Clinical Charicteristics of Primary Lung Cancer Patients in a Tertiary Hospital

3차 의료기관에서 진단된 원발성 폐암의 임상적 특성

  • Ryu, Jeong-Seon (Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Inha University) ;
  • Lee, Hun-Jae (Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Inha University) ;
  • Leem, Jong-Han (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Inha University) ;
  • Kim, Lucia (Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Inha University) ;
  • Lee, Kyung-Hee (Department of Diagnostic Radiology, College of Medicine, Inha University) ;
  • Cho, Jae-Hwa (Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Inha University) ;
  • Yoon, Young-Han (Department of Chest Surgery, College of Medicine, Inha University) ;
  • Kwak, Seung-Min (Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Inha University) ;
  • Lee, Hong-Lyeol (Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Inha University) ;
  • Kim, Kwang-Ho (Department of Chest Surgery, College of Medicine, Inha University) ;
  • Loh, John-Kyu (Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, Inha University) ;
  • Jung, Soo-Kyung (Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Inha University)
  • 류정선 (인하대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 이훈재 (인하대학교 의과대학 사회의학교실) ;
  • 임종한 (인하대학교 의과대학 산업의학교실) ;
  • 김루시아 (인하대학교 의과대학 병리학교실) ;
  • 이경희 (인하대학교 의과대학 진단방사선학교실) ;
  • 조재화 (인하대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 윤용한 (인하대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 곽승민 (인하대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 이홍렬 (인하대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
  • 김광호 (인하대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 노준규 (인하대학교 의과대학 방사선종양학교실) ;
  • 정수경 (인하대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소)
  • Received : 2006.01.17
  • Accepted : 2006.03.22
  • Published : 2006.03.30

Abstract

Background : To evaluate the clinical characteristics of lung cancer patients in Korea, where there is a higher number of smokers than in Western countries. Methods : A retrospective study was performed on 1655 lung cancer patients, who were diagnosed at a university hospital between September 1996 and August 2005. Age, gender, cell types and clinical stage were analysed. Of 941 patients, who responded to a questionnaire at the time of diagnosis, the smoking habits, occupational history, family history of lung cancer in the first-degree relatives, coexisting diseases (diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease), body weight loss, ECOG performance status and presenting symptoms, were examined prospectively. In addition, coexisting diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and active pulmonary tuberculosis were evaluated. Results : Of the 1655 patients, the male to females ratio was 3.6. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common cancer whereas adenocarcinoma was more common in lifetime nonsmokers or women. 19.9% of the patients were non smokers and 80.1% ever smokers. Since 2000, there was an increase in the incidence of adenocarcinoma with a corresponding decrease in the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma. 6.2% of patients were asymptomatic. A coincident diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, active pulmonary tuberculosis, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis was made in: 44.1%, 22.2%, 10.7%, 3.9%, and 1.6% of patients, respectively. A positive family history of lung cancer in the first-degree relatives was identified in 4.4% of patients. An occupational history relevant to lung cancer was identified in 12.2% of patients. Conclusion : There is a high proportion of cigarette smokers in Korean lung cancer patients. The most common cell type was squamous cell carcinoma. However, a more detailed, prospective study of the clinical characteristics will be needed to better characterize lung cancer in Korea.

연구 배경: 폐암은 2000년에 들어와 우리나라 암 사망 원인 질환 중 1위가 되었으며, 아직 뚜렷한 생존기간의 향상이 없는 예후가 불량한 암이다. 최근 표적 치료제 개발에 따른 후속 연구 및 흡연이 폐암 발병에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구들에서 인종 간 유전적 특성의 차이, 생활환경이 미치는 영향 등이 부각되기도 하였다. 우리나라 폐암 환자의 임상적 특성에 대한 연구는 아직 미흡한 실정이다. 저자 등은 단일 3차 의료기관에서 지난 9년간 확진된 폐암 환자의 임상적 특성을 알아보고자 한다. 방 법: 1996년 9월부터 2005년 8월까지 9년간 본원에 입원하여 폐암으로 진단을 받았던 1655예의 환자를 대상으로 연구하였다. 모든 대상 환자에 있어서 연령, 성별, 세포형, 임상적 병기를 분석하였다. 폐암 진단 당시 설문에 응답하였던 941예의 환자를 대상으로 폐암 가족력, 직업, 흡연력, 임상 증상, 체중감소, 수행상태 등을 조사하였다. 진단 당시 동반 질환으로 당뇨, 고혈압을 포함한 심장혈관질환, 만성폐쇄성폐질환, 특발성 폐섬유화증 및 활동성 폐결핵 등을 조사하였다. 결 과:전체 연구대상 폐암 환자의 남여 성비는 3.6:1 이었다. 세포형은 편평상피세포암이 제일 흔하였고, 여자에서는 선암이 흔한 세포형이었다. 흡연력이 있었던 경우가 80.1%이었고 비흡연자는 19.9%이었다. 여자 72.3%가 비흡연자 이었다. 비흡연자에서는 남여 모두 선암이 제일 흔한 세포형이었고, 흡연력이 있는 환자에서는 편평상피세포암이 흔하였다. 1996년부터 2000년까지와 2001년부터 2005년까지 두 단위 기간으로 나누어 보았을 때, 비소세포폐암 중 선암이 차지하는 빈도의 증가(29.5%에서 33.7%로)추세와 편평상피세포암의 감소(49.9%에서 41.8%로) 추세를 확인할 수 있었다. 환자 중 무증상은 6.2%에서 관찰되었고 흔한 증상으로는 기침, 객담, 호흡곤란 등 순 이었다. 동반 질환으로 만성폐쇄성폐질환, 심장 혈관 질환, 당뇨, 결핵, 특발성 폐섬유화증은 각각 44.1%, 22.2%, 10.7%, 3.9%, 1.6%에서 관찰되었다. 부모, 형제, 자매 중 폐암 가족력이 있었던 환자는 4.4% 이었고, 환자 직업력이 폐암 발병과 관련성이 있을 것으로 추정된 경우는 12.2%이었다. 결 론: 우리나라 폐암 환자에서 높은 흡연율이 관찰되었고 아직 편평상피세포암이 제일 흔한 세포형 이었다. 향후 우리나라 폐암 환자의 임상적 특성에 대한 보다 세밀한 조사가 필요하겠다.

Keywords

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