The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences (한국통신학회논문지)

The Korean Institute of Commucations and Information Sciences (한국통신학회)
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A Blind Watermarking for 3-D Mesh Sequence Using Temporal Wavelet Transform of Vertex Norms

꼭지점 좌표 벡터 크기값의 시간축 웨이블릿 변환을 이용한 3차원 메쉬 시퀀스의 블라인드 워터마킹

  • 김민수 (영남대학교 정보통신공학과 대학원 멀티미디어 신호처리 연구실) ;
  • 조재원 (영남대학교 정보통신공학과 대학원 멀티미디어 신호처리 연구실) ;
  • ;
  • 정호열 (영남대학교 정보통신공학과 대학원 멀티미디어 신호처리 연구실)
  • Published : 2007.03.31
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Abstract

In this paper, we present a watermarking method for 3-D mesh sequences. The main idea is to transform vertex norm with the identical connectivity index along temporal axis using wavelet transform and modify the distribution of wavelet coefficients in temporally high (or middle) frequency frames according to watermark bit to be embedded. All vertices are divided into groups, namely bin, using the distribution of coefficients in low frequency frames. As the vertices with the identical connectivity index over whole frames belong to one bin, their wavelet coefficients are also assigned into the same bin. Then, the watermark is embedded into the wavelet coefficients of vertex norm. Due to the use of the distribution, our method can retrieve the hidden watermark without any information about original mesh sequences in the process of watermark detection. Through simulations, we show that the proposed is flirty robust against various attacks that are probably concerned in copyright protection of 3-D mesh sequences.

본 논문에서는 3차원 메쉬 시퀀스의 워터마킹 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법은 연결성 정보가 일정한 동형 메쉬 시퀀스의 각 꼭지점 좌표 벡터 크기 값을 시간축 웨이블릿 변환하고, 삽입하고자 하는 워터마크에 따라 고주파수(혹은 중간 주파수) 대역의 웨이블릿 계수의 확률 분포를 수정한다. 이 때, 저주파수 대역의 계수값을 참조하여 고주파수(혹은 중간 주파수 대역의 계수값을 복수개의 그룹(bin)으로 분할하고, 각 bin의 2차 모멘트를 변화시키는 방법으로 한 비트의 워터마크를 삽입한다. 동형 메쉬 시퀀스의 경우 한 그룹에 속한 꼭지점 좌표 크기의 웨이블릿 계수값 또한 같은 그룹에 할당되며, 워터마크는 이 웨이블릿 계수에 삽입된다. 제안된 방법은 신호의 확률 분포를 이용하기 때문에 일반적인 신호처리 변형에 강인할 뿐만 아니라, 워터마크 검출 시 원본이 없이도 삽입된 워터마크를 검출할 수 있다. 다양한 신호처리 공격 실험을 통해 제안된 방법의 유효성을 확인한다.

Keywords

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