降雨-流出模型을 이용한 實時間 洪水豫測: II. 流域의 適用

Real-Time Flood Forecasting Using Rainfall-Runoff Model: II. Application

  • 정동국 (한남대학교 토목공학과)
  • 발행 : 1996.02.01

초록

비선형 계열저수지모형을 적용한 홍수추적모형을 변수추정모형과 결합하여 확대 상태-공간 모형으로 구성하고, Extended Kalman Filter를 이용하여 상태 및 변수를 동시 추정하도록 하였다. 민감도 분석을 통하여 추정변수의 상대적인 중요성을 조사하여 민감도가 낮은 변수는 상수화하고 상관성이 높은 변수들은 결합하여 모형을 단순화하였다. 그리고 제안된 실시간 홍수예측모형을 다목적댐들의 홍수량 유입예측에 적용하여 상태 및 변수의 동시추정에 의한 수문곡선과 실측유입수문곡선이 잘 일치함을 확인하였다. 또한 홍수가 진행함에 따라 추정변수중, 저류계수는 거의 일정한 값을 나타내지만, 지수는 수문곡선의 변화와 함께 시간적으로 변화하는 것으로 확인하였다.

The proposed flood forecasting system combines a flood routing model with a parameter estimation model. In the parameter estimation model system states and parameters are treated with the extended state-space formulation. The extended Kalman filter is adopted to estimate the states and parameters. A sensitivity analysis is used to investigate the relative significance of the parameters. Insensitive parameters are treated as constants and parameters that are mutually correlated are combined in a simplified form. The developed estimation methodology is applied todam sites of the multi-purpose reservoirs in Korea. The forecasted hydrographs from the extended Kalman filter satisfactorily coincide with the observed. From the time sequence plots of estimated parameters, it is found that the storage coefficient is almost constant, but exponent varies appreciably in time.

키워드

참고문헌

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