Journal of Chest Surgery

The Korean Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (대한심장혈관흉부외과학회)
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Risk Factor Analysis for Spinal Cord and Brain Damage after Surgery of Descending Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aorta

하행 흉부 및 흉복부 대동맥 수술 후 척수 손상과 뇌손상 위험인자 분석

  • Kim Jae-Hyun (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospital, Sejong Heart Institute) ;
  • Oh Sam-Sae (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospital, Sejong Heart Institute) ;
  • Baek Man-Jong (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospital, Sejong Heart Institute) ;
  • Jung Sung-Cheol (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospital, Sejong Heart Institute) ;
  • Kim Chong-Whan (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospital, Sejong Heart Institute) ;
  • Na Chan-Young (Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospital, Sejong Heart Institute)
  • 김재현 (부천세종병원 흉부외과, 심장연구소) ;
  • 오삼세 (부천세종병원 흉부외과, 심장연구소) ;
  • 백만종 (부천세종병원 흉부외과, 심장연구소) ;
  • 정성철 (부천세종병원 흉부외과, 심장연구소) ;
  • 김종환 (부천세종병원 흉부외과, 심장연구소) ;
  • 나찬영 (부천세종병원 흉부외과, 심장연구소)
  • Published : 2006.06.01
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Abstract

Background: Surgery of descending thoracic or thoracoabdominal aorta has the potential risk of causing neurological injury including spinal cord damage. This study was designed to find out the risk factors leading to spinal cord and brain damage after surgery of descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aorta. Material and Method: Between October 1995 and July 2005, thirty three patients with descending thoracic or thoracoabdominal aortic disease underwent resection and graft replacement of the involved aortic segments. We reviewed these patients retrospectively. There were 23 descending thoracic aortic diseases and 10 thoracoabdominal aortic diseases. As an etiology, there were 23 aortic dissections and 10 aortic aneurysms. Preoperative and perioperative variables were analyzed univariately and multivariately to identify risk factors of neurological injury. Result: Paraplegia occurred in 2 (6.1%) patients and permanent in one. There were 7 brain damages (21%), among them, 4 were permanent damages. As risk factors of spinal cord damage, Crawford type II III(p=0.011) and intercostal artery anastomosis (p=0.040) were statistically significant. Cardiopulmonary bypass time more than 200 minutes (p=0.023), left atrial vent catheter insertion (p=0.005) were statistically significant as risk factors of brain damage. Left heart partial bypass (LHPB) was statistically significant as a protecting factor of brain (p=0.032). Conclusion: The incidence of brain damage was higher than that of spinal cord damage after surgery of descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aorta. There was no brain damage in LHPB group. LHPB was advantageous in protecting brain from postoperative brain injury. Adjunctive procedures to protect spinal cord is needed and vigilant attention should be paid in patients with Crawford type II III and patients who have patent intercostal arteries.

서론: 하행 흥부 대동맥 및 흉복부 대동맥 수술은 척수 손상을 포함한 신경학적 손상의 가능성이 높은 수술로서 이에 대한 상당한 주의를 요한다. 이 연구의 목적은 하행 흉부 대동맥 및 흉복부 대동맥 수술 후의 척수 손상과 뇌 손상의 발생빈도와 위험요소를 알아봄으로써 신경학적 손상을 예방하는데 기여하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 1995년 10월부터 2005년 7월까지 하행 흉부 대동맥 및 흉복부 대동맥 수술을 시행 받은 33명의 환자를 후향적으로 분석하였다. 하행 흉부 대동맥 수술은 23예, 흉복부 대동맥 수술은 10예였고, 원인 질환으로는 대동맥 박리증이 23예, 대동맥류가 10예였다. 신경학적 손상에 대한 위험인자를 알아내기 위해 수술 전 및 수술 중 변수에 대한 단변량 및 다변량 분석을 시행하였다. 결과: 하지마비가 2예(6.1%)에서 발생하였고 이 중 1예는 영구적 손상이었다. 뇌 손상은 7예 (21%)에서 발생하였고 영구적 뇌 손상은 4예(12%), 일시적 뇌 손상은 3예 발생하였다 척수 손상에 대한 위험인자로는 흉복부 대동맥질환 분류의 Crawford II III형(p=0.011)과 늑간 동맥 문합을 시행한 환자군(p=0.040)으로 나타났다. 뇌 손상에 대한 위험인자로는 심폐기 가동시간이 200분 이상(p=0.023), 좌심방 vent를 시행한 환자군(p=0.005)으로 나타났으며 좌심실 부분 바이패스(left heart partial bypass)는 뇌 손상을 예방하는 인자로서 의미 있게 나타났다(p=0.032). 결론: 하행 흥부 대동맥 및 흉복부 대동맥 수술 후에 발생하는 신경학적 손상 중에서 뇌 손상의 발생빈도가 척수 손상에 비해 높았다. 좌심실 부분 바이패스를 시행한 군에서는 뇌 손상이 발생하지 않았으며 뇌 보호 측면에서 유리한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 척수 손상의 위험이 높은 Crawford II III형 환자나 늑간 동맥 문합이 필요한 환자들에서는 척수 보호를 위한 별도의 조치와 세심한 주의가 필요하다.

Keywords

References

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