Growth Responses of Crops to Wastes Derived from Some Factories

수종 공장 폐수에 대한 작물의 피해 반응

This experiment were carried out to clarify the effects of several factory wastes on the emergence and seedling growth of five crop species, rice, Chinese cabbage, melon, and tomato. Wastes of three factories treated by several concentrations on the soil in which crop were seeded. In rice seedling experiments, the rice seedlings were treated with factory wastes hydroponically. Factory wastes used in the experiment were obtained from leather, phenol resin, and dye factory. The growth of rice seedlings was inhibited by each factory wastes, but the dry weight of rice seedling was increased by the low concentration below 1/16 dilution of leather factory waste. During 15 days, dry matter accumulation of rice seedlings treated with undiluted factory wastes decreased to 46.0, 51.4, -5.4% of control by treating wastes of phenol resin, leather, and dye factory respectively. The injury of crops by leather factory waste was severe in tomato but slight in barley. Waste of phenol resin factory affects highly both on Chinese cabbage and on melon. When dye factory waste was treated on each crop, all plants died in the treatments of waste solution which diluted to 1/8 of original waste. Tomato and melon were most sensitive crop species to the waste of dye factory. Although the responses of crops to each factory waste were various, the degree of injuries were more higher in vegetables than cereal crops.

본(本) 실험(實驗)은 공장(工場) 폐수(廢水)가 작물(作物)의 생육(生育)에 미치는 영향을 구명(究明)하기 위하여 수도(水稻) 묘(苗)의 초기(初期) 생장(生長)에 미치는 영향을 조사하였고, 벼, 보리, 배추, 참외, 토마토를 파종(播種)한 폿트에 공장(工場) 폐수(廢水)의 농도를 달리하여 처리한 후 작물(作物)의 출현율(出現率)과 건물중(乾物重)을 조사하였다. 실험에 사용된 폐수(廢水)의 종류는 피혁(皮革) 공장(工場), 페놀 수지 공장(工場), 염료(染料) 공장(工場)의 폐수(廢水)였다. 실험의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 수도(水稻) 묘(苗)는 각 공장(工場)의 폐수(廢水)에 의하여 억제가 되었으나 피혁(皮革) 공장(工場)의 경우는 1/16이하로 희석(稀釋)된 저농도(低濃度)에 의해서는 촉진(促進)되는 결과를 보였다. 2. 피혁(皮革) 공장(工場)의 경우 각 작물(作物)이 반응은 보리가 가장 피해가 적었고 토마토의 경우 피해가 가장 크게 나타났다. 3. 페놀 수지 폐수(廢水)는 배추와 참외가 크게 나타났고, 보리는 피해가 적었다. 4. 염료(染料) 공장(工場)의 폐수(廢水)는 토마토와 참외가 가장 많이 억제되었고, 보리의 경우 피해의 정도가 낮았다. 5. 각 (各) 작물종(作物種)들의 폐수(廢水)에 대한 반응은 채소인 토마토와 참외의 피해가 컸고, 화곡류인 보리와 벼가 작았다.