Korean journal of applied entomology (한국응용곤충학회지)

Korean Society of Applied Entomology (한국응용곤충학회)
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Isolation and Activity of Insect Pathogenic Bacillus thuringiensis Strain from Soil

국내 토양으로부터 곤충병원성 세균인 Bacillus thuringiensis 균주의 분리 및 생물검정

  • Kim, Da-A (Dept. Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Su (Dept. Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Kil, Mi-Ra (Dept. Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Youn, Young-Nam (Dept. Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences) ;
  • Park, Dong-Sik (College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Yu, Yong-Man (Dept. Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences)
  • 김다아 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 농생물학과) ;
  • 김진수 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 농생물학과) ;
  • 길미라 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 농생물학과) ;
  • 윤영남 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 농생물학과) ;
  • 박동식 (강원대학교 농업생명고학대학 농업과학연구소) ;
  • 유용만 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 농생물학과)
  • Published : 2006.12.30
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Abstract

Bacillus thuringiensis strains were isolated from the domestic soil and a strain was selected that had a new host range and high toxicity against agriculture insect pest. The 142 samples of soil were sampled from the mountains, paddy fields and patches, in Daejon, Chungnam, Chungbuk and Jeonbuk and used for the investigation. Sixteen B. t strains were isolated from 12 samples among collected samples. There were 11 strains that showed toxical activity on Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae), 7 steins on Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), 5 strains on Arete coerulea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), 5 strains on Culex pipiens pallens (Diptera: Culicidae) among the 16 isolated B. t strains. But there were not any strains that showed activity against Hyphanria cunea (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) and Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Rhynchophoridae). And also some of B. thuringiensis strains showed insecticidal activity with 2, 3 or 4 kinds of insects. But there were also 3 strains that did not show any activities to the 6 insects which were used in the experiment. When examined with a phase-contrast microscope, the insecticidal crystal protein produced from 16 selected strains had 13 bipyramidal and 3 spherical shapes. The insecticidal bioactivity of the S. litura showed 100% mortality when there were $1.3{\times}10^{7}\;(cfu/ml)$ of CAB109 isolates.

국내 토양으로부터 Bacillus thuringiensis 균주를 분리하여 농업해충에 높은 활성범위를 나타내는 균주를 선발하였다. 토양은 대전, 충청남북도, 전라북도 등의 산과 들에서 142곳의 토양시료를 채취하여 실험에 사용하였다. 142개의 토양시료 중 12개로부터 16개의 B. thuringiensis 균주가 분리되었다. 선발된 16개의 B. thuringiensis 균주 중에서 나비목의 배추좀나방(Plutella xylostella)에 활성을 나타내는 것이 11균주, 담배거세미나방(Spodoptera litura)에 7균주, 암청색줄무늬밤나방(Arete coerulea)이 5균주, 파리목의 빨간집모기(Culex pipiens pallens)에 5균주가 독성을 나타내는 것으로 분리되었다. 그러나 나비목인 미국흰불나방(Hyphanria cunea)과 딱정벌레목의 쌀바구미(Sitophilus oryzae)에 활성을 나타내는 균주는 이 실험에서 발견되지 않았다. 또한 선발된 B. thuringiensis 균주가 2종류, 3종류 그리고 4종류의 해충에 함께 활성을 나타내는 것도 있었다. 그러나 시험된 6종류의 모든 곤충에 무독성인 균주도 3개가 나타났다. 선발된 16개 균주의 결정성단백질은 위상차 현미경으로 관찰하였을 때 이중피라미드형태가 13개이고 구형이 3개로 나타났다. 우리나라 난방제해충인 담배거세미나방에 대한 살충활성의 검정은 CAB109 균주가 $1.3{\times}10^{7}\;(cfu/ml)$에서 100%의 사망률을 보였다.

Keywords

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