• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.217-226
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• 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors for brain reperfusion injury in ischemic stroke patients and to analyze the clinical outcomes. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in 168 patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-Square test, Fisher's exact test, and logistic regression with IBM SPSS/WIN 24.0. Results: Brain reperfusion injury occurred in 67 patients (39.9%) with a low favored outcome (𝛘²=6.01, p=.014). On multivariable analysis, blood urea nitrogen (Odds ratio [OR]=1.14, 95% Confidence interval [CI]=1.06-1.23), aphasia (OR=6.16, CI=1.62-23.40), anosognosia (OR=4.84, CI=1.13-20.79), presence of both aphasia and anosognosia (OR=7.33, CI=1.20-44.60), and time required to achieve targeted blood pressure (OR=1.00, CI=1.00-1.00) were identified as risk factors for brain reperfusion injury. A statistically significant difference was detected in clinical outcomes, including hemorrhagic transformation (𝛘²=6.32, p=.012), intensive care unit length of stay (Z=-2.08, p=.038), National Institute of Health Stroke scale score at discharge (Z=-3.14, p=.002), and modified Rankin Scale score at discharge (Z=-2.93, p=.003). Conclusion: This study identified the risk factors and presented the clinical outcomes of brain reperfusion injury. It is necessary to consider these risk factors for evaluating the patients and to establish nursing interventions and strategies.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제33권5_1호
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• pp.469-480
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• 2017

본 연구는 기상청에서 지진의 계기관측이 시작된 1978년부터 2016년까지, 규모 2.0~2.5사이의 소규모 지진이 6회 발생한 경상남도 거창군 일원지역을 대상으로 수치표고모델을 이용한 3차원의 LANDSAT 8호 위성영상과 음영기복도로부터 선구조선을 추출하여 선구조선과 진앙(지진발생위치)간의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 선구조선의 통계분석 방법으로는 직각격자에 의한 단절현상 문제점을 완화하고 선구조선의 공간적 분포를 정확히 표현해줄 수 있는 육각격자 모양과, 격자크기에 따라 변화하는 밀도 값이 안정되는 지점의 격자크기를 사용하여 핫스팟 분석을 수행하였다. 핫스팟 분석방법은 선구조선이 집단화되어 나타나는 지역을 통계적으로 파악할 수 있기 때문에, 선구조선의 각 통계요소별(빈도, 교차점, 길이)로 도출되는 Z score를 통해 선구조선 밀집지역을 확인하였다. 또한 연산된 선구조선의 밀도와 진앙간의 상관성을 분석하기 위해 진앙에서의 Z score를 표준정규분포 상에 나타내어 선구조선의 밀도가 통계적으로 의미 있는 수준인지를 확인하였다. 그 결과, 6개의 진앙에서 3개 종류의 통계요소로 기록된 총 18개의 Z score 중 약 83%에 달하는 15개 값이 1.65 이상으로 나타났다. 이는 표준정규분포 상에서 95% 이상의 높은 밀도 값을 의미하여, 진앙이 선구조선 고밀도지역에 위치함을 알 수 있었다. 특히 선구조선 빈도는 모든 진앙에서, 교차점은 하나의 진앙을 제외한 나머지 진앙에서 밀도 값이 표준정규분포 상 95% 이상을 나타내어, 선구조선의 빈도와 교차점 밀도가 진앙과 높은 상관성이 있음을 확인하였다. 선구조선의 밀도 분포를 정확하게 표현하고, 진앙과의 상관관계를 분석한 본 연구는 잠재적인 지진발생 위험 지역을 추출하기 위한 기초연구로써 의미가 있다. 그러나 상기와 같은 결과를 조금 더 명확하게 하기 위해서는 지진의 발생빈도가 많고 더 광역적인 지역을 대상으로 한 추가적 연구의 필요성이 있다고 사료된다.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.254-260
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• 2013

Purpose: Recently, vitamin D insufficiency has increased and has been correlated to growth and puberty in children. This study was conducted to find the prevalence of subclinical vitamin D insufficiency and its influence on school-aged children in Korea. Methods: The subjects of this study were 397 children aged 7 to 15 years who had been tested for 25-OH vitamin D3 among the outpatients of the Department of Pediatrics in Eulji General Hospital from March 2007 to February 2011. Data for age, sex, comorbidities, serum 25-OH vitamin D3, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and sunlight exposure time were collected before and after 3 months of vitamin D administration, retrospectively. Results: Vitamin D insufficiency was present in 343 (86%) of the subjects. In the vitamin D insufficient group, chronological age was $8.96{\pm}1.72$ years, mean height (z-score [z]) was $0.51{\pm}1.26$, mean BMI (z) was $0.81{\pm}2.20$, and bone age was $10.26{\pm}1.75$ years. In the vitamin D sufficient group, chronological age was $9.61{\pm}1.77$ years, mean height (z) was -$0.66{\pm}0.98$, mean BMI (z) was -$0.01{\pm}1.16$, and bone age was $9.44{\pm}2.12$ years. A paired t-test showed that three months after vitamin D administration, the mean 25-OH vitamin D3 level in the insufficient group increased to $24.38{\pm}10.03$ ng/mL and mean BMI (z) decreased to $0.67{\pm}1.06$. Conclusion: In Korean school-aged children, vitamin D insufficiency were relatively higher and may be closely related with higher BMI. Insufficient rise of the level of vitamin D after supplementation suggest the new supplementation guidelines, especially for Korean children.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.170-180
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• 2009

Objectives : To assess clinical improvement and change in plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) level after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS) in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Methods : Seven patients with DSM-IV schizophrenia, who were proven to be treatment-resistant, were treated with 15 sessions of rTMS for three weeks as an adjuvant therapy to antipsychotic treatment. Clinical improvement and change in plasma BDNF level were measured after the treatment period. The symptom severity was assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS) and the Korean Version of Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia(K-CDSS) at baseline and 7 days after the treatment. Plasma BDNF level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) at baseline and 7 days after the treatment. Results : After the rTMS treatment, there was no significant improvement in PANSS total score(Z=-1.693, p=0.090) and no significant change in plasma BDNF was found(Z=-1.183, p=0.237). Negative correlations were found between percentage change in PANSS positive subscale score and duration of illness(rho=-0.991, N=7, p<0.0005, two-tailed), and PANSS negative subscale score at baseline and percentage change in plasma BDNF level(rho=-0.821, N=7, p=0.023, two-tailed). Conclusion : This preliminary study suggests that rTMS didn't make a significant change in clinical symptoms nor in plasma BDNF level in treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Percentage change in plasma BDNF, however, might be correlated with treatment resistance in schizophrenic patients. This is a pilot study with a small sample size, therefore, a further study with a larger sample size is needed.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.131-139
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• 2017

Purpose: Trauma systems have been shown to decrease injury-related mortality. The present study aimed to compare the mortality rates of patients with major trauma (injury severity score >15) treated before and after the establishment of a level I trauma center. Methods: During this 20-month study, participants were divided into pre-trauma center and trauma center groups, and trauma and injury severity score (TRISS) method was used to compare mortality rates during 10-month periods before and after the establishment of the trauma center (October 2013 to July 2014 vs. October 2014 to July 2015). Results: Of the 541 total participants, 278 (51.5%) visited after the establishment of the trauma center. The Z and W statistics indicated better outcomes in the trauma center group than in the pre-trauma center group (Z statistic, 2.635 vs. -0.700; W statistic, 4.640). The trauma center group also exhibited meaningful reductions in the time interval from the emergency department (ED) visit to emergency surgery (118.0 minutes vs. 142.5 minutes, p=0.020) and the interval from the ED visit to intensive care unit admission (202.0 minutes vs. 259.0 minutes, p=0.035) relative to the pre-trauma center group. Conclusions: The TRISS and multivariate analysis revealed significant improvements in survival rates in the trauma center group, compared to the pre-trauma center group.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Self-Efficacy Promoting Program on Self-Efficacy, Metabolic Control and Self-Care Behaviors in Patients with NIDDM. Method: Data was collected from March 15th to July 15th, 2001. The subjects of the study consisted of 23 NIDDM patients who had visited regularly the endocrinology out-patient department of Gwangju Christian Hospital. The instrument used in the study Paek's self-efficacy measurement scale, was modified by the researcher, self-care behaviors were created by health care teams, and HbA1c for the sugar metabolic control were measured from the patients blood. The Interventions of the self efficacy promoting program were applied 4 hours a week for 6weeks. Data were analyzed with SPSS/PC+, using T-test and Wilcoxon rank sum test. Result: The mean score for self-efficacy was $70.61{\pm}15.48$ of a 140 point scale, the mean score for $HbA_{1c}$ level was $8.07{\pm}1.86%$. The self efficacy promoting program significantly increased the score of self efficacy(Z=-4.198, P=.000). And the self efficacy promoting program was significantly decreased in metabolic control(Z=-2.585, p=.010). Taking medicine and controlling alcohol were the best self care behaviors of this program. Conclusion: It was established that the self efficacy promoting program was effective for improving self efficacy, metabolic level and self care behaviors in patients with NIDDM.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.104-109
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• 2016

Purpose: Regurgitation is a common physiological phenomenon in infants. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of a new anti-regurgitation (AR) formula (Novalac), thickened with an innovative complex including fibres, on the daily number of regurgitations and to assess its impact on stool consistency and frequency. Methods: Infants younger than five months, presenting at least 5 regurgitations per day were recruited in this trial. The efficacy of the new formula on regurgitation (daily number and Vandenplas score), stool frequency and consistency were assessed at day 14 and 90. Growth data were recorded at each study visit. Results: Ninety babies (mean age $9.6{\pm}5.8weeks$) were included in the full analysis data set. The mean number of regurgitation episodes at inclusion was $7.3{\pm}3.4$. In all infants, regurgitations improved after 2 weeks. The daily number of regurgitations decreased significantly ($-6.3{\pm}3.3$, p<0.001) including in those previously fed a thickened formula ($-6.2{\pm}3.0$, p<0.001). There was no significant change in stool consistency at day 14. After 3 months, 97.5% of infants had formed or soft stools. Growth was appropriate with a slight increase of weight-for-age z-score (from $-0.5{\pm}1.0$ to $-0.1{\pm}0.9$) and no change of weight-for length z-score ($-0.1{\pm}1.1$ to $-0.1{\pm}-1.1$). Conclusion: The new AR formula thickened with an innovative complex is very effective in reducing the daily number of regurgitations without having a negative impact on stools consistency.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.655-662
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• 2005

Body content bone mined density and nutrient intake status of 129 college women in Daegu area are analyze4 The mean age was 23.1 years. Bone mineral density was measured in their right heel by SONOST-2000 ultrasound bone densitometer, and nutrient intake was assessed by a Questionnaire. Diet intake data were obtained by using a 24 hours recall method to evaluate the subject's usual diet. The average energy, Ca, Ee, Zn and folate intakes were 64.2, 47.5, 54.7, 62.9 and $57.4\%$ of RDA, respectively. Ca/P and Ca/Protein ratio were 0.46 and 6.7, respectively. The mean adequacy ratio(MAR), an index of overall dietary quality wag 0.6. The index of nutritional quality was under 1.0 for protein(0.7), vitamin A(0.9), E(0.7), $B_1(0.8)$, niacin(0.8), $B_6(0.6)$ and phosphorus(0.6). The less the protein and energy intake, the less the bone mineral density(p<0.05). The intakes of protein(p<0.05) and that of phosphorus(p<0.001) were positively correlated with bone quality index(BQI). The calcium intake was positively correlated with Z-score(p<0.05). The phosphorus intake was positively correlated with T-score(p<0.001) and Z-score(p<0.0001). In conclusion, this study indicates that nutrient intake of the college women is considerably lower than the RDA. Also the BQI is lower than standard.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2022

본 논문에서는 질병관리청 국민건강영양조사(KNHANES: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) 데이터베이스에서 특징선택 방법으로 고혈압을 감지 예측하는 방법을 개선했다. 또한 만성 고혈압과 관련된 다양한 위험 요인을 확인하였다. 본 논문은 3가지로 나누어, 첫째 결측값을 제거하고 Z-변환을 하는 데이터 전처리 단계이다. 다음은 데이터 셋에서 특징선택법을 기반으로 하는 요인분석(FA)을 사용하는 특징선택 단계이며, 특징선택을 기반으로 다중공선형 분석(MC)와 특징중요도(FI)을 비교했다. 마지막으로 예측분석단계에서 고혈압 위험을 감지하고 예측하는데 적용했다. 본 연구에서는 각 분류 모델에 대해 ROC 곡선(AUC) 아래의 평균 표준 오차(MSE), F1 점수 및 면적을 비교한다. 테스트 결과 제안한 MC-FA-RF모델은 80.12% 가장 높은 정확도를 보이고, MSE, f-score, AUC 모델의 경우 각각 0.106, 83.49%의, 85.96% 으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 고혈압위험 예측에 대한 제안된 MC-FA-RF 방법이 다른 방법에 비해 우수함을 보이고 있다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.121-127
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• 2012

Purpose: Improved survival of patients with childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has drawn attention to the potential for late consequences of previous treatments among survivors, including metabolic syndrome. In this study, we evaluated changes in 3 parameters, namely, random blood glucose, body mass index (BMI), and Z score for BMI (Z-BMI), in children with ALL during chemotherapy and after completion of treatment. Methods: Patients newly diagnosed with ALL from January, 2005 to December, 2008 at Saint Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, who completed treatment with chemotherapy only were included (n=107). Random glucose, BMI, and Z-BMI were recorded at 5 intervals: at diagnosis, before maintenance treatment, at completion of maintenance treatment, and 6 and 12 months after completion of maintenance treatment. Similar analyses were conducted on 2 subcohorts based on ALL risk groups. Results: For random glucose, a paired comparison showed significantly lower levels at 12 months post-treatment compared to those at initial diagnosis ($P$ <0.001) and before maintenance ($P$ <0.001). The Z-BMI score was significantly higher before maintenance than at diagnosis ($P$ <0.001), but decreased significantly at the end of treatment ($P$ <0.001) and remained low at 6 months ($P$ <0.001) and 12 months ($P$ <0.001) post-treatment. Similar results were obtained upon analysis of risk group-based subcohorts. Conclusion: For a cohort of ALL patients treated without allogeneic transplantation or cranial irradiation, decrease in random glucose and Z-BMI after completion of chemotherapy does not indicate future glucose intolerance or obesity.