초록
본 실험은 제조회사 매뉴얼과 통법에 의해서 Amalgam 합금, Ni-Cr alloy의 Crown용 Verabond, Denture용 Talladium $^{TM}alloy$로 각각 24개의 총 72의 시편을 하악 제1대구치근 원심 치관 폭경과 임상에서의 MOD cavity를 고려하여 제작하였고 인공 타액 80ml를 담은 200ml 용 비이커에 시편을 넣어 0mm, 7mm, 40mm 거리에서 7일 후 갈바닉 부식을 측정하였다. 유리금속은 유도 플라즈마 방출 분광기(Inductively Coupled Plasma - Atomic Emission Spectrometer(ICP-AES, JY-50P, VG Elemental Co. France)로 전해액내의 Cu, Ag, Ni, Cr, Sn, Zn, Hg를 정량 분석했으며 그 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, Cu, Sn, Ag, Hg, Zn은 아말감이 금 합금과 접촉했을 때가 크라운용 Ni-Cr alloy와 덴쳐용 Talladium alloy 보다 아주 많이 유리 했으며 금 합금이 구강조직과 생체 적합성이 가장 좋다지만 아말감과 함께 있을 때 가장 불리 했슴을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 아말감이 금 합금과 접촉했을 때, 금 합금의 조성에서 Ni, Cr 같은 중금속이 함유되지 않았기 때문인지 전혀 유리되지 않았으나 Sn은 조성에는 없었지만 $227.1{\pm}18.0035{\mu}g/cm^2$나 유리 되었고 Hg도 유리되었는데 이는 아말감 자체의 유리 물질임을 추측할 수 있었다. 셋째, 아말감 합금과 금 합금 사이에서의 0mm, 7mm, 40mm 거리에서는 Cu, Ag는 유의성이 있었으며 Hg는 유의성이 없었다. 이는 금합금은 절대 아말감과 같이 사용해서 안되며 이종 보철물 사이의 거리에 관계없이 사용을 금해야 하는 것으로 사료된다. 넷째, 아말감합금이 Crown용 Ni-Cr 합금과 접촉했을 때 아말감의 Ag이 유리 되지 않았으며 Zn, Ni, Sn, Hg, Cu의 순으로 유리되었다. 0mm, 7mm, 40mm 거리에 따라서 유의성이 있었다. Hg는 유리 되지 않았지만 중금속인 Ni, Cr은 유리되었고 반대 악궁이나 거리가 떨어져 있으면 접촉보다 Hg의 유리가 적었다. 다섯째, 아말감합금이 Denture용 Talladium alloy 합금과 접촉했을 때 0mm, 7mm, 40mm 거리에서도 유의성이 있었다. 0mm, 7mm, 40mm 거리에 따라서 유의성이 있었다. Hg는 유리 되지 않았지만 중금속인 Ni, Cr은 유리되었고 반대 악궁이나 거리가 떨어져 있으면 접촉보다 Hg의 유리가 적었다. 여섯째, 인공 타액에서 접촉 시 Amalgam alloy와 Gold, Verabond, Talladium alloy의 Cu, Sn, Ag, Hg, Zn, Ni, Cr의 ICPES 검사 결과 Cu, Hg가 유의성을 있었다. 일곱째, 인공타액에서 아말감합금과 두 비귀금속인 Ni-Cr alloy(crown용), Denture용 Talladium alloy가 접촉한 경우 거리에 따른 Hg, Ni, Cr의 유리 부산물에서 유의성을 확인했다.
The present study prepared 72 test samples - 24 made of amalgam alloy, 24 of Verabond (Ni-Cr alloy) for crown and 24 of Talladium $^{TM}alloy$ for denture - according to the manufacturers' manuals and general method in consideration of the width of the mesial-distal dental crown of the lower $1^{st}$ molar and MOD cavity in clinics, put them in a 200 ml beaker containing 80 ml of artificial saliva, and measured their galvanic corrosion at distances of 0 mm, 7 mm and 40 mm after 7 days. Isolated metals in the electrolyte such as Cu, Ag, Ni, Cr, Sn, Zn and Hg were quantitatively analyzed with Inductively Coupled Plasma - Atomic Emission Spectrometer (ICP-AES, JY-50P, VG Elemental Co. France), and from the results were drawn conclusions as follows. First, Cu, Sn, Ag, Hg and Zn were highly advantageous when amalgam contacted gold alloy compared to Ni-Cr alloy for crown and Talladium alloy for denture. In addition, although gold alloy was finest in terms of oral tissue and biocompatibility, it was most disadvantageous when it was with amalgam. Second, when amalgam contacted gold alloy, heavy metals such as Ni and Cr were not isolated at all because gold alloy did not contain such elements but Sn was isolated as much as $227.1{\pm}18.0035{\mu}g/cm^2$ although it was not included in the composition either. Hg was also isolated. These elements are assumed to have been isolated from amalgam itself. Third, when amalgam alloy was apart from gold alloy 0 mm, 7 mm and 40 mm, Cu and Ag showed significance but Hg did not. This suggests that gold alloy must not be used together with amalgam, and must not be used between dissimilar prostheses regardless of distance. Fourth, when amalgam alloy contacted Ni-Cr alloy for crown, Ag was not isolated from the amalgam, but Zn, Ni, Sn, Hg and Cu were isolated in order of quantity. Significance was observed according to distance - 0 mm, 7 mm and 40 mm. Hg was not isolated but heavy metals Ni and Cr were isolated. If amalgam alloy was in the opposite arch or it was apart from Ni-Cr alloy for crown, the isolation Hg was less than that when amalgam alloy contacted Ni-Cr alloy for crown. Fifth, when amalgam alloy contacted Talladium alloy for denture, significance was observed at distances of 0mm, 7 mm and 40 mm. Hg was not isolated but heavy metals Ni and Cr were isolated. If amalgam alloy was in the opposite arch or it was apart from Talladium alloy for denture, the isolation Hg was less than that when amalgam alloy contacted Talladium alloy for denture. Sixth, according to the result of ICPES test on Cu, Sn, Ag, Hg, Zn, Ni and Cr of amalgam alloy, gold ally, Verabond and Talladium alloy when these alloys contacted artificial saliva, significance was observed in Cu and Hg. Seventh, when amalgam alloy contracted two non-precious metals Ni-Cr alloy for crown and Talladium alloy for denture in artificial saliva, significance was observed in the isolated by-products of Hg, Ni and Cr according to distance.