DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

3D First Person Shooting Game by Using Eye Gaze Tracking

눈동자 시선 추적에 의한 3차원 1인칭 슈팅 게임

  • 이의철 (상명대학교 일반대학원 컴퓨터과학과) ;
  • 박강령 (상명대학교 소프트웨어대학 미디어학부)
  • Published : 2005.08.01

Abstract

In this paper, we propose the method of manipulating the gaze direction of 3D FPS game's character by using eye gaze detection from the successive images captured by USB camera, which is attached beneath HMB. The proposed method is composed of 3 parts. At first, we detect user's pupil center by real-time image processing algorithm from the successive input images. In the second part of calibration, when the user gaze on the monitor plane, the geometric relationship between the gazing position of monitor and the detected position of pupil center is determined. In the last part, the final gaze position on the HMD monitor is tracked and the 3D view in game is controlled by the gaze position based on the calibration information. Experimental results show that our method can be used for the handicapped game player who cannot use his(or her) hand. Also, it can Increase the interest and the immersion by synchronizing the gaze direction of game player and the view direction of game character.

본 논문에서는 HMD(Head Mounted Display) 하단에 눈동자의 움직임 영상을 취득할 수 있는 USB 카메라를 부착한 후, 3차원 1인칭 슈팅(First Person Shooting) 게임에서 게임 캐릭터의 시선방향을 눈동자 움직임에 의해 조작하는 방법을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법은 다음과 같은 3부분으로 이루어져 있다. 첫 번째는 입력 영상으로부터 눈동자의 중심 위치를 실시간 영상 처리 방법으로 추출하는 부분, 두번째는 HMD 모니터상의 임의 지점을 쳐다볼 때 추출된 눈동자의 위치 정보와 모니터상의 응시 지점사이의 기하학적인 연관관계를 결정하는 캘리브레이션 부분, 그리고 마지막은 캘리브레이션 정보를 기반으로 모니터 상의 최종적인 응시 위치를 결정하고 이 정보에 의해 게임상의 3차원 뷰 방향을 조정하는 부분으로 구성되어 있다. 실험 결과 본 논문의 방법에 의해 손이 불편한 사용자에게 게임을 즐길 수 있는 기회를 제공하고, 게임 캐릭터와 게임 사용자의 시선 방향을 일치시킴으로서 게임의 흥미와 몰입감을 증가시킬 수 있는 결과를 얻음을 알 수 있었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Jacob, R. J. K, 'Eye Movement-Based Human-Computer Interaction Techniques: Toward Non-Command Interfaces', Advances in Human-Computer Interaction, H. R. Hartson and D. Hix, Editors., Ablex Publishing Co., pp.151-190, 1993
  2. L. E. Sibert, R. J. K. Jacob, 'Evaluation of Eye Gaze Interaction', Proc. of the CHI, ACM in New York, pp.281-288, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1145/332040.332445
  3. Ohno, T. 'Quick Menu Selection Task with Eye Mark', Transactions of Information Processing Society of Japan, Vol.40, No.2, pp.602-612, 1999
  4. Yamato, M., Monden, A., Matsumoto, K., Inoue, K. and Torii, K, 'Quick Button Selection with Eye Gazing for General GUI Environments', International Conference on Software: Theory and Practice, August, 2000
  5. Andrew T.Duchowski, Vinay Shivashankariah, Tim Rawls, Anand K.Gramopadhye, Brian J. Melloy, Barbara Kanki, 'Binocular Eye Tracking in Virtual Reality for Inspection Training', ACM Press New York, NY, USA, 2002 https://doi.org/10.1145/355017.355031
  6. Jeong Jun Lee, Kang Ryoung Park, Jaihie Kim, 'Gaze detection system under HMD environment for user interface', the Joint Conference of lCANN/ICONIP, p.513, June, 2003
  7. Anand K.Gramopadhye et al., 'Use of Computer Based Training for Aircraft Inspectors: Findings and Recommendations', In Proceedings of the HFES/IEA Annual Meeting (San Diego, CA, August, 2000)
  8. http://www.sgi.com
  9. Jie Zhu and Jie Yang, 'Subpixel Eye Gaze Tracking', in Proc. Fifth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, pp.124-129, May, 2002 https://doi.org/10.1109/AFGR.2002.1004144
  10. M. R. M. Mimica and C.H. Morimoto, 'A Computer Vision Framework for Eye Gaze Tracking', in Proc. XVI Brazilian Symposium on Computer Graphics and Image Processing, pp.406-412, Oct., 2003 https://doi.org/10.1109/SIBGRA.2003.1241037
  11. D. H. Yoo, J. H. Kim, B. R. Lee and M. J. Chung, 'Non-contact Eye Gaze Tracking System by Mapping of Corneal Reflection', in Proc. Fifth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, pp.101-106, May, 2002 https://doi.org/10.1109/AFGR.2002.1004139
  12. J. G. Wang and E. Sung, 'Study on Eye Gaze Estimation', IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernatics, Part B, Vol.32, No.3, pp.332-350, June, 2002 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSMCB.2002.999809
  13. S. W. Shih and J. Liu, 'A Novel Approach to 3D Gaze Tracking Using Stereo Cameras', IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernatics, Part B, Vol.34, No.1, pp.234-245, Feb., 2004 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSMCB.2003.811128
  14. T. Ohno, N. Mukawa and A. Yoshikawa, 'FreeGaze: a Gaze Tracking System for Everyday Gaze Interaction', in Proc. Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications, pp.125-132, 2002 https://doi.org/10.1145/507072.507098
  15. http://www.serrata.com.au/iglassessvga.html#i-glasses%20SVGA%203D
  16. http://www.alphacams.com
  17. Gregory A. Baxes, 'Digital Image Processing-Principles and Application', Wiley

Cited by

  1. Gazing at Games: An Introduction to Eye Tracking Control vol.5, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.2200/S00395ED1V01Y201111CGR014