Winter Warming and Long-term Variation in Catch of Yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) in the South Sea, Korea

겨울철 온난화와 남해 방어 어획량의 장기변동

  • Lee, Seung-Jong (Marine and Environmental Research Institute, Cheju National University) ;
  • Go, You-Bong (Division of Applied Marine Science, Cheju National University)
  • 이승종 (제주대학교 해양과환경연구소) ;
  • 고유봉 (제주대학교 해양과학부 해양생산과학전공)
  • Received : 2006.08.03
  • Accepted : 2006.09.18
  • Published : 2006.12.31

Abstract

The relationships among long-term climate variation at the southern part of the Korean peninsula, oceanic conditions in the South Sea, Korea, and variation in the winter catch of yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) were analyzed using 32 years of time-series data from 1971~2002. In the early 1990s, winter climatic conditions at the southern part of Korean peninsula shifted from a cool to a warm regime with higher air temperature, relative weak wind speed, and lower relative humidity. Also, the winter water temperature at 50 m depth became consistently higher in the South Sea. The annual winter catch of yellowtail in the South Sea increased dramatically in the early 1990s, as did that of anchovy, which is the major food organism for yellowtail. From the results of correlation analysis, we found that the winter catch of yellowtail was more closely related to the increasing of air temperature, water temperature and anchovy catch.

1971~2002년까지의 지난 32년간 장기간 시계열 자료를 통하여 겨울철 남해의 방어 어획량 변동양상을 계절별로 구분하여 조사하고, 이와 더불어 겨울철 한국 남부의 기상상황 및 남해의 해황 변화도 조사하여 장기간의 환경변화와 방어의 어획량 변동 사이의 대응관계에 대해서 살펴보았다. 겨울철 우리나라 남부의 기상변동을 살펴본 결과 1990년대에 들어서 기온이 상승하고 상대습도는 낮아지며 풍속이 많이 약화되는 특징들을 보이는 등 전체적으로 온난화 경향을 나타내고 있었고, 겨울철 남해의 50 m 수층 수온도 이 시기부터 뚜렷이 상승하고 있었다. 이와 관련하여 남해의 방어 어획량 변동양상을 계절별로 구분하여 조사한 결과 타 계절에 비해 특히 겨울철 생산량이 1990년대에 들어서부터 점차 증가하고 있었으며 방어의 주먹이원의 하나인 멸치의 어획량도 이 시기부터 증가하고 있었다. 이번 연구에서 조사한 기상 요인들을 포함한 환경 요인들과 겨울철 남해 방어 어획량 자료를 이용하여 상관분석을 실시한 결과 겨울철 방어 어획량의 증가는 겨울철 기온과 수온의 증가 그리고 멸치 어획량의 증가와 매우 밀접하게 연관되어 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : Cheju National University Development Foundation

References

  1. Arthur, D.K. 1976. Food and feeding of larvae of three fishes occurring in the California Current, Sardinops sagax, Engraulis mordax and Trachurus symmerticus. Fish. Bull., 74 : 517-530
  2. Beamish, R.J. and D.R. Bouillon. 1993. Pacific salmon production trends in relation to climate. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 50 : 1002-1016 https://doi.org/10.1139/f93-116
  3. Choi, Y., K.Y. Nam, H.S. Jung and W.T. Kwon. 2003. Estimating and correcting urban bias in surface temperature time series of Korea. Inter. J. Climato., 23 : 577- 591 https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.881
  4. Ginger, A.R. and Y.S. Kang. 2003. A comparison of three marine ecosystems surrounding the Korean peninsula: Responses to climate change. Pro. Oceanogr., 59 : 357- 379
  5. Graham, N.E. 1995. Simulation of recent global temperature trend. Science, 267 : 666-671 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.267.5198.666
  6. Hahn, S.D. 1994. SST warming of Korea coastal waters during 1881-1990. KODC Newsletter, 24 : 29-38. (in Korean)
  7. Han, H.S. and B.H. Lee. 1974. On Shoals of the Yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata T. & S.) migrating to the East Sea of Korea. Bull. Natl. Fish. Res. Dev. Agency, 12 : 27-36. (in Korean)
  8. Hara, N. 1990a. An Abundance Index of Yellowtail Immigrating into the Sea of Japan and Its Yearly Variation. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 56 : 19-24. (in Japanese)
  9. Hara, N. 1990b. Yearly Fluctuations of Yellowtail Catch in Set Net Fishery along the Coastal Area of the Sea of Japan. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 56 : 25-30. (in Japanese)
  10. Hara, N. and T. Murayama. 1992. Long-term Fluctuations in Abundance of the Yellowtail Immigrants in the Coastal Areas of Japan. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 58 : 2219-2227. (in Japanese)
  11. Hirakawa, K., T. Goto and M. Hirai. 1997. Diet composition and prey size of larval anchovy, Engraulis japonicus, in Toyama bay, Southern Japan Sea. Bull. Jap. Sea Natl. Fish. Res. Inst., 47 : 67-78
  12. Hiyama, Y. 1998. Spatial and temporal variability in fork length of young yellowtail in the Japan Sea. Bull. Jap. Sea Natl. Fish. Res. Inst., 48 : 27-35
  13. Hollowed, A.B., S.R. Hare and W.S. Wooster. 1998. Pacific basin climatic variability and patterns of northeast Pacific marine fish production. Holloway, G., P. Muller and D. Henderson (Eds), Biotic impacts of extratropical climate variability in the Pacific (pp. 89-104). Proceedings 'Aha Huliko' a Hawaiian winter workshops, University of Hawaii at Manoa, January 25-29, 1998
  14. IPCC. 2001. Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Houghton, J.T., Y. Ding, D.J. Griggs, N. Nogurer, P.J. van der Linden, X. Dai, K. Maskell and C.A. Johnson (Eds), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 881pp
  15. Johnson, R.A. and D.W. Wichern. 1988. Applied multivariate statistical analysis. Prentice Hall, London, 594pp
  16. Kang, Y.S., J.Y. Kim, H.G. Kim and J.H. Park. 2002. Longterm changes in zooplankton and its relationship with squid, Todarodes pacificus, catch in Japan/East Sea. Fish. Oceanogr., 11 : 337-346 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2419.2002.00211.x
  17. Kang, Y.S., S.A. Kim and S.W. Bae. 2000. Changes in ecosystem components induced by climate variability off the eastern coast of the Korean Peninsula during 1960 -1990. Pro. Oceanogr., 47 : 205-222
  18. Kang, Y.Q. and S.A. Kim. 2002. Zooplankton in the Korean waters. In: D. Lee (Ed), Ecology of Korea. Bumwoo Publishing Co. Seoul, Korea, pp. 331-343. (in Korean)
  19. Kawasaki, T. 1993. Recovery and collapse of the far east- ern sardine. Fish. Oceanogr., 2 : 244-253 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2419.1993.tb00139.x
  20. Kim, J.T., H.G. Rho and S.H. Kim. 2002a. Studies on the Forming Mechanism of The Fishing Ground of Yellow tail, Seriola quinqueradiata, in the Adjacent Sea of Jeju Island. Bull. Kor. Soc. Fish. Tech., 38 : 20-35. (in Korean)
  21. Kim, J.T., H.G. Rho, S.H. Kim, J.C. Ko, Y.H. Ahn and C.M. Choi. 2002b. Characteristics of Catch Fluctuation and Distribution of Yellow tail, Seriola quinqueradiata, TEMMINCK et SCHLEGEL, in Korean Waters. Bull. Kor. Soc. Fish. Tech., 38 : 11-19. (in Korean)
  22. Kim, S.A. 2003. Changes in fisheries resources in relation to variability of oceanic environments. J. Kor. Soc. Fish. Res., 6 : 11-20. (in Korean)
  23. Kim, S.A. and S.Y. Kang. 2000. Ecological variation and El Nino effects off the southern coast of the Korean Peninsula during the last three decades. Fish. Oceanogr., 9 : 239-247 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2419.2000.00142.x
  24. Klyashtorin, L.B. 1998. Long-term climate change and main commercial fish production in the Altlantic and Pacific. Fish. Res., 37 : 115-125 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-7836(98)00131-3
  25. Kobata, T. 1986. On the Tendency of Long-Term Decreasing Catch of Adult Yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata in Its Pacific Sub-population. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish., 57 : 1181-1187. (in Japanese)
  26. Kwon, W.T., Y. Choi, J.H. Oh and H.J. Baek. 2003. Understanding of regional climate change in Korea. In : The first symposium on climate change, oceanography and fisheries, Nat. Fish. Res. & Dev. Ins. Busan, pp. 17- 20
  27. Kubo, I. 1966. Special Fishery Resources. Chapter 9 Yellow -tail. Kouseisha-kouseikaku Press, Tokyo, pp. 346-387. (in Japanese)
  28. Mitani, F. 1954. Studies on the Fishing Conditions of Some Usefull Fishes in the Western Region of Wakasa Bay-I. Relation between the Catch of the Yellow-tail, Seriola quinqueradiata (Temminck et Schlegel), and the Meteorological Factors. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish., 20 : 89-95. (in Japanese)
  29. Montevecchi, W.A. and R.A. Myers. 1997. Centurial and decadal oceanographic influences on changes in northern gannet populations and diets in the north-west Atlantic : Implications for climate change. ICES J. Mar. Sci., 54 : 608-614 https://doi.org/10.1006/jmsc.1997.0265
  30. Mori, I. 1964. On the secular variation of catch of the Yellow- tail, Seriola quinqueradiata T. and S., in the Meshima fishing ground (fixed net) of the East China Sea. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish., 30 : 1-5. (in Japanese)
  31. Murayama, T. 1992a. Growth of the Yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata in the Japan Sea Coast in Recent Years. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 58 : 601-609. (in Japanese)
  32. Murayama. T. 1992b. Migration of Young Yellowtail in the Japan Sea, Estimated from Tagging Experiments. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 58 : 417-426. (in Japanese)
  33. Murayama, T. and T. Kitahara. 1992. Long-term Trends in Abundance of the Yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata Immigrants in the Coastal Areas of Japan. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 58 : 409-416. (in Japanese)
  34. National Fisheries Research and Development Institute. 1998. Ecology and fishing grounds of major fish species in the Korean coastal and offshore area. Ye-Moon Publication Co., 304pp. (in Korean)
  35. National Fisheries Research and Development Institute. 1997. Climatic Atlas of T, S, DO in Korean Waters (1966 -1995). Ye-Moon Publication Co., 268pp. (in Korean)
  36. Okata, A. 1976. Ecological Studies on the Biological Production of Young Amberfish Community in the Sendai Bay-III. Movement of the Young Amberfish. Bull. Jap. Soc, Sci. Fish., 42 : 1101-1113
  37. Park, J.H., K.S. Hwang and Y.S. Kang. 2000. Variation of Fishing Condition and the Winter Warming in Korean Waters. J. Kor. Soc. Fish. Res., 3 : 77-87
  38. Planque, B. and A.H. Taylor. 1998. Long-term changes in zooplankton and the climate of the North Atlantic. ICES J. Mar. Sci., 55 : 644-654 https://doi.org/10.1006/jmsc.1998.0390
  39. Tanaka, S. 1972. Migration of Yellowtails along the Pacific Coast of Japan Observed by Tagging Experiments-I. Results from Release and Recapture Data. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish., 38 : 29-32. (in Japanese)
  40. Uchino, K. 1977. Studies on Fishing Condition of Amberfish in the Wakasa Bay-I. Movement of the Juvenile Amberfish (Mojako), inferred from the Results of Tagging Experiments. Bull. Jap. Soc. Fish. Oceanogr., 31 : 1-6. (in Japanese)
  41. Watanabe, Y., H. Zeromu and R. Kimura. 1995. Population decline of the Japanese sardine, Sardinops melanostictus, owing to recruitment failures. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 52 : 1609-1616 https://doi.org/10.1139/f95-154
  42. Zhang, C.I., J.B. Lee, S.A. Kim and J.H. Oh. 2000. Climatic regime shifts and their impacts on marine ecosystem and fisheries resources in Korean waters. Pro. Oceanogr., 47 : 171-190 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6611(00)00035-5