Effects of Colchicine and EMS on Induction of Variants in Wasabia japonica MATSUM

Colchicine과 EMS 처리에 의한 고추냉이의 변이체 유도

This study was investigated to improve the rate of the seed germination of Wasabia japonica with $GA_3$ and BAP. The germination rate was 36% with 100ppm $GA_3$ only and 32% with 10ppm BAP only, while that was 65% with combination of 100ppm $GA_3$ and 10ppm BAP compared to that of 7.5% in control. This results show us that the most effect of germination rate was with 100ppm $GA_3$ and 10ppm BAP. Mutagenesis was induced with mutagen, EMS and colchicine. Before the germination, the survival rate was 62% with 0.5% colchicine compared to that of 7% in control. After the germination, the 85% of developed seed was alive with treatment of 0.5% colchicine and 55% of those was alive with 0.06% EMS compared to that of 8% in control. We analyzed the karyotype and isozyme pattern of Wasabia japonica induced with colchicine and EMS. The tetratype of Wasabia japonica was observed from Wasabia japonica treated with 0.5% colchicine. whereas it was not observed with 0.06% EMS. The peroxidase pattern of colchicine treated Wasabia japonica was different from nontreatment. but that of EMS treated Wasabia japonica was the same with normal one.

Wasabia japonica종자의 생장조절물질에 의한 발아율 돌연변이 유도, 유도체의 핵형 분석과 isozyme pattern을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 고추냉이의 종자 발아는 $GA_3$ 100ppm 처리 시 36%, BAP 10ppm 처리 시 32%, $GA_3$ 100ppm+BAP 10ppm 조합 처리 시 65%의 높은 발아율을 나타냈다. 2) colchicine과 EMS처리로 인한 돌연변이 유도에 따른 생존율은 발아전 처리의 경우 colchicine 0.5%일때 62% 생존율을 보이며, 발아 후 처리는 colchicine 0.5% 일때 85%, EMS 0.06% 일때 55%의 생존율을 보였다. 3) colchicine과 EMS처리로 유도된 식물체의 핵형 분석은 colchicine 0.5%처리로 유도된 식물체에서 다수의 4배체를 관찰할 수 있있으며, EMS 0.06% 처리의 유도체에서는 정상 배수체만이 관찰되었다. 4) 돌연변이원으로 유도된 식물체의 peroxidase pattern은 colchicine 처리 식물체가 정상체와 다른 양상 (1 band)을 보이는 반면, EMS처리 식물체는 정상체와 같은 양상 (3 band)을 보였다.