Dietary Acculturation: Definition, Process, Assessment, and Implications

  • Satia-About a, Jessie (Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)
  • Published : 2003.06.01

Abstract

Over the past few decades, changes in patterns of behavior (e.g., diet, smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity) have led to major changes in health status, characterized by increases in obesity, Type II diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and some cancers. This epidemiologic transition is largely the result of rapid increases in immigration to developed countries and rural-urban migration within developing countries, which is usually accompanied by environmental and lifestyle changes. In particular, adoption of “Western” dietary patterns, which tend to be high in fat and low in fruits and vegetables, is of concern since diet is a potent contributor to chronic disease risk. However, until recently, the process by which immigrants and rural-urban migrants adopt the dietary practices predominant in their new environments, known as dietary acculturation, has received very little research attention. Dietary acculturation is multidimensional, dynamic, and complex, and varies considerably depending on a variety of personal, cultural, and environmental characteristics. Therefore, to intervene successfully on the negative aspects of dietary acculturation, it is important to understand the process and identify factors that predispose and enable it to occur. The purpose of this article is to provide a practical model for understanding and investigating the effect of dietary acculturation on food and nutrient intake. Thus, this report 1) gives an overview of acculturation, 2) defines dietary acculturation and presents a model for how it occurs, 3) discusses measurement issues around dietary acculturation,4) reviews the literature on dietary acculturation in Korean Americans; 4) suggests a paradigm for acculturation research; and 5) offers some recommendations for future research in this area.

Keywords

References

  1. No authors listed. Proceedings of The Bellagio Conference on the Nutrition Transition and it's Implications for Health in the Developing World. August 20-24, 2001. Bellagio, Italy. Public Health Nutr. 2002 Feb; 5(1A): 93-280
  2. Omran AR. The epidemiologic transition: a theory of the epidemiology of population change. Milbank Q. 1971; 49:509-38
  3. Popkin BM. An overview on the nutrition transition and its health implications: the Bellagio meeting. Public Health Nutr. 2002 Feb; 5(1A): 93-103
  4. Altarejos RG. Urbanization in 21st century. Popul Forum. 1990; (1): 9-10
  5. Yusuf S, Reddy S, Ounpuu S, Anand S. Global burden of cardiovascular diseases: part I: general considerations, the epidemiologic transition, risk factors, and impact of urbanization. Circulation. 2001 Nov 27; 104(22): 2746-53 https://doi.org/10.1161/hc4601.099487
  6. United States Census 2000. U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division, Ethnic & Hispanic Statistics Branch. U.S. Foreign-born population 2000. Available at http://www.census.gov/population/estimates/nation/nativity/fbtab002.txt. Accessed June 19, 2003
  7. United States Census 2000. U.S, Census Bureau, Population Division, Ethnic & Hispanic Statistics Branch. U.S. Foreign-born population 2000. Available at http://www.census.gov/population/socdemo/foreign/p20-534/slideshow/ts1d002.htm. Accessed June 19, 2003
  8. Ziegler RG,Hoover RN, Pike MC, Hildesheim A, Nomura AM, West DW, Wu-Williams AH, Kolonel LN, Hom-Ross PL, Rosenthal JF, et al. Migration patterns and breast cancer risk in Asian American women. J Natl Cancer Inst 1993;85:1819-27 https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.22.1819
  9. Kin K, Lee JH, Kushida K, Sartoris DJ, Ohmura A, Clopton PL, Inoue T. Bone density and body composition on the Pacific rim: a comparison between Japan-born and U.S.-born Japanese-American women. J Bone Mineral Res 1993;8:861-9
  10. Benjelloun S. Nutrition transition in Morocco. Public Health Nutr. 2002 Feb;5(1A): 135-40
  11. World Cancer Research Fund and the American Institute for Cancer Research, Food, Nutrition, and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective. Potter J., ed. Washington DC: American Institute for Cancer Research; 1997
  12. National Research Council and Committee on Diet and Health. Diet and Health: Implications for Reducing Chronic Disease, Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1989
  13. U.S. Dept of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, DHHS(PHS) publication 88-50210, The Surgeon General's Report on Nutrition and Health, Washington, DC; 1988
  14. Martin N. Marger. Race and Ethnic Relations: American and Global Perspectives. 5th ed. Stanford, CT: Wadsworth; 2000
  15. Berry JW. Social and cultural change. In: HC Trandis & R. Brislin, eds. Handbook of Cross-cultural Psychology. Boston, Mass; Allyn and Bacon; 1980
  16. Szapocznik J, Kurtines W. Acculturation, biculturalism, and adjustment among Cuban Americans. In: Padilla AM, ed. Acculturation: Theory, Models, and Some New Findings. Boulder, Colorado: Westview; 1980:130-159
  17. Sodowsky DR, Plake BS. Psychometric properties of the American-International Relations Scale. Educ Psychol Meas 1991;51 :207-217 https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164491511020
  18. Negy C, Woods DJ. The importance of acculturation in understanding research with Hispanic Americans. Hisp J of Behav Sci 1992; 14(2):224-247 https://doi.org/10.1177/07399863920142003
  19. Satia JA, Patterson RE, Kristal AR, Hislop TG, Yasui Y, Taylor VM. Development of dietary acculturation scales among Chinese Americans and Chinese Canadians. J Am Diet Assoc 2001;101:548-553 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8223(01)00137-7
  20. Otero-Sabogal R, Sabogal F, Perez-Stable EJ, Hiatt RA. Dietary practices, alcohol consumption, and smoking behavior: ethnic, sex, and acculturation differences. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 1995;(18):73-82
  21. Satia JA, Patterson RE, Taylor VM, Cheney CL, Shiu-Thornton S, Chitnarong K, Kristal AR. Use of qualitative methods to study diet, acculturation, and health in Chinese American women. J Am Diet Assoc 2000 Aug;100(8):934-40 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8223(00)00269-8
  22. Yang GP, Fox HM. Food habit changes of Chinese persons living in Lincoln, Nebraska. J Am Diet Assoc 1979 Oct;75:420-424
  23. Lee SK, Sobal J, Frongillo EA. Acculturation and dietary practices among Korean Americans. J Am Diet Assoc 1999 Sep;99(9): 1084-9 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8223(99)00258-8
  24. Pan YL, Dixon Z, Himburg S, Huffinan F. Asian students change their eating patterns after living in the United States. J Am Diet Assoc 1999 Jan;99(1):54-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8223(99)00016-4
  25. Raj S, Ganganna P, Bowering J. Dietary habits of Asian Indians in relation to length of residence in the United States. J Am Diet Assoc 1999 Sep;99(9):1106-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8223(99)00266-7
  26. Bermudez OI, Falcon LM, Tucker KL. Intake and food sources of macronutrients among older Hispanic adults: association with ethnicity, acculturation, and length of residence in the United States. J Am Diet Assoc 2000 Jun;100(6):665-73 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8223(00)00195-4
  27. Pinhas L, Toner BB,Ali A, Garfinkel PE, Stuckless N. The effects of the ideal of female beauty on mood and body satisfaction. Int J Eat Disord 1999 Mar;25(2):223-6 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-108X(199903)25:2<223::AID-EAT12>3.0.CO;2-B
  28. Taylor CB, Sharpe T, Shisslak C, Bryson S, Estes LS, Gray N, McKnight KM, Crago M, Kraemer HC, Killen JD. Factors associated with weight concerns in adolescent girls Int J Eat Disord 1998 Jul;24(1):31-42
  29. Satia JA, Patterson RE, Kristal AR, Teh C, Tu SP. Psychosocial predictors of diet and acculturation in Chinese American and Chinese Canadian women. Ethn Health 2002 Feb;7(1):21-39 https://doi.org/10.1080/13557850220146975
  30. Auld GW, Bruhn CM, McNulty J, Bock MA, Gabel K, Lauritzen G, Medeiros D, Newman R, Nitzke S, Ortiz M, Read M, Schutz H, Sheehan ET. Reported adoption of dietary fat and fiber recommendations among consumers. J Am Diet Assoc 2000 Jan;100(1):52-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8223(00)00020-1
  31. Chang B. Some dietary beliefs in Chinese folk culture. J Am Diet Assoc 1974;65:
  32. Guendelman S, Abrams B. Dietary intake among Mexican-American women: generational differences and a comparison with white non-Hispanic women. Am J Public Health. 1995 Jan;85(1):20-5 https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.85.1.20
  33. Kudo Y, Falciglia GA, Couch SC. Evolution of meal patterns and food choices of Japanese-American females born in the United States. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2000 Aug;54(8):665-70
  34. Cuellar I, Harris LC, Jasso R. An Acculturation Scale for Mexican Americans Normal and Clinical Populations. Hispanic J of Behavioral Sciences 1980;2(3): 199-217
  35. Suinn RM, Rickard-Figueroa K, Lew S, Vigil P. The Suinn-Lew Asian Self-Identity Acculturation Scale: An Initial Report. Educational and Psychological Measurement 1987;47:401-407 https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164487472012
  36. Anderson J, Moeschberger M, Chen MS, Kunn P, Wewers ME, Guthrie R. An Acculturation Scale for Southeast Asians. Social Psychiatry Epidemiology 1993;289;134-141
  37. Marin G, Sabogal F. Development of a short acculturation scale for Hispanics. Hispanic J of Behavioral Sciences 1987;9(2):183-205 https://doi.org/10.1177/07399863870092005
  38. Park S-Y, Paik HY, Skinner JS, Spindler AA, Park H-R. Nutrient intake of Korean American, Korean, and American Adolescents, in press, 2003
  39. Cross NA, Kim KK, Yu ES, Chen EH, Kim J. Assessment of the diet quality of middle-aged and older adult Korean Americans living in Chicago. J Am Diet Assoc. 2002 Apr;102(4):552-4
  40. Lee MJ, Popkin BM, Kim S. Theunique aspects of the nutrition transition in South Korea: the retention of healthful elements in their traditional diet. Public Health Nutr. 2002 Feb;5(lA): 197-203
  41. Achterberg CL. Qualitative research: what do we know about teaching good nutritional habits? J Nutr 1994 Sep;124(9 Suppl): 1808S-1812S
  42. Morgan DL, editor. Successful Focus Groups. Newbury Park, Calif: Sage Publications; 1993
  43. Steckler A, McLeroy KR, Goodman RM, Bird TL, McCormick L. Towards integrating qualitative and quantitative methods: an introduction. Health Educ Q 1992;19:1-8 https://doi.org/10.1177/109019819201900101
  44. Satia JA, Patterson RE, Kristal AR, Hislop TG, Pineda M. A household food inventory for North American Chinese. Public Health Nutr. 2001 Apr;4(2):241-7
  45. Negy C, Woods DJ. The importance of acculturation in understanding research with Hispanic Americans. Hisp J of Behav Sci 1992;14(2):224-247 https://doi.org/10.1177/07399863920142003
  46. Solis JM, Marks G, Garcia M, Shelton D. Acculturation, access to care, and use of preventive services by Hispanics: findings from HHANES 1982-84. Am J Public Health. 1990 Dec;80 Suppl:11-9 https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.80.Suppl.11