The Characterization of Polysaccharides from Tichocarpus crinitus

Trichocarpus crinitus로부터 추출한 다당류의 특성

Two kinds of carrageenan were extracted from red seaweeds, Tichocarpus crinitus, collected in The Peter the Great Bay of Russia on August, 1996. One is KC1-insoluble carrageenan and another is KC1-soluble carrageenan. The yield of KC1-insoluble carrageenan was 17.15%, which is composed of 18.06% total sulfate, 5.61% protein, 3.51% K+, 0.49% Na+, 1.66% Ca2+, 54.26% galactose, 4.68% xylose, trace of mannose and glucose. The yield of KC1-soluble carrageenan was 3.52%, which is composed of 24.06% total sulfate, 5.2% protein, 5.32% K+, 0.16% Na+, 2.80% Ca2+, 33.54% galactose, 5.48% xylose, 4.32% mannose, trace of glucose. But rhamnose was not detected in both case. FT-IR spectrum showed that the KC1-insoluble carrageenan was kappa-type carrageenan and that KC1-soluble carrageenan was lambda, iota hybrid-type carrageenan. KC1-insoluble carrageenan was very weakly formation the gel compared with KC1-insoluble carrageenan from other red seaweeds. So we investigated viscosity. Both type carrageenan was stable in the temperature until 9$0^{\circ}C$, 1 hr. The viscosity of the solution of KC1-insoluble carrageenan was increased to about two folds by K+, but was not changed by Ca2+. The viscosity of the solution of KC1-soluble carrageenan was reduced by K+ and Ca2+. Both of them was stabilized in alkali but was reduced in comparison with acid conditions. In this study, both carrageenan was expected as thickening agent than gelling agent for food additives.

Russia 연안에서 채취한 홍조류인 Tichocarpus crinitus로부터 열수 추출한 KC1-insoluble carrageenan의 수율은 17.1%, KC1-soluble carrageenan의 수율은 3.52%였다. KC1-insoluble carrageenan의 경우 total sulfate 18.06%, protein 5.61%, K+ 3.51%, Na+0.49%, Ca2+ 1.66%, galactose 54.26%, xylose 4.68%, glucose, mannose가 소량(0.1%미만) 검출되었다. FT-IR spectroscopy 측정 결과 KC1-insoluble carrageenan은 $ extsc{k}$-carrageenan으로, KC1-soluble carrageenan은 λ-carrageenan이 주를 이루는 λ,$ au$ 혼합형 carrageenan으로 나타났다. KC1-insoluble carrageenan과 KC1-soluble carrageenan 수용액의 점도는 열 안정성 측정 결과 두 가지 획분 모두 9$0^{\circ}C$에서 1시간 정도까지도 안정한 것으로 나타났다. KC1-insoluble carrageenan의 경우는 K+ 첨가에 의하여 두 배 정도까지의 점도 증가를 나타내었으나 Ca2+ 첨가에 의한 경우와 KC1-soluble carrageenan에 대하여 K+ 및 Ca2+을 첨가한 경우 모두 점도에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 산, 알칼리에 대한 안정성을 조사한 결과 두 가지 시료 모두 알칼리 존재에서는 안정하나 산의 존재에서는 급격한 안정성의 저하를 나타내었다. 이와 같은 결과로 볼 때 Tichocarpus crinitus로부터 열수 추출한 $textsc{k}$-carrageenan으로 판단되는 KC1-insoluble carrageenan은 KC1-soluble carrageenan과 함께 식품첨가물로 이용시 겔화제보다는 점도 증진제로의 이용이 기대된다.