미생물비료 생물자원인 불용성인산 가용화 세균의 분리, 동정 및 생리적 특성

Isolation, Identification and Physiological Characteristics of Biofertilizer Resources, Insoluble Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria

  • 발행 : 2003.03.01

초록

환경친화적인 미생물인산비료를 개발하기 위하여 불용성 인산을 가용화 시킬 수 있는 세균을 콩의 근권 토양으로부터 분리하였다. 분리균주의 분류학적 위치를 검토한 결과, Pantoea agglomerans로 동정되었다. 불용성 인산인 $Ca_{3}(PO_{4})_{2}$)로부터 가용성 인산을 생성하기 위한 최적 배지 및 배양조건은 glucose 3%, $NH_{4}NO_{3}$ 0.1%, $MgSO_{4}\cdot\7H_{2}O$ 0.02%, $CaCl_{2}\cdot\2H_{2}O$, 0.06%,초기 pH 7.5, 배양온도 $30^{\circ}C$이었으며, 최적조건에서 배양 5 일 후,898 mg/L의 인산이 생성되었다. 불용성 인산 가용화 기작은 유기산 생성에 의한 배양액의 pH감소와 밀접한 관계가 있었다. 분리균주는 $CaHPO_{4}$, hydroxyapatite로부터 각각 698,912 mg/L의 가용성 인산을 생성하였으나 $FePO_{4}\cdot\4H_{2}O$, $AIPO_{4}$로부터는 각각 28,19 mg/L.의 가용성 인산을 생성하였다.

To develop environment-friendly biofertilizer solubilizing insoluble phosphates, a bacterium possessing a high ability to solubilize $Ca_{3}(PO_{4})_{2}$) was isolated from the rhizosphere of peas. On the basis of its morphological, cultural, physiological characteristics, and Vitek analysis, this bacterium was identified as Pantoea agglomerans. The optimal medium composition and cultural conditions for the solubilization of insoluble phosphate by P. agglomerans R-38 were 3% of glucose.0.1% of TEX>$NH_{4}NO_{3}$, 0.02% of $MgSO_{4}\cdot\7H_{2}O$, and 0.06% of $CaCl_{2}\cdot\2H_{2}O$ along with initial pH 7.5 at $30^{\circ}C$. The highest soluble phosphate production under optimum condition was 898 mg/L after 5 days of cultivation. The solubilization of insoluble phosphate was associated with a drop in the pH of the culture medium. The strain produced soluble phosphate to the culture broth with the concentrations of 698 mg/L against CaHPO$_4$, 912 mg/L against hydroxyapatite, 28 mg/L against $FePO_{4}\cdot\4H_{2}O$, and 19 mg/L against $AIPO_{4}$, respectively.

키워드

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