrey, S.W. and G.F. Humphrey. 1975. New spectrophotometric equations for determining chlorophylls a, b, $c_1$, $c_2$ in higher plants, algae and natural phytoplankton. Biochem. Physiol. Pflanzen 167: 191-194 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0015-3796(17)30778-3
  7. Jobling, S., D. Casey, T. Rodgers-Gray, J. Oehlmannd, U. Schulte-Oehlmann, S. Pawlowski, T. Baunbeck, A.P. Turner and C.R. Tyler. 2004. Comparative responses of mollusks and fish to environmental estrogens and an estrogenic effluent. Aquat. Toxicol. 66: 207-222 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.01.002
  8. Kim, H.S., J.C. Park and S.J. Hwang. 2003. Dynamics of plankton and zooplankton of a shallow eutrophic lake (Lake Iigam). Korean Journal of Limnology 36: 286-294 (In Korean with English abstract)
  9. Kim, B.R., S. Nakano, B.H. Kim and M.S. Han. 2006. Grazing and growth of the heterotrophic flagellate Diphylleia rotans on the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 45: 163-170 https://doi.org/10.3354/ame045163
  10. Keith, T.L., S.A. Snyder, C.G. Naylor, C.A. Staples, C. Summer, K. Kannan and J.P. Giesy. 2001. Identification and quantification of nonylphenol ethoxylates and nonylphenol in fish tissues from Michigan. Environ. Sci. Technol. 35: 10-13 https://doi.org/10.1021/es001315h
  11. Lech, J.J., S.K. Lewis and L. Ren. 1996. In vivo estrogenic activity of nonylphenol in rainbow trout. Toxicol. Sci. 30: 229-232 https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/30.2.229
  12. Lee, J.H., B.H. Kim and M.S. Han. 2007. Effects of nonylphenol and diethylhexyl phthalate on the population growth of freshwater HABs, Microcystis and Stephanodiscus. Korean Journal of Limnology 38: 304-312 (In Korean with English abstract)
  13. Lee, J.H., H.O. Lee, B.H. Kim, T. Katano, S.O. Hwang, D.H. Kim and M.S. Han. 2007. Effects of nonylphenol on the population growth of algae, heterotrophic nanoflagellate and zooplankton. Korean Journal of Limnology 40: 379-386. (In Korean with English abstract)
  14. Li, D., M. Kim, W.J. Shim, U.H. Yim, J.R. Oh and Y.J. Kwon. 2004a. Seasonal flux of nonylphenol in Han River, Korea. Chemosphere 56: 1-6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.01.034
  15. Li, D., M. Kim, J.R. Oh and J. Park. 2004b. Distribution characteristics of nonylphenols in the artificial Lake Shihwa, and surrounding creeks in Korea. Chemosphere 56: 783-790 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.01.008
  16. Li, Z., D. Li, J.R. Oh and J.G. Je. 2004c. Seasonal and spatial distribution of nonylphenol in Shihwa Lake, Korea. Chemosphere 56: 611-618 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.04.022
  17. Li, D., M. Dong, W.J. Shim, U.H. Yim, S.H. Hong and N. Kannan. 2008. Distribution characteristics of nonylphenolic chemical in Masan Bay environments, Korea. Chemosphere 71: 1162-1172 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.10.023
  18. Freeger, J.W., K.R. Carman and R.M. Nisbet. 2003. Indirect effects of contaminants in aquatic ecosystems. The Science of the total Environment 317: 207-233 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00141-4
  19. Macial, H.S., A. Hagiwara and T.W. Snell. 2003. Estrogenic compounds affect development of harpacticoid copepod Tigriopus japonicus. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 22: 3025-3030 https://doi.org/10.1897/02-622
  20. Pierce, R.W. and J.T. Turner. 1992. Ecology of planktonic ciliates in marine food webs. Rev. Aquat. Sci. 6: 139-181
  21. Preston, B.L. 2002. Indirect effects in aquatic exotoxicology: implications for ecological risk assessment. Environ. Manage. 29: 311-323 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-001-0023-1
  22. Radix, P., G. Severin, K.W. Schramm and A. Kettrup. 2002. Reproduction disturbances of Brachionus calyciflorus (rotifer) for the screening of environmental endocrine disrupters. Chemosphere 47: 1097-1101 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(01)00335-6
  23. Wang, J., P. Xie and N. Guo. 2007. Effects of nonylphenol on the growth and microcystin production of Microcystis strains. Environ. Res. 103: 70-78 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2006.05.013
  24. Yadetie, F. and R. Male. 2002. Effects of 4-nonylphenol on gene expression of pituitary hormones in Juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Aquant. Toxicol. 58: 113-129 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-445X(01)00242-9