The Effects of Mixed Culture with Aspergillus flavus, Aspergilus niger and Penicillium griseofulvum on Aflatoxin and Patulin Production

Aspeygillus flavus, Aspergillus nicer 및 Peniciilum griseofulvum의 혼합배양이 aflatoxin 및 patulin 생성에 미치는 영향

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of mixed culture with mycotoxigenic and non-mycotoxigenic fungi on mycotoxin production. For this work, Aspegillus flavus (aflatoxin producing strain), Aspegillus niger (non-mycotoxigenic strain) and Penicillium griseofulvum (patulin producing strain)were cultured in 5 ml SLS medium for 15 days under single or mixed culture. Aflatoxin was determined by direct competitive ELISA, whereas, patulin was measured by HPLC. The mycelial growth, pH and total acidity were also observed by general methods. The mycelial growth was slightly decreased in the mixed culture, meanwhile total acidity was increased and pH was shown lower than that in single culture. Aspergillus flavus produced 145 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml of aflatoxin for 12 days single culture, but in mixed culture, aflatoxin was decreased to 93%, and was shown as 10.16$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml level. Patulin production in mixed culture was also decreased to 69.3% and was shown only 23.72$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml level as compared with in single culture.

곰팡이독소 생성균과 비생성균의 혼합배양이 곰팡이독소 생성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 Aspergillus flavus (aflatoxin 생성균), Aspergillus nigey(비생성균) 그리고 Penicillium griseofulvum (patulin 생성균)을 5 ml의 SLS 배지에서 15일동안 단독 혹은 혼합배양하였다. Afatoxin의 생성능의 측정은 직접경쟁 ELISA법으로, patulin은 HPLC 법으로 생성능을 측정하였으며, 균의 생육도, pH 그리고 산생성량을 상법에 따라 측정하였다. 그 결과 혼합배양은 전체적으로 균의 생육도를 크게 저하시키지 않은 반면, 산의 생성증가로 pH의 감소를 보였다. Aflatoxin은 12일간의 단독배양시 145 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml이 생성되었으나 혼합배양으로 93%이상이 감소되어 10.26$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml을 생성하였다. Patulin의 경우도 혼합배양으로 단독배양시의 77.82$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml에 비하여 69.5%가 감소된 23.72$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml 수준을 나타내었다.