Studies on Breeding of F$_1$ Hybrid Rice Using the Korean Cytoplasmic and Genetic Male Sterile Rice I. Breeding of Hybrid Rice Using the Cytoplasmic-Genetic Male Sterility

세포질적 유전자적 웅성불임을 이용한 벼 일대잡종 육성연구 I. 세포질적 유전자적 웅성불임계통 이용과 일대잡종 육성

Nine hybrid rices crossed between Korean cytoplasmic-genetic male sterile rices having the WA cytoplasm and the Korean restorer lines or varieties, HR1619A/Nampungbyeo, HR1619A/Gayabyeo, HR1619A/Line234, TongilA/Nampungbyeo, TongilA/Cheongcheongbyeo, Suwon 296A/Line 209, Suwon 296A/Line 237, Suwon 296A/Line 252 and Line 201A/Line 234, and their parents were grown at Yeungnam University in 1984. The rough rice yield of the hybrids Line 201A/Line 234, TongilA/Nampungbyeo and HR1619A/Nampungbyeo were 939, 927 and 900 Kg/10a respectively. The heterosis(F$_1$/Midparent) of the above three hybrids was 40%, 20% and 19%, the heterobeltiosis(F$_1$/Better parent) was 36%, 17% and 10%, and the standard heterosis (F$_1$/Standard variety, Cheongcheongbyeo) was 19%, 17% and 14% respectively. The hybrids HR1619A/ Gayabyeo and Suwon 296A/Line 237 showed negative heterosis in grain yield. Significant heterobeltiosis for grain number per panicle was found while less or no heterobeltiosis was observed in panicle number per hill, 1000-grain weight and grain fertility. The bacterial leaf blight disease reaction of the hybrids tested was almost the same as that of one parent at least. The amylose content of the hybrids was medium to low the same as their parents. The protein content and alkali digestion value of the hybrids were almost the same as their parents.

우리나라 수도 품종을 배경으로 한 세포질적 유전적 웅성불임계통들에 우리나라 품종의 임성회복친을 교잡시킨 HR1619A/남풍벼, HR1619A/가야벼, HR1619A/계통234, 통일A/남풍벼, 통일A/청청벼, 수원296A/계통209, 수원296A/계통237, 수원296A/계통252 및 계통201A/계통234 등 9개 Hybrid를 육성하고 이들의 수량 및 수량 구성요소, 흰빛잎마름병 저항성 및 미질을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1 공시된 9개 Hybrid들 중 계통201A/계통234, 통일A/남풍벼 및 HR 1619A/남풍벼 등 3개 Hybrid의 수량성이 높았는데 각각 우수친에 비해 36％, 17％ 및 10％의 증수(Heterobeltiosis)를, 표준품종인 청청벼에 비해 각각 19％, 17％ 및 14％의 증수(Standard Heterosis)를 보였다. 2. 공시된 Hybrid중 HR1619A/가야벼와 수원296A/계통237의 수량은 양친보다 낮았다. 3. 수량구성요소 중 수당입수의 잡종강세가 현저하였고 주당수수, 천립중 및 임실율의 잡종강세는 인정되지 않았다. 4. Hybrid의 흰빛잎마름병 저항성은 양친 중 강한친과 같은 반응을 보였다. 5. Hybrid들의 Amylose 함량은 20.8％∼24.7%였고 딘백질함량은 9.3％∼10.0％, 알칼리 붕괴도는 3.7∼7.0으로서 각각 양친품종과 비슷하였다.