Seasonal Variation Patterns of Tidal Flat Sediments in Semi-enclosed Hampyong and Kwangyang Bays, West and South Coasts of Korea

한반도 서해안과 남해안의 반페쇄된 만에서 조간대 퇴적물의 계절변화에 관한 비교 연구: 서해안의 함평만과 남해안의 광양만

  • Ryu, Sang-Ock (Foculty of Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences, Chonnam National University)
  • 류상옥 (전남대학교 지구환경과학부)
  • Published : 2003.10.31

Abstract

To investigate the seasonal variation patterns of tidal flat sediments in semi-enclosed Hampyong and Kwangyang Bays, respectively west and south coasts of Korea, accumulation rate and grain-size in the sediments were monitored during 2${\sim}$4 years. The mud flats in the northern and eastern parts of Hampyong Bay were eroded in summer and deposited in winter, but mixed flats in the southern part of the bay show reversed seasonal variations to the mud flats. These variations are most likely connected with wave actions induced by monsoon and physiographic setting of the tidal flats in the bay. In contrast, the tidal flats of Kwangyang Bay were eroded in summer and deposited in other seasons except summer, different from the case of Hampyong Bay. The physiography of Kwangyang Bay are characterized by dominant flood tides and weak wave actions. However, in summer, the surface sediments were abruptly eroded by occasional typhoons and heavy rainfall. These weather conditions appear to be important factors to accelerate erosion on the tidal flat in semi-enclosed bays, south coast of Korea.

한반도 서해안과 남해안에 위치한 반폐쇄된 함평만과 광양만에서 조간대 퇴적물의 계절변화를 조사하기 위하여 2${\sim}$4년 동안 입도와 집적률에 대한 모니터링을 실시하였다. 함평만 조간대의 경우, 니질조간대에서는 겨울에 퇴적되고 여름에 침식되는 반면, 혼합조간대에서는 여름에 퇴적되고 겨울에 침식되는 상반된 경향을 보였다. 이와 같은 현상은 함평만 조간대에서는 일차적으로 몬순계절풍에 의한 파랑의 발달과 조간대 지형이 퇴적물의 계절변화에 중요한 요소로 작용하기 때문이다. 그러나 광양만 조간대에서는 가을과 겨울, 봄에 퇴적되고 여름에 침식되어 함평만 조간대와는 다른 양상을 보였다. 이와 같은 현상은 광양만 조간대는 함평만 조간대와는 달리 지형적 특징에 따라 파랑의 발달이 제한되어 상대적으로 창조우세의 조류가 중요한 요소로 작용하기 때문이다. 그러나 여름에는 간헐적으로 발생하는 태풍과 폭우가 조간대의 침식을 가속화하며, 이러한 태풍과 폭우는 파랑의 발달이 제한된 남해안의 반폐쇄된 조간대에서 여름 동안 중요한 침식유발 요인으로 작용할 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

References

  1. 류상옥, 2003, 한반도 남해안 광양만 표층퇴적물 입도의시 . 공간적 변화. 한국해양학회지 "바다" , 8, 127-135
  2. 류상옥, 김주용, 장진호, 2001, 서해남부 무안만의 표층퇴적물 분포와 조간대 퇴적률. 한국지구과학회지, 22, 30-39
  3. 류상옥, 유환수, 이종덕, 1999, 함평만 조간대의 표층퇴적물과 집적률의 계절변화. 한국해양학회지 "바다" , 4, 127-135
  4. 류상옥, 유환수, 전승수, 1997, 한국 서해 남부 함평만 표층퇴적물의 분포 및 특성. 한국지구과학회지, 18, 367-378
  5. 박용안, 이창복, 최진혁, 1984, 광양만의 퇴적환경에 관한연구. 한국해양학회지, 19, 82-88
  6. 박일흠, 이문옥, 1999, 광양만의 해수유동 및 SS 확산에 관한 수치실험. 여수대학교논문집, 14, 629-642
  7. 임동일, 정회수, 추용식, 박광순, 강시환, S-Y Yang, 2002, 한국 서해 남부 함평만의 해안선 변화 연구 I. 해안절벽의 침식과 후퇴. 한국해양학회지 '바다' , 7, 148-156
  8. 장진호, 김여상, 조영길, 1999, 해안침식이 우세한 반폐쇄적조간대의 퇴적작용: 한국 서해안의 함평만. 한국해양학회지 "바다" , 4, 117-126
  9. 추용식, 이희준, 박은순, 이연규, 정갑식, 2000, 만 입구에서 부유퇴적물 거동과 플럭스: 한반도 서해 남부 함평만의 여름철 특성. 한국해양학회지 "바다" , 5, 105-118
  10. 포항종합제철주식회사, 1982, 광양만 수리모형실험 및 조사보고서. 건설부, 322 p
  11. Alexander, C. R., Nittrouer, C. A., DeMaster, D. J., Park, Y. A., and Park, S. C., 1991, Macrotidal mudflats of the southwestern Korea coast: a model for interpreta-tion of intertidal deposits. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 61, 805-824
  12. Anderson, F. E. and Mayer, L. M., 1984, Seasonal and spatial variability of paniculate matter of a muddy inter-tidal flood front. Sedimentology, 31, 383-394 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3091.1984.tb00866.x
  13. Anderson, F. E., 1983, The northern muddy intertidal: aseasonally changing source of suspended sediments to estuarine waters-a review, Canadian Jounal of Fisher-ies and Aquatic Science, 40, 143-159
  14. Anderson, F. E., Black, L., Watling, L. E., Mook, W., and Mayer, L. M., 1981, A temporal and spatial study of mudflat erosion and deposition, journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 51, 729-736
  15. Andersen, T. J. and PejruP, M., 2001, Suspended sediment transport on a temperate, microtidal mudflat, the Dan-ish Wadden Sea. Mahne Geology, 173, 69-85 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(00)00164-X
  16. Chough, S. K. and Kim, D. C., 1981, Dispersal of Bne-grained sediments in the southeastern Yellow Sea: asteady-state model. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 51, 721-728
  17. Chun, S. S., Lee, H. J., Ryu, S. 0., and Yang, B. C., 1998, Seasonal and local variation of sedimentation on the wave-dominated tidal flats, southwestern coast of Korea: comparison between inner-bay and open tidal flats. 15th International Sedimentological Congress, Ali-cante, Spain. (Abstract), 257 p
  18. Dionne, J. C., 1984, An estimate of ice-drifted sediments based on the mud content of the ice cover at Mon-tagny, Middle St. Lawrence Estuary. Marine Geology, 5과, 149-166
  19. Folk, R. L. and Ward, W. C., 1957, Brazos river bar: A study in the significance of grain size parameters. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 27, 3-26 https://doi.org/10.1306/74D70646-2B21-11D7-8648000102C1865D
  20. Folk, R. L., 1968, Petrology of sedimentary rocks. Hemp-hill's, Austin, Texas, 170 p
  21. Frey, R. W., Howard, J. D., Han, S. ]., and Park, B. K., 1989, Sediments and sedimentary sequences on a mod-em macrotidal flat, Inchon, Korea. Joumal of Sedimen-tary Petrology, 59, 28-44
  22. Ingram, R. L., 1971, Sieve analysis, In Carver, R.E. (ed.), Procedures in sedimentary petrology, Willey-Inter Sci-ence, New York, 49-67
  23. Kim, D. C. and Kang, H. J., 1991, Suspended sediment budget in Gwangyang Bay through the Yeosu Sound. Joumal of the Korean Fisheiies Society, 24, 31-38
  24. Klein, G. de V. and Sanders, J. E., 1964, Compahsion of sediments from Bay of Fundy and Dutch Waden Sea tidal flats. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 34, 19-24
  25. Korea Meteorological Adminstration, 1991, Annual Clima-tological report. Report 91-32-2-32. Seoul, 139 p
  26. Korea Meteorological Adminstration, 1992, Annual Clima-tological report. Report 09200-73320-26-7. Seoul, 160 p
  27. Korea Meteorological Adminstration, 1993, Annual Clima-tological report. Report 09200-73320-26-7. Seoul, 242 p
  28. Korea Meteorological Adminstration, 1994, Annual Clima-tological report. Report 09200-73320-26-7. Seoul, 242 p
  29. Korea Meteorological Adminstration, 1995, Annual Clima-tological report. Report 09200-73320-26-7. Seoul, 244 p
  30. Korea Meteorological Adminstration, 1996, Annual Clima-tological report. Repoit 09200-73320-26-7. Seoul, 241 p
  31. Korea Meteorological Adminstration, 1997, Annual Clima-tological repoit. Report 09200-73320-26-7. Seoul, 244 p
  32. Korea Meteorological Adminstration, 1998, Annual Clima-tological report. Report 09200-73320-26-7. Seoul, 247 p
  33. Korea Meteorological Adminstration, 1999, Annual Clima-tological report. Report 11-1360000-000016-10. Seoul, 248 p
  34. Korea Meteorological Adminstration, 2000, Annual Clima-tological report. Report 11-1360000-000016-10. Seoul, 254 p
  35. Lee, H. J., Chu, Y. S., and Park, Y. A. 1999, Sedimentary processes of fine-grained material and the effect of sea-wall construction in the Daeho macrotidal flat-near-shore area, northern west coast of Korea. Mahne Geology, 157, 171-184 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-3227(98)00159-5
  36. Lee, H. J., Chun, S. S., Chang, J. H., and Han, S. J., 1994, Landward migration of isolated shelly sand ridge (chenier) on the macrotidal flat of Gomso Bay, west coast of Korea: controls of storms and typhoon. Jour-nal of Sedimentary Research, 64, 886-893
  37. Milliman, J. D., Shen, H. T., Yang, Z. S., and Meade, R. H., 1985, Transport and deposition of river sediment in the Changjiang estuary and adjacent continental shelf. Condnental Shelf ReseaKh, 4, 37-46 https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-4343(85)90020-2
  38. National Geography Institute, 1983, Basic research report on nearshore environments of Korea. Seoul, Korea. 60 p
  39. National Geography Institute, 1990, Basic research report on deal-shore environments of Korea. Seoul, Korea. 63 p
  40. Pejrup, M. and Andersen, T. J., 2000, The influence of ice on sediment transport, deposition and reworking in a temperate mudflat area, the Danish Wadden Sea. Cond-nental Shelf Research, 20, 1621-1634 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0278-4343(00)00040-6
  41. Postma, H., 1961, Transport and accumulation of sus-pended matters in the Dutch Wadden Sea, Netherlands. Journal of Sea Research, 1, 148-196 https://doi.org/10.1016/0077-7579(61)90004-7
  42. Ryu, S. O., 2003, Seasonal variation of sedimentary pro-cesses in a semi-enclosed bay: Hampyong Bay, Korea. Estuanne, Coastal and Shelf Science, 56, 481 -492 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7714(02)00199-3
  43. Wells, J. T. and Huh, 0. K., 1984, Pall-season patterns of turbidity and sediment transport in the Korea Strait and southeastern Yellow Sea. In Ichiye, T. (ed.), Ocean hydrodynamics of the Japan and East China Seas. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 387-397
  44. Wells, J. T, 1988, Distribution of suspended sediment in the Korea Strait and southeastern Yellow Sea: onset of winter monssons. Maiine Geology, 83, 273-284
  45. Wells, J. T. and Coleman, J. M., 1981, Physical processes and line-grained sediment dynamics, coast of Surinam, South America. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 51, 1053-1068
  46. Wells, J. T, Adams, C. E., Park, Y. A., and Frankenberg, E. W, 1990, Morphology, sedimentology and tidal channel processes on a high-tide-range mudflat, west coast of South Korea. Marine Geology, 53, 1-22 https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(83)90031-2
  47. Yang, B. C. and Chun, S. S., 2001, A seasonal model of surface sedimentation on the Baeksu open-coast inter-tidal flat, southwestern coast of Korea. Geosciences Journal, 5, 251-262 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02910308