Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene (한국산업보건학회지)

Korean Industrial Hygiene Association (한국산업보건학회)
권호 표지

Effect of Bone Demineralization and Tibia Lead on Blood Lead in Retired Lead Workers

퇴직한 납 취급 근로자들에서 골밀도 저하와 경골납량이 혈중납량에 미치는 영향

  • Kim, Nam-Su (Institute of Industrial Medicine, Soonchunhyang University) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Ho (Institute of Industrial Medicine, Soonchunhyang University) ;
  • Kim, Hwa-Seong (Institute of Industrial Medicine, Soonchunhyang University) ;
  • Kim, Hui-Seon (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Soonchunhyang University) ;
  • Lee, Seong-Su (Institute of Industrial Medicine, Soonchunhyang University) ;
  • Todd, Andrew C. (Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Byeong-Guk (Institute of Industrial Medicine, Soonchunhyang University)
  • 김남수 (순천향대학교 산업의학연구소) ;
  • 김진호 (순천향대학교 산업의학연구소) ;
  • 김화성 (순천향대학교 산업의학연구소) ;
  • 김희선 (순천향대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 이성수 (순천향대학교 산업의학연구소) ;
  • ;
  • 이병국 (순천향대학교 산업의학연구소)
  • Received : 2006.08.18
  • Accepted : 2006.11.05
  • Published : 2006.12.31
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Abstract

This study was designed to investigate the effect of bone demineralization and tibia lead on blood lead in retired lead workers. Two hundred thirty five(126 females and 109 males) retired lead workers who worked in 4 different lead factories and 101 non-occupationally lead exposed subjects(51 females and 51 males) were recruited from March 2004 to October 2004. Bone mineral density(BMD) was measured at left calcaneous bone area by broadband ultrasound attenuation(BUA) method with QUS-2(Metra Biosystems Inc, USA). The BUA value transformed into T-score by WHO standard conversion criteria. Tibia bone lead was measured for skeletal bone lead with K-xray fluorescence(K-XRF) and blood lead was analyzed with flameless atomic spectrophotometer. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum calcium and iron were also analyzed. In addition, information for smoking and drinking status and basic personal data such as age, gender and lead exposure were also collected using questionnaire inquiry. Blood lead was correlated with tibia lead (r=0.664) and these two variables were negatively correlated with BMD in bivariate analysis. BMD showed significant main effect on the change of blood lead independent to tibia lead without any effect modification of age or gender; the one T-score unit decrease of mineral bone density made $0.43{\mu}g/dl$ increase of blood lead. On the other hand, tibia lead showed effect modification with gender on blood lead; the slope of tibia lead on blood lead in male was steeper than in female and crossed at around zero of tibia lead. In the multiple regression analysis of blood lead and tibia lead on BMD after adjustment of related covariates, only blood lead showed statistically significant effect on BMD. This study confirmed that BMD and blood lead were significantly associated. To verify the causal association of BMD on blood lead and vice versa, further longitudinal studies are needed.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 한국학술진흥재단

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