Distribution of Heavy metals in Soil at Iksan 2nd Industrial Complex Area

익산 제 2공단 토양의 중금속 함량 분포 조사

The purpose of this study was to compare heavy metal concentrations in uncontaminated soil with those in soil influenced by industrial activities, and to investigate the relationship between change of heavy metal content and the kind of industry at the Iksan 2nd Industrial Complex that has started since 1995. Soils sampled in 0-3 cm and 3-6 cm soil depth, respectively were analized for content of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn. The content of Cd in soil layer of 0 to 3 cm was 0.07-4.37ppm range, average concentration was 0.516ppm and 3-6 cm was 0.07-8.52ppm range, average concentration was 0.380ppm. Area of the chemicals, dyes and metal products manufacturing were higher than the other manufacturing area in Industrial Complex. The content of Cu in soil layer of 0 to 3 cm was 0.61-42.62ppm range, average concentration was 11.087ppm and 3-6 cm was 0.16-35.45ppm range, average concentration was 7.578ppm. Area of the metal products manufacturing were higher than the other manufacturing area in Industrial Complex. The content of Ni in soil layer of 0 to 3 cm was 0.19-15.93ppm range, average concentration was 5.525ppm and 3-6 cm was 0.39-15.59ppm range, average concentration was 5.310ppm. Area of the metal and chemical products manufacturing were higher than the other manufacturing area in Industrial Complex. The content of Pb in soil layer of 0 to 3 cm was 3.10-55.75ppm range, average concentration was 23.543ppm and 3-6 cm was 3.35-46.55ppm range, average concentration was 19.198ppm. Area of the chemicals and metal products manufacturing were higher than the other manufacturing area in Industrial Complex. The content of Zn in soil layer of 0 to 3 cm was 26.50-943.00ppm range, average concentration was 158.329ppm and 3-6 cm was 35.45-882.45ppm range, average concentration was 127.914ppm. Area of the chemicals and metal products manufacturing were higher than the other manufacturing area in Industrial Complex. As the result, this study was to compare Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn average concentration in uncontaminated soil of world with those in soil, that Cu, Ni were uncontaminated concentration level, Cd was somewhat higher compare with the concentration level of world, Pb and Zn were very higher. Soil contaminated degree of Iksan 2nd Industrial Complex was known a difference by type of industrial activities(chemical, dyes and metal of products)

익산 제 2공단은 1995년 조성 후 생산활동이 진행됨에 따른 토양의 중금속 함량을 비오염지의 자연토양 중 함량과 비교하고, 산업활동의 유형에 따른 토양중 중금속 함량 변화와의 관계를 구명하기 위하여 주로 표층토를 중심으로 $0{\sim}3\;cm$, $3{\sim}6\;cm$ 토양층에 있는 Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb 및 Zn의 함량을 조사${\cdot}$분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. Cd의 함량의 경우 $0{\sim}3\;cm$ 층은 $0.07\;{\sim}\;4.375\;ppm$ 범위로 평균 0.516 ppm, $3{\sim}6\;cm$ 층은 $0.07{\sim}8.52\;ppm$ 범위로 평균 0.380 ppm 이었으며, 화학제품, 염료 및 금속제품을 생산하는 지역이 높았다. 2. Cu의 함량 분포의 경우 $0{\sim}3\;cm$ 층은 $0.61\;{\sim}\;42.62\;ppm$ 범위로 평균 11.087 ppm, $3{\sim}6\;cm$ 층은 $0.16{\sim}35.45\;ppm$ 범위로 평균 7.578 ppm 이었으며, 금속제품을 생산하는 지역이 주로 높았다. 3. Ni의 함량 분포의 경우 $0{\sim}3\;cm$ 층은 $0.19\;{\sim}\;15.93\;ppm$ 범위로 평균 5.525 ppm, $3{\sim}6\;cm$ 층은 $0.39{\sim}15.59\;ppm$ 범위로 평균 5.310 ppm 이었으며, 금속 및 화학제품을 생산하는 지역이 주로 높았다. 4. Pb의 함량 분포의 경우 $0{\sim}3\;cm$ 층은 $3.10\;{\sim}\;55.75\;ppm$ 범위로 평균 23.543 ppm, $3{\sim}6\;cm$ 층은 $3.35{\sim}46.55\;ppm$ 범위로 평균 19.198 ppm 이었으며, 화학제품 및 금속제품을 생산하는 지역이 높았다. 5. Zn의 함량 분포의 경우 $0{\sim}3\;cm$ 층은 $26.50\;{\sim}\;943.00\;ppm$ 범위로 평균 158.329 ppm, $3{\sim}6\;cm$ 층은 $35.45{\sim}882.45\;ppm$ 범위로 평균 127.914 ppm 이었으며, 화학제품, 염료 및 금속제품을 생산하는 지역이 높았다. 이상의 결과를 토대로 세계의 비오염 토양 함량수준과 본조사지역의 평균함량을 비교하면 Cu, Ni은 비오염 수준이었으나, Cd은 기준치를 약간 넘었고, Pb과 Zn은 기준치보다 훨씬 높아 익산 제2공단의 오염정도는 산업(화학제품, 염료 및 금속 제품을 생산)유형에 따라 차이가 있음을 알 수 있었다.