Competition between Crop and Weed and Weed Control in Dry Direct Seeded Rice

벼 직파재배(直播栽培)의 잡초(雜草)와 작물간(作物間)의 경합(競合) 및 방제(防除)

  • Yeun, K.B. (Department of Agronomy, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kim, K.U. (Department of Agronomy, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Shin, D.H. (Department of Agronomy, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, I.J. (Department of Agronomy, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Jung, J.W. (Department of Agronomy, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kim, H.K. (Han- Nong Corporation)
  • Published : 1991.09.30

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the major weeds occurred in direct seeded rice and their compition with rice, and to establish the effective weed control method. The important weeds occurring in dry direct seeded rice were Echinochloa crusgalli, Cyperus amuricus, Rorippa islandica, etc. Among them, Echinochloa crusgalli was the most dominant weed species. In view of the Simpson's dominance index, the maximum number of the weeds was observed at 30 days after seeding, showing 0.26, but decreased as the time passed. In other hand, Simpson's dominance index of weed dry weight increased from 0.09 at 15DAS(days after seeding) to 0.28 at 60DAS indicating that particular weed such as barnyardgrass was dominating the fields. The plant height and the tiller number of rice in the dry direct seeded rice were not greatly affected by the time and duration of competition with weeds, but rice yield was greatly influenced by them. The yield reduction was observed when compition between rice and weeds were initiated at 20 to 40 DAS till the harvesting time. The highest weed control efficacy was observed at the treatment of systematic herbicide application such as soil applied Butachlor followed by Mefenacet/Bensulfuron-methyl/Dymron at 30 DAS after seeding, and soil applied Dimepiperate/Bensulfuron-methyl mixture as a preemergence type gave also an excellent control.

벼 건답직파재배지(乾畓直播栽培地)에 발생(發生)하는 벼와 잡초(雜草)의 경합(競合)이 벼의 수량(收量)에 미치는 영향(影響) 및 벼 건답직파재배(乾畓直播栽培)에 적합(適合)한 제초제(除草劑) 선발(選拔)을 위해 수행(遂行)하여 얻어진 연구(硏究) 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 벼 건답직파재배(乾畓直播栽培)에서 발생(發生)하는 주요(主要) 잡초(雜草)는 피(Echinochloa crusgalli), 방동사니(Cyperus amuricus), 속속이풀(Rorippa islandica) 등(等)이었으며 이 가운데 피는 전(全) 생육기간(生育期間)동안 가장 우점(優占)하는 초종(草種)이었다. 발생잡초(發生雜草)의 우점도(優占度)를 Simpson's dominance index로 산출(算出)해 낸 결과(結果)를 보면 개체수(個體數)의 경우는 파종(播種) 후(後) 30 일에 0.26으로 가장 높았으나 시간(時間)이 경과(經過)함에 따라 減少(減少)한 반면, 건물중(乾物重)의 경우는 15일의 0.09에서 60일의 0.28로 증가(增加)함을 특정(特定) 잡초(雜草)(피)가 우점(優占)한 것으로 나타났다. 2. 잡초(雜草)와의 경합(競合)에 의한 벼의 초장(草長) 및 분벽수(粉蘗數)는 는 경합(競合) 시기(時期)에 큰 영향(影響)을 받지 않았으나, 수량(收量)은 경합(競合) 시기(時期) 및 기간(期間)에 따라 다소(多少) 차이(差異)를 보였다. 수량(收量)의 감소(減少)는 잡초발생(雜草發生) 후(後) 20-40일 (6월 7일 - 6월 27일)부터 수확시(收穫時)까지 경합(競合)시킬 때 나타났다 3. 벼 건답직파재배(乾畓直播栽培)에 유효(有效)한 제초제(除草劑)로는 토양(土壤) 처리(處理)로 Dimepiperate/Bensulfuron-methyl 나, Butachlor를 토양처리(土壤處理)하고 30일째 Mefenacet/Bensulfuron-methyl/Dymron을 체계처리(體系處理)하거나, 파종(播種) 후(後)40 일째에 Bentazone/Quinchlorac을 경엽처리(莖葉處理)하면 효과적(效果的) 방제(防除)가 기대(期待)된다.

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