신생아 호흡곤란증후군에서 폐 표면활성제 단일 투여군과 재투여군의 임상경과 비교

Comparison of Clinical Progress between Single- and Multiple-dose Surfactant Treatment in Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome

  • 길창희 (경희대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 전호상 (경희대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실) ;
  • 배종우 (경희대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실)
  • Kil, Chang Hee (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kyunghee University) ;
  • Jeon, Ho Sang (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kyunghee University) ;
  • Bae, Chong Woo (Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kyunghee University)
  • 투고 : 2005.06.23
  • 심사 : 2005.08.03
  • 발행 : 2005.10.15

초록

목 적 : 신생아 호흡곤란증후군에서 폐 표면활성제 보충요법으로 생존률이 향상되고 있다. 신생아 호흡곤란증후군에서 폐 표면활성제 단일 투여군(S군)과 재투여군(M군)의 임상양상을 비교 관찰하기 위하여 본 조사를 실시하였다. 방 법 : 2002년 1월부터 2004년 3월까지 경희의대 부속병원 신생아 중환자실에서 호흡곤란증후군으로 진단받고 폐 표면활성제 보충요법을 실시하였던 48례를 대상으로, 이 중 S군 32례, M군 16례의 임상경과를 비교 검토하였다. 결 과 : 1) 평균 출생체중과 평균 재태기간은 S군이 $1,577{\pm}708g$, $30{\pm}3$주, M군이 $1,755{\pm}921g$, $31{\pm}4$주였다. 출생 초기 pH는 각각 $7.25{\pm}0.15$$7.26{\pm}0.08$로 의미 있는 차이가 없었다. 출생당시 소생술을 실시했는지의 여부와 산전 산모에 있어 스테로이드 투여 유무의 경우도 두 군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. Bomsel 기준에 의한 호흡곤란증후군 분류로 볼 때에도 두 군간에 grade II, III, IV의 경우 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 폐 표면활성제 투여 전의 VI는 S군에서 $0.075{\pm}0.08$, M군에서 $0.096{\pm}0.06$으로 M군에서 더 나쁘나 통계적으로는 유의하지 않았고, a/A $PO_2$는 S군에서 $0.22{\pm}0.13$, M군에서는 $0.15{\pm}0.07$로 M군에서 의미있게 나쁜 소견을 보였다(P<0.05). 2) 72시간까지의 VI와 a/A $PO_2$의 변동은 S군에서 M군에 비해 지속적인 개선을 관찰할 수 있었고, M군은 재발양상이 관찰되어 재투여를 한 후 호전되는 소견을 보였다. 3) 평균 인공호흡기 기간은 S군에서 9.7일, M군에서 6일로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 예후에 있어 28일 이내의 사망률은 두 군 모두 6.3%로 동일하였다. 합병증으로 뇌실내출혈, 미숙아 망막증, 괴사성장염, 기관지폐 이형성증, 패혈증 및 파종성 혈관내 응고증은 두 군간에 의미있는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결 론 : 신생아 호흡곤란증후군에서 S군과 M군의 임상경과에서 VI와 a/A $PO_2$의 지속적 호전은 S군에서 현저하였고, M군은 재발양상이 관찰되어 재투여의 필요성이 있었다. 이러한 재발된 경우에도 적극적인 재투여를 실시함으로써 사망률과 합병증의 빈도가 S군과 M군 사이에 차이가 없는 것으로 보아, 재발되는 경우 폐 표면활성제 재투여가 예후의 개선을 가져오기에 재투여의 필요성이 강조되었다.

Purpose : In the case of serious respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) or relapse of clinical appearances after single treatment, we obtained more effective results with multiple-dose surfactant replacement therapy. We carried out this investigation for comparing and observing clinical progress between single-dose(group S) and multiple-dose(group M) pulmonary surfactant treatment group of neonatal RDS. Methods : We investigated 48 neonates who were diagnosed as RDS and treated with pulmonary surfactant(PS) replacement therapy in NICU of Kyunghee University hospital from January 2002 to March 2004, then we compared and verified clinical progress of 32 neonates in group S with that of 16 neonates in group M. Results : There were no significant statistical differences in average birth weights, average gestational periods, initial pH values of birth, whether operation of resuscitation at that time of birth was made or not, whether prenatal steroid prescription for mother, RDS classification standardized by Bomsel, and ventilation index(VI) before instillation of PS of two groups. However, there was significant statistical difference in a/A $PO_2$(P<0.05). We could observe changes of VI and a/A $PO_2$ within 72 hours have been continuously improved at group S rather than group M. In spite of relapses, group M changed for the better after second dose. There were also no significant differences between the two groups in duration of ventilator therapy, mortality within 28 days after birth, intraventricular hemorrhage by complication, retinopathy of premature, necrotizing enterocolitis, chronic lung diseases, sepsis, and DIC. Conclusion : In these relapse cases, as there were no significant differences in the mortality rate and the occurence of complication between group S and group M, the requirement of multiple-dose PS replacement therapy which brought improvement of prognosis was emphasized.

키워드

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