Journal of Animal Science and Technology

Korean Society of Animal Sciences and Technology (한국축산학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of Dietary Bacillus sp. Inoculated Feather Meal on the Performance and Carcass Characteristics in Finishing Pigs

Bacillus sp. 접종 우모분이 비육돈의 생산성과 도체특성에 미치는 영향

  • Kim, J.H. (College of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 김재황 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부)
  • Published : 2005.08.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was carried out investigate the effect of replacing soybean meal with feather meal or Bacillus sp. inoculated feather meal in finisher pig diets on the performances, and amino acid composition and carcass characteristics of pork. One hundred fifty pigs were randomly allotted to five dietary treatments (① control, basal diet; ② BSM (bacillus sp. inoculated soybean meal) 10, 10% of soybean meal was replaced with bacillus sp. inoculated feather meal; ③ BSM 20, 20% of soybean meal was replaced with bacillus sp. inoculated feather meal; ④ CSM (conventional soybean meal) 10, 10% of soybean meal was replaced with conventional feather meal and ⑤ CSM 20, 20% of soybean meal was replaced with conventional feather meal) in a 70-days feeding trial. In overall period, body weight gain of BSM 20 (0.95kg) was higher (P<0.05) than those of CSM 10 (0.80kg) and CSM 20 (0.81kg), respectively. And feed conversion of BSM 20 (2.94) was lower (P<0.05) than that for other treatments (3.06-3.41). Carcass weight of BSM 10 (81.84kg) and BSM 20 (83.77kg) were greater (P<0.05) than those of CSM 10 (74.75kg) and CSM 20 (76.07kg), respectively. Proportion of grade A carcass in BSM 20 (35.03%) was higher compared to the control treatment (32.78%). CIE L* of meat color was lowest in the BSM 10 (45.56), and hightest (P<0.05) in the CSM 20 (59.96). In addition CIE a* of meat color of control (9.35) highest (P<0.05) than those of BSM 10 and BSM 20 were 7.56 and 7.42, respectively.

본 시험은 우모분의 사료적 가치를 향상시키기 위하여 우모 단백질 분해균인 Bacillus sp.를 우모분에 접종하여 비육돈의 단백질 공급원인 대두박에 수준별로 대체하여 총 5처리구로 설정하였으며, 각 처리구당 3반복으로 임의배치하였다. 시험사료 급여구의 증체량, 사료요구율, 육의 아미노산 함량 및 도체특성을 조사․분석하였다. 사양시험은 5처리$\time$3반복$\time$10두로서 총 150두를 공시하여 70일간 실시하였다. 비육 전기간(0-70일간) 동안의 일당증체량은 Bacillus sp. 접종 우모분으로 대두박의 20%를 대체․급여한 BSM 20구가 0.95kg으로서 일반 우모분으로 10%와 20%를 대체․급여한 CSM 10구와 CSM 20구의 0.80-0.81kg에 비하여 증가 하였으며, 사료요구율도 2.94로서 우수하였다(P<0.05). 도체중은 BSM 10구와 BSM 20구가 각각 81.84kg과 83.77kg으로서 CSM 10구와 20구의 74.75kg과 76.07kg에 비하여 유의적으로(P<0.05) 증가하였다. A등급 출현율은 BSM 20구가 35.03%로서 대조구의 32.78%에 비하여 뚜렷하게 향상되었다. 육색의 CIE L*값은 BSM 10구가 45.56으로서 가장 낮았으며, CSM 20구는 59.96으로서 가장 높았다(P<0.05). CIE a* 값은 대조구가 9.35로서 BSM 10구와 BSM 20구의 7.56과 7.42에 비하여 높았다(P<0.05). 이상의 결과를 종합하면, 비육돈을 사육할 경우에는 Bacillus sp. 접종 우모분으로 대두박의 20%를 대체․급여함으로서 체중의 증가 및 사료요구율이 개선되었으며, 돼지 등심의 육색과 지방색에도 이상이 없을 뿐 아니라 육질 A등급 출현율도 크게 향상되었다. 특히, 일당 증체량으로 환산할 경우에는 출하일령을 약 8일 정도 단축시킬 수 있기 때문에 대체 단백질 사료자원의 확보 뿐만 아니라 농가 소득증대에도 크게 기여할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. APGS. A monthly issue; 1998(1-12), 1999(1-12) and 2000(1-12). Animal Products Granding Service
  2. AOAC. 1995. Official method of analysis (15th ed.), Association of Official Analytical Chemist. Washington, DC, USA
  3. Arai, K., Naito, S., Dang, V. B., Nagasawa, N. and Hirano, M. 1996. Crosslinking structure of keratin. VI. Number, type, and location of disulfide crosslinkages in low-sulfur protein of wool fiber and their relation to permanent set. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 60:169-179 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19960411)60:2<169::AID-APP4>3.0.CO;2-Q
  4. Bellinger, L. L., Williams, F. E., Rogers, Q. R and Gietzen, D. W. 1995. Liver denervation attenuates the hypophagia producted by and imbalanced amino acid diet. Physiol. Behav. 59:925
  5. BockIe, B., Galunsk, B. and Muller, R. 1995. Characterization of a keratinolytic serine protease from Streptomyces pactum DSM40530. Applied and Environ. microbiology. 61:3705-3710
  6. Chitte, R R, Nalawade, V. K. and Dey, S. 1999. Keratinolytic activity from the broth of a feather-degrading thermophilic Streptomyces thermo-violaceus SDS. Lett Appl Microbiol. 28:131-136 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00484.x
  7. Duncan, D. B. 1955. Multiple range and multiple F test. Biometerics. 11: 1
  8. Filipello, M. V., Fusconi, A. and Rigo, S. 1994. Keratinolysis and its morphological expression in hair digestion by airborne fungi. Mycopathologia. 127:103-115 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01103066
  9. Gietzen, D. W., Leung, P. M. B. and Rogers, Q. R. 1989. Dietary amino acid imbalance and neurochemical changes in the three hypothalamic areas. Physiol. Behav, 46:503 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9384(89)90028-0
  10. Hector, D. A., Brew-Graves, C., Hassen, N. and Ledward, D. A. 1992. Relationship between myosin denaturation and the colour of lowwoltage-electrically- stimulated beef. Meat Sci. 31:299-307 https://doi.org/10.1016/0309-1740(92)90060-H
  11. Jiang, J. C. and Gietzen, D. W. 1994. Anorectic response to amino acid imbalance : A selective serotonin in effect. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 47:59
  12. Khajarem. S., Khajarem, J., Phalaraksh, K. and Churasatein, S. 1983. The utilization of hydrolyzed feather meal as a protein source in pig and poultry rations. Depart. of Amin. Sci., Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
  13. Kim, C. H., Tanaka, H. and Ogura, M. 1996. Metabolism of lysine, threonine and leucine in growing rats on gluten or zein diets at various dietary protein levels. Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. 60:1580 https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.60.1580
  14. Kim, C. H., Ra, C. S., Kim, B. Y., Shin, J. S. and Song, Y. H. 1999. Effects of various et ration in dirts on rat's growth, body composition, concentrations of body free amino acid and urinary nitrogen concentration. Korean J. Anim. Nutr. Feed. 23(4):301-310
  15. MAP. 1997. Animal Products Granding Basis (a revised proposal). Ministry of Agriculture and Forest Issue, 1997(51). Ministry of Agriculture and Forest
  16. Murray, A. C., Jones, S. D. M. and Tong, A. K. W. 1989. Evaluation of the color met reflectance meter for the measurement of pork muscle quality. Proc. 35th. International Congress of meat Sci. and Tech., Cophenhagen, Denmark. 188-194
  17. Offer, G., Knigth, P., Jeacocke, R, Almond, R. and Cousins, T. 1989. The structural basis of the water holding, appearance and toughness of meat and meat products. Food Stucture. 8: 151-171
  18. Renerre, M. and Bonhomme, J. 1991. Effects of electrical stimulation boning-temperature and conditioning mode on display colour of beef meat. Meat Sci. 29:191-202 https://doi.org/10.1016/0309-1740(91)90048-U
  19. Rule, D. C., Broughton, K. S., Shellito, S. M. and Maiorano, G. 2002. Comparison of muscle fatty acid profiles and cholesterol concentrations of bison, beef cattle, elk, and chicken. J. Anim. Sci. 80: 1202-1211
  20. Santos, R. M. D., Firmino, A. A. P., Sa' Carlos, C. M. and Felix, R. 1996. Keratinolytic activity of Aspergillus fumigatus. Current Microbiology. 33:364-370 https://doi.org/10.1007/s002849900129
  21. SAS. 1990. $SAS/STAT^R$ User's Guide. version 6.01, 4th ed.; SAS Institute, Inc., Cary. NC, USA
  22. Steiner, R. J., Kellems, R. O. and Church, D. C. 1983. Feather and hair meals for ruminants. IV. Effects of chemical treatments of feather and processing tim on digestibility. J. Anim. Sci. 57:495-502 https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1983.572495x
  23. Stucki, W. P. and Harper, A. E. 1962. Effects of altering the ratio of indispensable to dispensable amino acids in diets for rats. J. Nutr. 78:278 https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/78.3.278
  24. Tanaka, H., Shibata, K., Mori, M. and Ogura, M. 1995. Metabolism of essential amino acids in growing rats at graded levels of soybean protein asolate. J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. 41: 433 https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.41.433
  25. Williams, C. M., Richter. C. S., Machenzie, J. M. and Shih, J. C. H. 1990. Isolation, identification, and characterization of a feather-degrading bacterium. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 56: 1509- 1515
  26. Williarns, C. M., Lee, C. G., Garlich, J. D. and Shih, J. C. H. 1991. Evaluation of a bacterial feather fermentation product, feather-lysate. as a feed protein. Poultry Science. 70:85-94 https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0700085
  27. Zaghloul, T. I., Al-Bahra, M. and Al-Ameh, H. 1998. Isolation, identification, and keratinolytic activity of several feather-degrading bacterial isolates. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 70: 207-213 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02920137
  28. 강호조, 이후장, 정태성, 김도경, 어용준, 김재황. 2003. 우모 분해균의 분리 및 특성에 관한 연구. 한국수의공중보건학회지. 27(3); 129-134

Cited by

  1. Effects of supplementing growing-finishing pig diets with Bacillus spp. probiotic on growth performance and meat-carcass grade qualitytraits vol.45, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1590/S1806-92902016000300002
  2. Inclusion of dietary multi-species probiotic on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, meat quality traits, faecal microbiota and diarrhoea score in growing–finishing pigs pp.1828-051X, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2017.1340097