참고문헌
- Alexander, C.P. 1919. The crane-flies of New York. Pt. 1. Distribution and taxonomy of the adult flies. Mem. Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Sta. 25: 765-993
- Alexander, C.P. 1920. The crane-flies of New York. Pt. 2. Biology and phylogeny. Mem. Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Sta. 38: 691-1133
- Alexander, C.P. Byers, G.W. 1981. Tipulidae. In McAlpine, J. F. et al., eds., Manual of Nearctic Diptera. Hull, Quebec: Agr. Canada. 1: 153-190
- Barnes, H.F. 1937. Methods of investigating the bionomics of the common cranefly, Tipula paludosa Meigen, together with some results. Ann. Appl. Biol. 24: 256-268
- Binns, E.S. 1975. Post emergence aggregation and mating in Tipula paludosa Mg. (Dipt., Tipulidae). Entomol. Mon. Mag. 111: 93-96
- Brittain, J.E. and A. Lillehammer. 1978. The fauna of the exposed zone of ovre Heimdalsvatn: Methods, sampling stations and general results. Holarct. Ecol. 1: 221-228
- Byers, G.W. 1961. The crane fly genus Dolichopeza in North America. Univ. Kans. Sci. Bull. 42: 665-924 https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.9822
- Byers, G.W. 1982. The crane fly genus Chionea in North America. Univ. Kans. Sci. Bull. 52
- Coulson, J.C. 1962. The biology of Tipula subnodicornis Zetterstedt with comparative observations on Tipula paludosa Meigen. J. Anim. Ecol. 31: 1-21 https://doi.org/10.2307/2329
- Cuthbertson, A. 1929. The mating habits and oviposition of craneflies. Entomol. Mon. Mag. 65: 141-145
- Dahl, C. 1980. Comparison of postembryonic organization of the genital segments in Trichoceridae, Tipulidae, and Anisopodidae (Diptera, Nematocera). Zool. Sci. 9: 165-186 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6409.1980.tb00662.x
- Freeman, B.E. 1964. A population study of Tipula species (Diptera, Tipulidae). J. Anim. Ecol. 33: 129-140 https://doi.org/10.2307/2353
- Freeman, B.E. 1968. Studies on the ecology of adult Tipulidae (Diptera) in southern England. J. Anim. Ecol. 339-362
- Hadley, M. 1969. The adult biology of the crane-fly Molophilus ater Meigen. J. Anim. Ecol. 38: 765-790 https://doi.org/10.2307/3046
- Hall, H.A. and G. Pritchard. 1975. The food of larvae of Tipula sacra Alexander in a series of abandoned beaver ponds (Diptera: Tipulidae). J. Anim. Ecol. 44: 55-66 https://doi.org/10.2307/3851
- Hemmingsen, A.M. 1952. The oviposition of some crane-fly species (Tipulidae) from different types of localities. Vidensk. Medd. Dan. Naturhist. Foren. Khobenhavn. 114: 365-430
- Hemmingsen, A.M. 1965. Deep-boring ovipository instincts of some crane-fly speecies (Tipulidae) of the subgenera Vestiplex Bezzi and Oreomyza Pok. and some associated phenomena. Vidensk. Medd. Naturhist. Foren. Kjobenhavn. 118: 243-315
- Hofsvang, T. 1972. Tipula excisa Schum. (Diptera, Tipuldae), life cycle and population dynamics. Nor. Entomol. Tidsskr. 19: 43-48
- Hofsvang, T. 1973. Energy flow in Tipula excisa Schum. (Diptera, Tipulidae) in a high mountain area, Finse, south Norway. Norw. J. Entomol. 21: 7-16
- Jackson, D.M. R. L. Campbell. 1975. Biology of the European crane fly, Tipula paludosa Meigen, in western Washington (Tipulidae; Diptera). Coll. Agr. Res. Stn. Wash. State Univ. Tech. Bull. 81: 1-23
- Kim, D.S. and J.E. Lee. 2005. Life cycle of Tipula latemarginata Alexander (Diptera: Tipulidae) in Korea. Korean J. Appl. Entomol. 44(2): 109-114
- Knab, F. 1910. The feeding-habits of Geranomyia. Ent. Soc. Washington. Proc. 12: 61-65
- Laughlin, R. 1958. The rearing of crane flies (Tipulidae). Ent. exp. and appl. 1: 241-245 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00302672
- Laughlin, R. 1960. Biology of Tipula oleracea L.: Growth of the larva. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 3: 185-197 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00301504
- Laughlin, R. 1967. Biology of Tipula paludosa; growth of the larva in the field. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 10: 52-68 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.1967.tb00044.x
- Lovibond, B. 1937. Investigations on the control of leatheIjackets. (3) Some results of breeding and sampling experiments during the current season. J. Board Greenkeeping Res. (Brit. Golf Un.). 5: 107-112
- Maercks, H. 1939. Untersuchungen zur Biologie und Bekampfung schadlicher Tipuliden. Arb. Physiol. Angew. Entomol. 6: 222-257
- Merritt, R.W. and D.L. Lawson. 1981. Adult emergence patterns and species distribution and abundance of Tipulidae in three woodland floodplains. Environ. Entomol. 10: 915-921 https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/10.6.915
- Neumann, H. 1958. Der Bau und die Funktion der mannlichen Genitalapparate von Trichocera annulata Meig. und Tipula paludosa Meig. (Dipt. Nematocera). Deut. Entomol. Z. (N. S.). 5: 235-298
- Oldroyd, J.N. 1964. The natural history of flies. W.W. Norton Co., New York. 324 pp
- Peus, F. 1952. Cylindrotomidae. in Die Fliegen der Palearktischen Region, ed. E. Lindner. 17: 1-80
- Pritchard, G. 1976. Growth and development of larvae and adults of Tipula sacra Alexander (Insecta: Diptera) in a series of abandoned beaver ponds. Can. J. Zool. 54: 266-284 https://doi.org/10.1139/z76-030
- Pritchard, G. 1983. Biology of Tipulidae. Ann. Rev. Entomol. 28: 1-22 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.en.28.010183.000245
- Pritchard, G. and H.A. Hall. 1971. An introduction to the biology of craneflies in a series of abandoned beaver ponds, with an account of the life cycle of Tipula sacra Alexander (Diptera; Tipulidae). Can. J. Zool. 49: 467-482 https://doi.org/10.1139/z71-072
- Rennie, J. 1916. On the biology and economic significance of Tipula paludosa. Part I. Mating and oviposition. Ann. Appl. Biol. 2: 235-240 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1916.tb05440.x
- Rennie, J. 1917. On the biology and economic significance of Tipula paludosa. Part II. Hatching, growth and habits of larva. Ann. Appl. Biol. 3: 116-137 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1917.tb05873.x
- Rogers, J.S. 1933. The ecological distribution of the crane-flies of northern Florida. Ecol. Monogr. 3: 1-74 https://doi.org/10.2307/1943031
- Savtchenko, E.N. 1954. On characteristics differentiating larvae of the most common species of crane flies (Diptera, Tipulidae). Zool. Zh. 33: 616-636
- Sellke, K. 1936. Biologische und morphologische Studien an schadlichen Wiesenschnaken (Tipulidae, Dipt.). Z. Wiss. Zool. 148: 465-555
- Sellke, K. 1937. Beobachtungen uber die Bekampfung von Wiesenschnakenlarven (Tipula paludosa Meigen und T. czizeki de long). Z. Angew. Entomol. 24: 277-284 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1938.tb00464.x
- Standen, V. 1978. The influence of soil fauna on decomposition by microorganisms in blanket bog litter. J. Anim. Ecol. 47: 25-38 https://doi.org/10.2307/3920
- Stebaev, I.V. 1958. Role of the soil invertebrates in the development of microflora in the soil of the subarctic (as exemplified by the larvae of Tipulidae, Diptera). Proc. Acad. Sci. USSR Sect. Biol. Sci. 122: 741-743
- Stich, H.F. 1963. An experimental analysis of the courtship pattern of Tipula oleracea (Diptera). Can. J. Zool., 41: 99-109 https://doi.org/10.1139/z63-011
- Traynier, R.M.M. and D.J. Burton. 1970. Male response to females in the marsh crane fly, Tipula paludosa Mg. (Diptera: Tipulidae). J. Entomol. Soc. Brit. Columbia. 67: 21-22
- White, J.H. 1951. Observation on the life history and biology of Tipula laterflis Meig. Ann. Appl. Biol. 38: 847-858 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1951.tb07855.x