DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Design thermal loading for composite bridges in tropical region

  • Au, F.T.K. (Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong) ;
  • Cheung, S.K. (Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong) ;
  • Tham, L.G. (Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong)
  • 투고 : 2002.06.05
  • 심사 : 2002.11.08
  • 발행 : 2002.12.25

초록

In the design of bridges, it is important to consider the thermal stresses induced by the non-linear temperature distribution as well as the variation of effective temperature in the bridge deck. To cope with this, design temperature profiles are provided by design codes, which are normally based on extensive research work. This paper presents the results of a comprehensive investigation on the thermal behaviour of bridges in Hong Kong with special emphasis on composite bridges. The temperature distribution in bridges depends primarily on the solar radiation, ambient air temperature and wind speed in the vicinity. Apart from data of the meteorological factors, good estimates of the thermal properties of material and the film coefficients are necessary for the prediction of temperature distribution. The design temperature profiles for various types of composite bridge deck with bituminous surfacing and concrete slab of different thicknesses are proposed. The factors affecting the design effective temperature are also reviewed and suitable values for Hong Kong are proposed. Results are compared with recommendations of the current local code. The method facilitates the development of site-specific temperature profiles for code documents, and it can also be applied to create zoning maps for temperature loading for large countries where there are great climatic differences.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials(1996), Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges, 16th ed., Washington, D.C., U.S.A.
  2. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials(1998), AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, 2nd ed., Washington, D.C., U.S.A.
  3. Au, F.T.K., Tham, L.G. Tong, M.,(2001), "Design thermal loading for steel bridges in Hong Kong", HKIE Transactions, 8(2), August, 1-9.
  4. Au, F.T.K., Tham, L.G., Tong, Y.M. and Lee, P.K.K.(1999), "An initial review of design thermal loading for bridges in Hong Kong", Proc. of Seminar of Structural Aspects of Airport Core Program Projects, 7 May, 89-103.
  5. AUSTROADS(1992), Bridge Design Code: Section 2 -code and commentary, Sydney.
  6. British Standard Institution (1978), BS5400, Steel, Concrete and Composite Bridges, London, U.K.
  7. Capps, M.W.R.(1968), The Thermal Behavior of the Beachley Viaduct/Wye Bridge, Ministry of Transport, Road Research Laboratory, RRL Rep. LR 234.
  8. Cheung, S.K.(2002), Review of Local Design Code on Temperature Distribution in Composite Bridges, M.Sc.(Eng.) Dissertation, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
  9. Emerson, M.(1968), Bridge Temperatures and Movements in the British Isles, Ministry of Transport, TRRL Rep. LR 228.
  10. Emerson, M.(1973), "The calculation of the distribution of temperature in bridges", Department of theEnvironment, TRRL Rep. LR 561.
  11. Emerson, M. (1976), "Bridge temperatures estimated from the shade temperature", Department of the Environment, TRRL Rep. LR 696.
  12. Evans, D.H.(1972), "An application of numerical integration techniques to statistical tolerencing III -Generaldistribution", Technometrics, 14.
  13. Gumbel, E.J.(1960), Statistics of Extremes, Columbia University Press, New York.
  14. Highways Department(1997), Structures Design Manual for Highways and Railways, 2nd ed, Hong Kong Government.
  15. Hirst, M.J.S.(1981),"Solarheating of bridges", Australian Road Research Board, 11 (2), June, 28-36.
  16. Ho, D. andLiu, C.H.(1989), "Extreme thermal loadings in highway bridges," J. Struct. Div., ASCE, 115(7), July, 1681-96. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1989)115:7(1681)
  17. Hunt, B. and Cooke, N.(1975), "Thermal calculations for bridge design", J. Struct. Div., ASCE, 101, September, 1763-81.
  18. Kennedy, J.B. and Soliman, M.H.(1987), "Temperature distribution in composite bridges", J. Struct. Eng., 113(3), March, 475-82. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1987)113:3(475)
  19. Liu, C.H.(1985), "Investigation of temperature distribution in highway bridges", M. Phil. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
  20. Ministry of Transport(1991), Canada, Ontario Highway Bridge Design Code and Commentary, 3rd ed.
  21. Priestley, M.J.N. (1978), "Design thermal gradient for concrete bridges", New Zealand Engineering, 31(9), 213-219.
  22. Reynolds, J.C. and Emanuel, J.H.(1974), "Thermal stresses and movements in bridges", J. Struct. Div., ASCE, 100, January, 63-78.
  23. Tong, M.Y.(2000), "Temperature distribution in highway bridges", M.Phil. Thesis, The University of HongKong, Hong Kong.
  24. Tong, M., Au, F.T.K., Tham, L.G. and Wong, K.Y.(2000), "A study of temperature measurement in long span steel bridge", Proc. of Workshop on Research and Monitoring of Long Span Bridges, The University of Hong Kong, 26-28 April, 188-195.
  25. Tong, M., Tham, L.G., Au, F.T.K. and Lee, P.K.K. (2001), "Numerical modelling for temperature distribution insteel bridges", Computers and Structures, 79(6), February, 583-593. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7949(00)00161-9
  26. Yik, F.W.H.,Chung, T.M. andChan, K.T.(1995), "A method to estimate direct and diffuse radiation in Hong Kong and its accuracy", HKIE Transactions, 2(1), 23-29.
  27. Zuk, W.(1965), "Thermal behaviour of composite bridges -insulated and uninsulated", Highway Research Record, No. 76, 231-253.

피인용 문헌

  1. Monitoring temperature effect on a long suspension bridge 2010, https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.340
  2. The effects of temperature variations on the long-term behaviour of composite steel–concrete beams vol.31, pp.10, 2009, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.05.014
  3. Thermal Load in Large-Scale Bridges: A State-of-the-Art Review vol.9, pp.12, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/217983
  4. Suggestion models of temperature differentials for the composite box girder bridge vol.870, pp.None, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/870/1/012068