Overwintering Ecology of the Peach Pyralid Moth, Dichocrosis punctiferalis in Southern Regions of Korea

남부지방에서 복숭아명나방 Dichocrosis punctiferalis의 월동생태

Overwintering ecology of the peach pyralid moth, Dichocrosis punctiferalis Guenee (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) was studied in laboratory and in a chestnut orchard in 2001/2002 winter and 2003 spring. All twenty-four female and fourteen male moths were fruit-feeding type which were emerged from the larvae collected at the same chestnut orchard in 2003 winter. Periodical thermal treatment of overwintering larvae at $25^{\circ}C$ revealed that diapause termination of the larval population started from the end of January and was completed until April 20 in southern region of Korea. Pupation of diapause-terminated larvae started from early May and reached to $100\%$ at June 3 in chestnut orchard. Days to pupation of female larvae after diapause termination were 12.5, 8.9, and 7.5 at $20^{\circ}C,\;25^{\circ}C$, and $30^{\circ}C$, respectively. Those of male larvae were similar to those of females. Pupal periods of female were 14.7, 11.8, and 9.0 days at the three temperatures. Moths of the overwintered generation emerged from May 20 to June 28, and reached to $50\%$ emergence on June 8 to 9 under emergence cage. Attraction of the male moths of overwintered generation to sex pheromone traps showed that the date of $50\%$ catches to the traps were June 17, when data from 3 southern regions of Korea were pooled.

실험실과 밤 재배지에서 2001/2002년 겨울과 2003년 봄에 복숭아명나방 Dichocrosis punctiferalis Guenee (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)의 월동생태를 연구하였다. 같은 밤 재배지에서 2003년 겨울에 채집 우화시킨 24마리의 암컷과 14마리의 수컷은 모두 과수형이었다. 야외에서 월동유충 개체군의 휴면종료는 1월 하순부터 시작하여 4월 20일 이전에 완성되었다. 휴면종료된 유충의 용화는 5월 상순부터 시작하여 6월 3일까지 $100\%$ 용화하였다. 휴면 종료 후 암컷 유충이 용화되기까지의 기간은 20, 25, $30^{\circ}C$에서 각각 12.5일, 8.9일, 7.5일이었다. 용기간은 세 온도에서 각각 14.7일, 11.8일 ,9.0일이었다. 휴면 후 월동세대 성충의 우화시기는 5월 20일부터 6월 28일까지이었으며, $50\%$ 우화시기는 6월 8일-9일이었다. 그러나 산청, 하동, 진주 세 지역의 성페로몬 트램에 포획된 수컷의 수를 종합하면 $50\%$ 포획시기는 6월 17일이었다.