한국방재학회 논문집 (Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation)

  • 제7권4호
  • /
  • Pages.31-39
  • /
  • 2007
  • /
  • 1738-2424(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2287-6723(eISSN)
한국방재학회 (Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation)
권호 표지

재난 신화에 관한 분석

An Analysis of Disaster Mythology

  • 발행 : 2007.10.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

재난 신화란 "과학적으로 실시된 연구 결과를 통해서 잘못이라고 입증된, 재난 발생시 인간 행동에 관한 믿음"으로서, 이제까지 재난 연구자들은 무수한 재난 신화를 발견하였다. 491명을 대상으로 한 조사 결과를 보면, 우리나라에서도 공포, 약탈, 범죄, 대피, 무력감 등의 재난 신화에 대한 믿음이 널리 퍼져있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 또한 약탈을 제외하고 공무원들은 일반인들보다는 재난 신화를 믿는 비율이 낮은 것으로 분석되었다. 여성은 공포와 대피 신화를 믿는 비율이 높았고, 연령별로는 노인층이 대피와 무력 신화, 20대와 30대는 약탈 신화를 믿는 퍼센트가 높게 나타났으며, 방재 관련 부서에 근무한 경험이 있는 공무원들이 그렇지 않은 공무원들보다 공포, 약탈, 범죄 신화에 관한 믿음이 낮을 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이러한 결과는 효과적인 재난 계획을 수립하기 위해서는 재난 신화에 대한 연구가 선행 될 필요가 있음을 보여주고 있다.

Disaster mythology is "beliefs about human behavior in disaster that have been proven to be wrong through scientifically conducted research studies." Disaster researchers have discovered a series of disaster myths. The results of research survey based on 491 individuals confirm prior research representing widespread belief in disaster mythology such as panic, looting, crime, evacuation and lethargy. This study also indicates that, while high, the percentage of local government officials demonstrating belief in disaster myths was lower than the public except for looting. The probability of believing disaster myths was greater for individuals who were female (panic and evacuation), old (evacuation and lethargy), in their twenties and thirties (looting), and officials with disaster related work experience (panic, looting and crime). The results indicate the importance of understanding public belief to make effective emergency plans.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. 강릉시 (2006) 강릉시 2006년 통계연보
  2. 강릉시 (2007) 자연재난의 행동 표준화 MANUAL
  3. 권건주 (2007) 풍수해 발생시 기관별 역할 및 공조체제. 희망제작소 재난관리연구소 제3차 세미나. pp. 73-83
  4. 권혜선 (2006) 재난보도의 연성화 경향 연구: 고베지진과 태풍 카트리나 국내보도 비교. 석사학위논문, 고려대학교
  5. 김만재 (2005) 자연재난 보도의 특성 분석: 태풍 루사의 사례 연구. 한국방재학회논문집, 한국방재학회, 제5권, 제3호, pp. 1-9
  6. 이동호, 김성호 (2006) 엑셀을 활용한 현대통계학. 서울경제경영
  7. 이영우 (2005) 침수지역 주민의 피난대응과 최적의 정보전달체계에 관한 연구. 석사학위논문, 삼척대학교
  8. American Red Cross (1992) Community disaster education guide. American National Red Cross, Washington, D.C.
  9. Barton, A.H. (1970) Communities in disaster. Anchor, New York
  10. Cornwell, B., Harmon, W., Mason, M., Merz, B. and Lampe, M. (2001) Panic or Situational Constraints? The Case of the M/V Estonia. International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 5-25
  11. CNN. (2005) New Orleans Will Force Evacuations. September 7, 2005. (www.cnn.com/2005/US/09/06/katrina.impact/)
  12. Drabek, T.E. (1986) Human system responses to disaster: an inventory of sociological findings. Springer, New York
  13. Drabek, T.E. (1996) Social dimensions of disaster. FEMA instructor guide. FEMA Management Institute, Emmitsburg
  14. Drabek, T.E. (2000) Pattern Differences in Disaster-Induced Employee Evacuations. International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 289-315
  15. Drabek, T.E., Tamminga, H.L., Kilijanek, T.S. and Adams, C.R. (1981) Managing multiorganizational emergency responses: emergent search and rescue networks in natural disasters and remote area settings. Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado
  16. Dynes, R., Quarantelli, E.L. and Kreps, G.A. (1981) A perspective on disaster planning. Disaster Research Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
  17. Fischer, H.W.III. (1998) Response to disaster: fact versus fiction and its perpetuation-s ociology of disaster. University Press of America Inc., Lanham, Maryland
  18. Fritz, C.E. and Marks, E.S. (1954) The NORC Studies of Human Behavior in Disaster. The Journal of Social Issues Vol. 10, pp. 26-41 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1954.tb01996.x
  19. Goltz, J.D. (1984) Are the News Media Responsible for the Disaster Myths? A Content Analysis of Emergency Response Imagery. International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters Vol. 2, pp. 345-368
  20. Peacock, W.G., Morrow, B.H. and Gladwin, H. (1997) Hurricane Andrew: ethnicity, gender and the sociology of disasters. Routledge, London and New York
  21. Quarantelli, E.L. (1960) Images of Withdrawal Behavior in Disasters: Some Basic Misconceptions. Social Problems, Vol. 8, pp. 68-79 https://doi.org/10.1525/sp.1960.8.1.03a00080
  22. Quarantelli, E.L. (1985) Realities and Mythologies in Disaster Films. Communications II, pp. 31-44
  23. Quarantelli, E.L. (1987) Disaster Studies: An Analysis of the Social historical Factors Affecting the Development of Research in the Area. International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters, Vol. 5, pp. 285-310
  24. Quarantelli, E.L. (1994) Looting and antisocial behavior in disasters. Preliminary Paper #205. Disaster Research Center, University of Delaware
  25. Quarantelli, E.L. and Dynes, R.R. (1972) Images of disaster behavior: myths and consequences. Working Paper #37. Disaster Research Center, The Ohio State University
  26. Reckdahl, K. (2006) Do You Know What It Means to Myth New Orleans? Independent weekly, Aug 23 2006
  27. Rottman, S.J. (2000) Individual and community disaster education course. FEMA instructor guide. FEMA Management Institute, Emmitsburg
  28. Scanlon, T.J. (1988) Disaster's Little Known Pioneer: Canada's Samuel Henry Prince. International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters. Vol. 6, pp. 213-232
  29. Schoch-Spana, M. (2005) Public Responses to Extreme Events: Top 5 Disaster Myths. Resources for the future first wednesday seminar. Homeland Security, the Environment, and the Public
  30. Tierney, K.J., Bevc, C. and Kuligowski, E. (2006) Metaphors Matter: Disaster Myths, Media Frames and Their Consequences in Hurricane Katrina. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. Vol. 604, No. 1, pp. 57-81 https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716205285589
  31. Wenger, D.E., Dykes, J.D., Sebok, T.D. and Neff, J.L. (1975) It' s a Matter of Myths: An Empirical Examination of Individual Insight Into Disaster Response. Mass Emergencies, Vol. 1, pp. 33-46
  32. Wenger, D.E. and Friedman, B. (1986) Local and National Media Coverage of Disaster: A Content Analysis of the Print Media's Treatment of Disaster Myths. International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters, Vol. 4, pp. 27-50