Toxicological Research

Korean Society of Toxicology & Korea Environmental Mutagen Society (한국독성학회)
권호 표지

Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Chitosan on the Metabolism of Lead in Rats

랫드에 있어서 키토산이 납중독의 대사에 미치는 영향

  • Published : 2003.12.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of chitosan on lead metabolism in SD rats. Ten male rats were divided into a experimental group and a control group. Each experimental and control rats were administered by water contaminated with 100 mg/l of lead for 4 weeks, respectively. Experimental group received diets supplemented artificially with 5% of chitosan for 4 weeks. Body weight change, food and water consumption, fecal and urinary excretion, and fecal and urinary lead excretion were measured. There were no significant differences in body weight gain, food and water consumption, and fecal and urinary excretion between the two groups. However, fecal lead excretion of rats fed the diet containing 5% of chitosan were higher than the control group. Whereas urinary lead excretion of rats fed the diet containing 5% of chitosan were lower than the control group. The results suggested that the oral administration of chitosan prevents the gastrointestinal lead absorption in rats.

Keywords

References

  1. Bartik, M. and Piskac, A. (1981): Veterinary toxicology, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, New York, pp. 108-118
  2. Bernkop-Schnurch, A. and Kast, C.E. (2001): Chemically modified chitosans as enzyme inhibitors. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 52, 127-137
  3. Borchard, G. and Junginger, H.E. (2001): Modern drug delivery applications of chitosan. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev., 52, 103
  4. Cardenas, G., Orlando, P. and Edelio, T. (2001): Synthesis and applications of chitosan mercaptanes as heavy metal retention agent. Int. J. BioI. Macromol., 28, 167-174 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-8130(00)00156-2
  5. Chu, K.H. (2002): Removal of copper from aqueous solution by chitosan in prawn shell: adsorption equilibrium and kinetics. J. Hazard Mater., 90, 77-95 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3894(01)00332-6
  6. Dambies, L., Vincent, T., Domard, A. and Guibal, E. (2001): Preparation of chitosan gel beads by ionotropic molybdate gelation. Biomacromolecules, 2, 1198-1205
  7. Gruden, N. and Stantic, M. (1975): Transfer of lead through the rat's intestinal wall. Sci. Total Environ., 3, 288-292
  8. Hallen, I.P. and Oskarsson, A. (1993): Dose dependent transfer of 203lead to milk and tissue uptake in suckling off-spring studied in rats and mice. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 73, 174-179
  9. Hankin, L., Heichel, G.H. and Botsford, R.A. (1975): Lead in pet foods and processed organ meats. J. Am. Med. Assoc., 231, 484-485 https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.231.5.484
  10. Huang, H., Tian, H., Li, X. and Zhao, G. (2001): Hypoglycemic effect of chitosan-microcapsulated insulin on the blood glucose level of streptozotocin-diabetic Wistar rats. Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi, 18, 425-427, 460
  11. Ishii, H., Minegishi, M., Lavitpichayawong, B. and Mitani, T. (1995): Synthesis of chitosan-amino acid conjugates and their use in heavy metal uptake. Int. J. BioI. Macromol., 17, 21-23 https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-8130(95)93513-W
  12. Ito, M., Ban, A. and Ishihara, M. (2000): Anti-ulcer effects of chitin and chitosan, healthy foods, in rats. Jpn. J. Pharmacol., 82, 218-225
  13. Jeon, Y.J. and Kim, S.K. (1999): Effects of chitooligosac-chrides on acute oral toxicity. J. Chitin and Chitosan, 4, 115-120
  14. Kas, H.S. (1997): Chitosan: Properties, preparations and application to microparticulate system. J. Microencapsul., 14, 689-711 https://doi.org/10.3109/02652049709006820
  15. Kim, S.K., Park, P.J., Yang, H.P. and Han, S.S. (2001): Subacute toxicity of chitosan oligosaccharide in Sprague Dawley rats. Arzneimittelforschung, 51, 769-774
  16. Koller, L.D. (1980): Public health risks of environmental contaminants: Heavy metals and industrial chemicals. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 176, 525-529
  17. Lansdown, R. and Yule, W. (1986): Lead toxicity: History and environmental impact, Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, pp. 1-286
  18. Muzzarelli, C. and Muzzarelli, R.A. (2002): Natural and artificial chitosan-inorganic composites. J. Inorg. Biochem., 92, 89-94 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0162-0134(02)00486-5
  19. Muzzarelli, R.A., Mattioli-Belmonte, M., Tietz, C., Biagini, R., Ferioii, G., Brunelli, M.A., Fini, M., Giardino, R., Ilari, P. and Biagini, G. (1994): Stimulatory effect on bone formation exerted by a modified chitosan. Biomaterials, 15, 1075-1081 https://doi.org/10.1016/0142-9612(94)90093-0
  20. Muzzarelli, R.A., Muzzarelli, C., Tarsi, R., Miliani, M., Gabbanelli, F. and Cartolari, M. (2001): Fungistatic activity of modified chitosans against Saprolegnia parasitica. Biomacromolecules, 2, 165-169
  21. Muzzarelli, R.A. and Rocchetti, R. (1974): The determination of copper in sea water by atomic absorption spectrometry with a graphite atomizer after elution from chitosan. Anal. Chim. Acta., 69, 35-42
  22. Navarro, R.R., Tatsumi, K., Sumi, K. and Matsumura, M. (2001): Role of anions on heavy metal sorption of a cellulose modified with poly(glycidyl methacrylate) and polyethyleneimine. Water Res., 35, 2724-2730
  23. No, H.K., Cho, Y.I., Kim, H.R. and Meyers, S.P. (2000): Effective deacetylation of chitin under conditions of 15 psi/121 degrees C. J. Agric. Food Chem., 48, 2625-2627 https://doi.org/10.1021/jf990842l
  24. Park, J.K. (1999): The chitin catabolic cascade in microorganism. J. Chitin and Chitosan, 4, 77-83
  25. Piron, E. and Domard, A. (1998): Formation of a ternary complex between chitosan and ion pairs of strontium carbonate. Int. J. BioI. Macromol., 23, 113-120 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-8130(98)00039-7
  26. Radostits, O.M., Blood, D.C. and Gay, C.C. (1994): Veterinary medicine: A textbook of the diseases of cattle, sheep, pigs, goats and horses (8th edition), Bailliere Tindall, London, pp. 1469-1480
  27. Song, C.W., Hwang, H.S. and Han, H.S. (1990): Studies on the basic data of ktc: SD rats with age. Kor. J. Anim. Sci., 6, 33-43
  28. Thompson, G.N., Robertson, E.F. and Fitzerald, S. (1985): Lead mobilization during pregnancy. Med. J. Aust., 143, 131
  29. Ylitalo, R., Lehtinen, S., Wuolijoki, E., Ylitalo, P. and Lehtimaki, T. (2002): Cholesterol-lowering properties and safety of chitosan. Arzneimittelforschung, 52, 1-7