Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회지)

The Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회)
권호 표지

The Impact of Landscape Type on Urban Office Workers' Stress and Cognitive Performance - Comparison between Natural and Urban Landscape -

경관유형이 도시사무직 근로자의 스트레스와 인지수행에 미치는 영향 -자연경관과 도시경관과의 비교를 중심으로-

  • Yi Young-Kyoung (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Dongguk University) ;
  • Yi Pyong-In (Dept. of Environmental Engineering, Miryang National University)
  • Published : 2006.02.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of natural landscapes in the context of work environments. The study examined the impact of natural landscapes on urban office workers' stress reduction and cognitive performance, using physiological, psychological, and cognitive measures. One-hundred-twenty urban office workers participated in the experiments. The physiological measures used were GSR (galvanic skin response) and IBI (interbeat interval), and the psychological measure was ZIPERS (Zucherman Inventory of Personal Reactions). Cognitive performance was measured using a mental arithmetic test that had been developed by a pretest. The results from the physiological, psychological, and cognitive measures converged to indicate that the natural landscape had more beneficial effects in relieving both psychological and physiological stress and in enhancing cognitive performance of the of office workers than the city landscape. The results suggest wide applications in the fields of workers' well-being and landscape research. First, the results can provide reliable information for promoting natural landscaping in work places in order to relieve worker stress and enhance cognitive performance. Second, the results provide an example for future empirical landscape research using multiple measurements, such as psychological, physiological, and cognitive tests. Third, they can foster experimental research to investigate the relationship between stress reduction and natural landscapes.

Keywords

References

  1. 김대환, 김휘동(2002) 남성 사무직 근로자들의 스트레스와 관련된 사회인구학적 특성과 생활습관. 보건교육.건강증진학회지 19(2): 45-55
  2. 박경옥(2004) 작업환경 및 근무조건 특성과 제조업 근로자의 스트레스 증상 간의 관련성. 한국환경보건학회지 30(3): 272-282
  3. 신원섭, 김재준, 김외정, 유리화, 이병두(2003) 도시림이 직장인의 직무만족과 스트레스에 미치는 영향. 한국임학회지 92(1) : 92-99
  4. 이강숙(2000) 사업장 내에서의 근로자들의 스트레스 극복전략 수립 및 실천적 기법 개발에 관한 연구. 서울: 한국산업안전공단 산업안전보건연구원
  5. 이명선(2002) 작업환경과 조건이 근로자의 스트레스에 미치는 영향. 보건교육 . 건강증진학회지 19(3): 107-120
  6. 이영경(2003) 심리적 . 생리적 측정에 근거한 산림경관의 스트레스 완화 효과. 한국조경학회지 31(2): 70-82
  7. 이영경(2004) 자연경관의 특질분석: 자연성에 대한 조경전문가와 일반인의 평가를 중심으로. 한국조경학회지 31(6): 1-14
  8. 최수찬(2003) 직장인 스트레스 감소전략의 모색 : 근로자 원조 프로그램을 중심으로. 연세사회복지연구 19: 155-178
  9. Cozby, P. C. (1989) Methods in Behavioral Research. California: Mayfield Publishing
  10. Dawson, M. E. A. M. Schell, and D. L. Fillon(1990) The electrodermal system. In J. Cacioppo and L. F. Tassinary, eds., Principles of Psychophysiology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp, 295-324
  11. Hartig, T. A. (1993) Testing Restorative Environments Theory. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. University of California, Irvine
  12. Hartig, T. A., M. Mang, and G. W. Evans(1991) Restorative effects of natural environment experience. Environment and Behavior 23: 3-26 https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916591231001
  13. Heerwagen, J. and G. H. Orians(1986) Adaptations to windowlessness: a study of the use of visual decor in windowed and windowless offices. Environment and Behavior 18: 623-639 https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916586185003
  14. Horsbrough, P.(1972) Human-plant proxirnities. Indiana Nursery News 33: 1-4
  15. Hull, R. B. and S. E. Michael (1995) Nature-based recreation, mood change, and stress restoration. Leisure Science 17 : 1-14 https://doi.org/10.1080/01490409509513239
  16. Isen, A. M., K. A. Daubman, G. P. Nowicki, and P. Gary (1987) Positive affect facilitates creative problem solving. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 52(6): 1122-1131 https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.52.6.1122
  17. Kaplan, R.(1983) The role of nature in the urban context. In I. Altman and F. J. Wohlwill, eds., Behavior and the Natural Environment. New York: Plenum Press. pp. 127-161
  18. Kaplan, R. and S. Kaplan(1989) The Experience of Nature: a Psychological Perspective. New York: Cambridge University Press
  19. Lacey. J. I. and B. C. Lacey(1970) Some autonomic-central nervous system interrelationships. In P. Black, ed., Physiological Correlates of Emotion. New York: Academic Press. pp. 205-227
  20. Lewis, C. A.(1972) Public Housing Garden. USDA Yearbook of Agriculture. Washington, D.C
  21. Parsons, R. (1991) Recovery from Stress during Exposure to Videotaped Outdoor Environments. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. University of Arizona. Tucson
  22. Parsons, R., L. G. Tassinary, R. S. Ulrich, M. R. Hebl, and M. Grossman-Alexander(1998) The view from the road: implication for stress recovery and immunization. Journal of Environmental Psychology 18: 113-140 https://doi.org/10.1006/jevp.1998.0086
  23. Pulakos, E. D., N. Schmitt, and D. Chan(1996). Models of job performance ratings: an examination of rater race, rater gender, and rater level effects. Human Performance 9(2): 103-119 https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327043hup0902_1
  24. Roman, D. D., G. E. Edwall, R. J. Buchanan, and J. H. Patton (1991) Extended norms for the paced auditory serial addition task. The Clinical Neuropsychologist 5: 33-40 https://doi.org/10.1080/13854049108401840
  25. Tennessen, C. and G. Cimprich(1995) Views to nature: effects on attention. Journal of Environmental Psychology 15: 77-85 https://doi.org/10.1016/0272-4944(95)90016-0
  26. Ulrich, R. S.(1979) Visual landscapes and psychological wellbeing. Landscape Research 4(1): 17-23
  27. Ulrich, R. S.(1981) Natural versus urban scenes: some psychophysiological effects. Environment and Behavior 13: 523-556 https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916581135001
  28. Ulrich, R. S.( 1983) Aesthetic and affective response to natural environment. In I. Altman and J. F. Wohlwill, eds., Behavior and the Natural Environment. New York: Plenum Press. pp, 85-125
  29. Ulrich, R. S. and R. Parsons(1992) Influences of passive experiences with plants in individual well-being and health. In P. Relt, ed., The Role of Horticulture in Human Well-being and Social Development. Portland: Timber Press. pp. 93-105
  30. Ulrich, R. S., R. F. Simons, B. D. Losito, E. Fiorito, M. A. Miles, and M. Zelson (1991) Stress recovery during exposure to natural and urban environments. Journal of Environmental Psychology 11: 201-230 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-4944(05)80184-7
  31. Zucherman, M.(1977) Development of a situation-specific trait-state test for the prediction and measurement of affective response. Anxiety Measurements 45: 513-523