Studies on the Mycelial Cultivation and the Rhizomorph Production of Armillaria mellea

Armillaria mellea의 균사배양 및 균사속 생산에 관한 연구

Five strains of Armillaria mellea were collected from the forest of Chonbuk province and isolated from the tissue of fruit bodies. Nutritional and environmental characteristics of mycelial cultivation and rhizomorph production of Armillaria mellea isolated were determined in sawdust media, woody inocula and soils. The sawdust media of Styphnolobium japonicum, Culhamia simplex, Populus monilifera and Populua davidiana were proper for mycelial growth. The ranges of optimum pH, temperature and moisture content for mycelial growth were in the range of $4.5{\sim}5.0$, ${\sim}25^{\circ}C$ and $65{\sim}70%$, respectively. Among the various additives and inorganic salts added, 10% rice bran and 3% $CaCO_3$ were effective to mycelial growth. The woody inocula of Styphnolobium japonicum, Culhamia simplex, Quercus acutissima and Quercus veriabilis were proper for rhizomorph production. The ranges of optimum pH, moisture content and temperature for rhizomorph production were in the range of $4.5{\sim}4.9,$ $45{\sim}55%\;(w/w)$ and $20{\sim}24^{\circ}C$, respectively. Distribution of rhizomorphs in soil was varied with depth, but the main concentration occurred in the range of $7.5{\sim}12.5\;cm$. They were rarely found below 25.0 cm.

전북지역의 산야에서 분리한 5균주의 Armillaria mellea의 균사배양과 균사속 생산을 위한 배양 조건을 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 균사배양에 적당한 톱밥이 종류는 회화나무, 벽오동, 포플러, 사시나무, 참나무 톱밥 등이었고, 균사생육 최적 조건은 pH $4.5{\sim}5.0$, 온도 $22{\sim}25^{\circ}C$, 수분함량 $65{\sim}70%(w/w)$이었다. 균사배양에 적당한 부원료로는 미강 10% 첨가가 효과적이었고, 무기염은 $CaCO_3$ 3%(w/w)에서 좋았다. 균사속생산에 적당한 수종으로는 회화나무, 벽오동, 도토리나무, 굴참나무 등이었고, 균사속생산에 적당한 토양의 pH는 $4.5{\sim}4.9$, 토양의 수분함량은 $45{\sim}55%(w/w)$, 생육온도는 $20{\sim}24^{\circ}C$이었다. 토양심도에 따른 균사속의 수직분포는 $7.5{\sim}12.5\;cm$ 사이의 깊이에서 높은 빈도를 보였으며, 지표면에서 25 cm 이상의 깊이에서는 균사속이 잘 형성되지 않았다.