Preparation of Extract from Acanthopanax koreanum by Extraction Conditions and Its Chemical Compositions

추출조건에 따른 탐라오갈피 진액(Extract)의 제조와 그 성분조성

Extracts of Acanthopanax koreanum Nakai were decreased as the ethanol concentration was increased, but eleutherosides were increased. Extracts were increased as the extraction time was prolonged. Compared to 15 hrs extraction, extract yield and eleutherosides for 5 hrs extraction were 90.6% and 96%, respectively. Yields of extract and eleutherosides were 6.5% and 75% at $100^{\circ}C$. The optimum extraction conditions were obtained from the samples of 4 years' tree harvested at September, which were water and 50% ethanol as solvents, and $90^{\circ}C$ for 5 hrs extraction. Soluble solids, minerals, free sugars, free acids, free amino acids and total eleutherosides in the extract of Acanthopanax koreanum were $48.2{\sim}47.4%$, $4.5{\sim}5.3%$, 11.2711.80%, $3.02{\sim}3.18%$, 185.33 mg/100 $g{\sim}$ 348.14 mg/100 g and 990.84 mg/100 $g{\sim}$l,416.10 mg/100 g, respectively. The extract was viscous and yellowish brown liquid.

탐라오갈피 진액(extract)을 제조하기 위한 최적추출조건과 진액의 성분조성을 분석하였다. 에탄올 농도가 높을수록 진액 수율은 감소한 반면, eleutherosides 수율은 증가하였다. 추출시간이 길수록 진액과 eleutherosides 수율이 모두 높았는데, 5시간 추출하였을 때 15시간 추출한 것에 비하여 진액은 90.6%, eleutherosides는 96% 수준이었다. 추출온도에 따라서도 온도가 높을수록 진액과 eleutherosides 수율이 모두 증가하였으며, $100^{\circ}C$에서 진액 수율은 6.5%, eleutherosides 수율은 약 75%이었다. 추출용매로서 에탄올 농도는 $40{\sim}60%$, 추출시간은 5시간, 온도는 $80{\sim}90^{\circ}C$가 알맞은 것으로 판단되었다. 4년생 탐라오갈피를 9월에 수확하여 최적추출조건인 물과 50% 에탄을로 $90^{\circ}C$에서 5시간동안 추출한 탐라오갈피 진액의 성분은 가용성고형물이 $47.4{\sim}48.2%$, Ca등 무기성분이 $4.5{\sim}5.3%$, 유리당이 $11.27{\sim}11.80%$, 유리산 함량이 $3.02{\sim}3.18%$, 유리아미노산이 $185.33mg/100g{\sim}348.14mg/100\;g$, 총 eleutherosides가 $990.84\;mg/100\;g{\sim}1,416.10\;mg/100\;g$이 함유된 점조성 황갈색 액체이었다.