Journal of Environmental Science International (한국환경과학회지)

The Korean Environmental Sciences Society (한국환경과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Evaluation of Volatile Organic Compounds Levels in Industrial Complex and Nearby Residential Areas of Daegu

대구지역 공단과 인근 주거지역의 휘발성유기화합물질 오염도 평가

  • 조완근 (경북대학교 환경공학과) ;
  • 이진우 (계명대학교 낙동강환경연구원)
  • Published : 2004.06.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Air pollution from the Daegu industrial complex (Die) in Korea has been a common nuisance and cause of complaints for nearby residents. The current study measured the indoor and outdoor levels of six VOC (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and three isomeric xylenes) at two residential areas with a different proximity to the ODIC, plus the ambient levels at two industrial areas within the boundary of the DDIC. The QA/QC program included the range of correlation coefficient (0.94-0.99) for calibration curves, within the permissible range. Toluene was the most abundant VOC in the ambient air both in residential and industrial areas. Both indoor and outdoor air concentrations of all target VOC except benzene were higher in residential area near the DIC compared to that further away from the DIC. Moreover, the ambient air concentrations of all target VOC except benzene for two industrial sites (A and B) were significantly higher than the outdoor or indoor air concentrations in the two residential areas. The findings further suggested that VOC ambient levels measured in a residential area near the DIC be used as a potential indicator of odor-causing unidentified air pollutants transported from the DIC. Moreover, it was found that the elevated ambient toluene levels outweighed the indoor sources with respect to the environmental exposure of residents nearby the DIC. However, in the residential area further away from the DIC, the toluene indoor sources outweighed the outdoor sources.

Keywords

References

  1. International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC), 1987, Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk to Humans, Supplement 7, 11-12.
  2. Tancrede, M. R., W. L. Zeise and E. A. C. Crouch, 1987, The carcinogenic risk of some organic vapors indoors: a theoretical survey, Atmos. Environ., 21, 2187-2205. https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(87)90351-9
  3. U.S. EPA, 1990, Cancer risk from outdoor exposure to air toxics, PA-450/1-90-004a.
  4. Mehlman, M. A., 1998, Dangerous and cancer-causing properties of products and chemicals in the oil-refining and petrochemical industries. Part-XXV: Neurotoxic, allergic, and respiratory effects in humans from water and air contaminated by MTBE in gasoline, J. Clean Technol. Environ. Toxicol. Occup. Med., 7, 65-84.
  5. 환경부, 1996, 대기오염물질 위해성 평가 및 관리기술.
  6. 한화진, 1994, 대기 중 유해물질 관리대책, 환경기술개발원, 4-5pp.
  7. 조완근, 강귀화, 우형택, 박종길, 1995, 미규모 환경에서의 휘발성 유기화합물질 노출, 한국환경과학회지, 5, 447-459.
  8. Monod, A., B. C. Sive, P. Avino, T. Chen, D. R. Blake and F. S. Rowland, 2001, Monoaromatic compounds in ambient air of various cities: a focus on correlations between the xylenes and ethylbenzene, Atmos. Environ. 35, 135-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(00)00274-0
  9. Brodzinsky, Rand H. B. Singh, 1983, Volatile Organic Chemicals in the Atmosphere: An Assessment of Available Data, Environmental Sciences Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA, EPA-600/3-83-027(a).
  10. Lioy, P. J., 1990, Assessing total human exposure to contaminants, Environ. Sci. Technol., 24, 938-945. https://doi.org/10.1021/es00077a001
  11. Lioy, P. J. and J. M. Daisey, 1986, Airborne-toxic elements and organic substances, Environ. Sci. Technol., 20(1), 8-14. https://doi.org/10.1021/es00143a001
  12. USEPA, 1995, Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factor, Vol. 1, Stationary Point and Area Sources, AP-42.
  13. U.S. EPA, 1993, Staten Island/New Jersey Urban Air Toxics Assessment Project Report, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA/902/R-93-001.
  14. Jo, W. K., L. Berrafato, C. Pietarinen and A. Digioia, 1988, Field Sampling for Volatiles at a Residential Site, 81st Annual Meeting of Air Pollution Control Association, Dallas, Texas.
  15. Wallace, L. A, E. D. Pellizzari, T. D. Hartwell, V. Davis, L. C. Michael and R. W. Whitmore, 1989, The influence of personal activities on exposure to volatile organic compounds, Environ. Res., 50, 37-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-9351(89)80047-7
  16. Edwards, R. D., J. Jurvelin, K. Koistinen, K. Saarela and M. Jantunen, 2001, VOC source identification from personal and residential indoor, outdoor and workplace microenvironment samples in EXPOLIS-Helsinki, Finland, Atmos. Environ., 35, 4829-4841. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(01)00271-0
  17. Ilgen, E., N. Karfich, K. Levsen, J. Angerer, P. Schneider, J. Heinrich, H. Wichmann, L. Dunemann and J. Begerow, 2001, Aromatic hydrocarbons in the atmospheric environment: Part I. Indoor versus outdoor sources, the influence of traffic, Atmos. Environ., 35, 1235-1252. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(00)00388-5
  18. Choi, D. H., 2000, Implementation of odor abatement program in the southern area of Daegu. Environmental Pollution Management Department, Daegu Regional Environmental Management Agency, MD-67221-1249.
  19. Industrial Safety & Health Bureau (ISHB), 1994, Handbook of Industrial Hygiene Affairs, Industrial Safety Department, Ministry of Labor, Republic of Korea.
  20. Kim, S. D., 1999, General Information of Korean Petroleum Chemistry, Chemical Information Service, Seoul, Korea, 74-76pp.