The Effect of Piston Bowl Shape on Behavior of Vapor Phases in a GDI Engine

피스톤 형상에 따른 직분식 가솔린기관 내에서의 연료혼합기 거동특성 연구

This study was performed to investigate the behavior of vapor phase of fuel mixtures with different piston bowl shapes(F, B, and R-type) in a optically accessible engine. The images of liquid and vapor phases were captured in the motoring engine using exciplex fluorescence method. Fuel was injected into atmospheric nitrogen to prevent quenching phenomenon by oxygen. Injection pressure is 5.1MPa. Two dimensional spray fluorescence image of vapor phases was acquired to analyze spray behaviors and fuel distribution inside of cylinder. Four injection timings were set at BTDC $90^{\circ},\;80^{\circ},\;70^{\circ},\;and\;60^{\circ}$. With a fuel injection timing of BTDC $90^{\circ}$, fuel-rich mixture level in the center region was highest in a B-type piston. With a fuel injection timing of BTDC $60^{\circ}$, R-type piston was best. R-type piston shape was suitable under enhanced swirl ratio and late injection condition and B-type piston shape was right in a weak swirl ratio. It was found that the piston bowl shape affected the mixture stratification inside of cylinder.