Effect of Pretreatment Conditions on ${\gamma}-Aminobutyric$ Acid Content of Brown Rice and Germinated Brown Rice

전처리 조건이 현미 및 발아현미의 ${\gamma}-aminobutyric$ acid 함량에 미치는 영향

  • Published : 2004.10.31

Abstract

Effects of pretreatment conditions on ${\gamma}-aminobutyric$ acid (GABA) contents of brown rice and germinated brown rice were investigated. As steeping time increased, GABA contents of brown rices increased gradually. The highest GABA content, 3.33mg/100g, was found in brown rice steeped at $40^{\circ}C$ for 8 hr. GABA content of brown rice decreased significantly at pH 8 (p<0.05), but changed slightly at pH of steeping solution ranging 4-7. Steeping of brown rices in glutamate solution increased GABA contents. Brown rice steeped in glutamate solution at 200-300 ppm showed GABA content between $4.09{\pm}0.48-4.11{\pm}0,47mg/100g$, which was much higher than that of untreated brown rice. Anaerobic treatment of brown rices using $N_2$ gas increased GABA contents, ranging from $4,70{\pm}0.49\;to\;4.92{\pm}0.83mg/100g$. Germinated brown rice steeped in glutamate solution under anaerobic condition had GABA content of $5.92{\pm}0.72mg/100g$, two-fold higher than that of untreated brown rice, $3.05{\pm}0.67mg/100g$. Optimum pretreatment condition established in this study could significantly increase GABA content in germinated brown rice.

발아현미의 대표적 기능성 성분인 GABA의 함량을 증진시키기 위한 적정 전처리 조건을 확립하기 위하여 여러 가지 침지조건을 검토하였다. 현미를 $40^{\circ}C$에서 침지하였을 때 침지시간이 경과함에 따라 GABA 함량이 계속 증가하여 8시간 후 GABA 함량이 3.33mg/100g으로 가장 크게 증가하였으며, 침지용액의 pH를 변화하였을 때 pH 4-7 범위에서는 GABA 함량이 큰 차이를 나타내지 않은 반면 pH 8에서는 GABA 함량이 유의적으로 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 glutamate 용액을 침지용액으로 사용하였을 때 200-300ppm의 농도에서 GABA 함량이 $0.49{\pm}0.48-4.11{\pm}0.47mg/100g$으로 glutamate 무첨가구에 비해 크게 증가한 값을 나타내었다. 현미를 침지후 질소가스로 충진하여 GABA 생성에 대한 혐기처리의 효과를 조사한 결과 $4.70{\pm}0.49-4.92{\pm}0.83mg/100g$의 GABA 함량을 나타내어 혐기처리의 효과가 상당히 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이를 발아시켰을 때 $5.92{\pm}0.72mg/100g$의 GABA 함량을 나타내어 실온에서 물 침지하여 발아시킨 경우의 3.05mg/100g에 비해 약 2배의 높은 GABA 함량을 나타내어 확립된 전처리 조건이 발아현미의 GABA 함량 증진에 상당히 기여함을 확인할 수 있었다.

Keywords

References

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