• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.330-339
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 2013 ~ 2015년 국민건강영양조사 자료를 이용하여 만 1~5세의 영 유아의 전반적인 식생활의 현황을 파악하고자 유아와 어머니의 일반적 사항, 유아의 식생활과 질병 유무, 영양섭취 상태 및 다소비 식품에 대한 조사를 시행하였다. 영 유아에게 생우유를 먹이기 시작하는 시기는 평균 14 ~ 15개월이었고 이유식 시기는 평균 6.2개월인 것으로 조사되었다. 주 5~7회 아침 식사를 하는 대상자는 82.0%, 아침 식사를 거의 하지 않는 대상자는 2.3%였다. 주 5~6회 외식하는 대상자가 35.8%로 가장 많았다. 천식과 아토피, 알레르기성 비염의 유병률은 3~5세 유아의 경우가 1~2세 영 유아에 비해 유의하게 높았다. 영 유아의 영양소 섭취상태는 에너지, 탄수화물, 단백질, 지질 등 주요 영양소는 충분히 섭취하고 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 대부분의 주요 무기질 (인, 철 및 나트륨)과 비타민(비타민 A, 티아민, 리보플라빈, 니아신 및 비타민 C)도 충분히 섭취하는 것으로 조사되었다. 하지만 3~5세의 유아의 칼슘의 평균 필요량이 470 mg (권장량 600 mg)이 칼륨은 2,300 mg인데 실제 섭취량은 칼슘이 438.6 mg이고, 칼륨은 1,873.7 mg으로 부족하게 섭취하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 한국인의 에너지 필요 추정량보다 적게 섭취한 대상자는 1~2세에서는 44.1%, 3 ~ 5세에서는 57.4%로 조사되었으며, 칼슘과 칼륨을 필요량보다 적게 섭취하는 대상자의 수도 각각 1~2세에서 51%와 79.5%, 3 ~ 5세에서 64%와 75.5%로 높게 나타났다. 식품군별 섭취량은 감자 및 전분류, 당류, 채소류, 달걀류, 기름 및 지방, 음료류, 조미료의 섭취량은 3~5세 유아가 1~2세 영 유아보다 많았으나, 콩류와 우유 및 유제품의 섭취량은 1~2세 영 유아가 3~5세 유아보다 많았다. 그리고 1~2세 영 유아의 다소비식품은 우유, 흰쌀, 사과, 호상 요구르트, 달걀, 액상 요구르트 순으로 나타났다. 3 ~ 5세 유아의 다소비 식품은 우유, 흰쌀, 사과, 달걀, 귤, 과일음료, 호상 요구르트 순으로 나타났다. 이 결과를 이용하여 향후 지속 가능한 식생활 교육 프로그램을 개발하기 위한 기초자료를 마련하고자 한다.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2006년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.177-178
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• 2006

This plan is for a different type of welfare facilities devised by analyzing problems with existing welfare centers and focusing on connection with residents and link between culture and welfare and among generations. In terms of re-development plan of Youngsun-2-dong, Youngdo-gu, Busan and the neighborhood under this plan, Youngsun-dong, Youngdo-gu is one of the densely populated districts of the aged, with lower growth rate and poor housing and welfare facilities. However, the district has a blessed natural environment and historical site of cultural relics of the Neolithic Age as well as growth potential as a logistics center with broader network of roads linking with Bukhang Bridge when Namhang Bridge construction is complete, showing the aspiration for change toward hi-tech maritime city in the 21st century of Youngdo-gu. This plan is expected to promote unity between the old and children, protection from social marginalization, and re-socialization education and set the stage for participation and solidarity of residents in the community.

• 치과방사선
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.75-85
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• 1983

Age differences in the skin structure have been studied in young (one year-old) and aged (five and a half year-old) frogs, Xenopus laevis. The epidermis in young frogs is made up of an average of 6.3 and 4.7 layers of epithelial cells at abdominal and dorsal surfaces, respectively. In aged frogs, the number of respective cell layers at abdominal and dorsal surfaces increases to 8.8 and 5.6. The thickness of the dermis (spongiosum) in aged frogs is decreased 25% on the abdominal side (from 267㎛ to 207㎛) but is increased by 11 % on the dorsal side (from 275㎛ to 305㎛). The nucleolar index and ³H-uridine incorporation, as judged by radioautography, by epithelial cells are drastically reduced in aged frogs.

• 천문학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.49-58
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• 1982

The UBVRIHKL magnitudes on Johnson system and space motions of M dwarf stars have been collected. This sample of M stars have been distinguished on a purely kinematical basis; the one with e<0.15, young disk population, with 0.150.3 halo population. On the color-color diagrams and the color excess-orbital eccentricity diagrams, there is no distinction between the old disk stars and the young disk stars. However (I-H) color could be used to distinguish halo stars from young and old disk stars and the color excesses, ${\Delta}(U-B),\;{\Delta}(B-V),\;{\Delta}(V-R),\;{\Delta}(H-K),\;{\Delta}(K-L),\;and\;{\Delta}(B-R)$ can be used as abundance indicators only for the halo stars. But these color excesses which are measures of blue excesses, are positive for the halo stars with smaller eccentricities and become negative for those with larger eccentricities.

• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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• 고려인삼학회 1998년도 Advances in Ginseng Research - Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Ginseng -
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• pp.281-288
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• 1998

Ginseng saponin from different part of Ginseng and 7 kinds of ginsenosides effect on immnotuncition of young and old mice. There have up-regulation effect in vivo and in vitro experiments for low function of old mice, but not up-regulation effect at normal immuno-function of young mice. That means "Adaptogens" of Ginseng saponin. Not appositions effect at Pg1 and Rb1 and have find, that effect relations with molecular weight of ginsenosides.senosides.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2011

In this research, three topics were studied for the elderly. The first was the elderly's error characteristics for tracing task and the second was for depth perception. The characteristics were compared with the young's. Twenty two old people and twenty two young people participated in the tracing experiment, respectively. In the depth perception experiment, twenty three old people and twenty two young people participated. A depth perception apparatus and a tracing one were used in the experiment. In the depth perception error, a significant difference was not detected on gender. However significant differences were detected with age and viewing distance. In the tracing error, significant difference was detected with age, also. The third experiment was push-button operation and fifteen old people participated in the experiment. As the result, operation time error was increased with the button size and the moving distance. The result of this study will be able to be considered in its user interface design to reduce the elderly's error while using a product.

• 천문학논총
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.359-361
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• 2015

We use the millennium simulation for studying the evolution of groups of galaxies over time. We find fossil and non-fossil groups as well as old and young groups at redshift z = 0 and follow them back in time to investigate the evolution of their parameters, such as mass assembly, luminosity gap and halo mass concentration. We find that fossils assemble a larger fraction of their mass at z = 0 than controls. The magnitude gaps between fossil and non-fossil groups are not the same because of major and minor mergers, in old and young groups as well. We also find that WMAP1 and WMAP7 cosmologies lead to the same evolutionary history for fossil and control groups.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.18-28
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• 2015

This study aims to understand the meaning that learning of the old age has, through old age learners who augustly live after retirement-life so called successful silver years. Qualitative research methods is used for analyzing the contents of articles about 15 old age learners and the results are follows below. First, the retirement has dual meaning for the old learners. One is they experienced psychological and emotional insecurity after retirement and the other is it is a turning point for them to realize their longtime dream. Second, the old age learners showed enthusiasm about learning and they voluntarily found the way of success in their silver years. Finally, the old age learners working in new career with provocative and enthusiastic attitude work as a role model of successful old age life and show how they progress. This study argued that we need to consider the old as active agents and the old age as the time when productive and continuous learning can be done. In addition, this study strongly insisted that we need to realize the importance of 'education by the elderly' and social and other relevant conditions are needed to be established immediately.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.72-83
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was to investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and risk factors in elderly people (old vs oldest-old) with arthritis. Methods: The Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) was used with a sample of 1,084 elderly people with arthritis aged 65 or above. Results: We found that the prevalence of depressive symptom was greater for oldest-old people (66.7%) compared to old people (56%). Significant differences between old people and oldest-old people were found for education, living with spouse, number of generation, regular exercise, body mass index (BMI), ADL limitation, self-rated health, and depression. Significant differences existed between depression and non-depression in terms of all variables except region and BMI among old people. But, among the oldest people, ADL limitation and self-rated health showed differences. The Logistic regression analysis revealed that religion, medical comorbidity, ADL limitation, self-rated health were significantly associated with depressive symptoms in old people. But, in oldest-old people, none of the variables were associated with depressive symptoms. Conclusion: The findings show that there are age differences in depression and related factors in elderly people with arthritis. Longitudinal studies, which covered depressive symptom severity and which are controlled for a large number of potential confounders, will need to complement the results of this study in the future.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.208-214
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• 2019

Trigonella foenum-graceum L. (fenugreek) is a phytoestrogen, a nonsteroidal organic chemical compound from plants which has similar mechanism of action to sex hormone estradiol-$17{\beta}$. This study aims to assess the effectivity of fenugreek seeds extract on collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1) and collagen type III alpha 1 (COL3A1) which are both decreased in aging skin and become worsen after menopause. This in vitro experimental study used old human dermal fibroblast from leftover tissue of blepharoplasty on a postmenopausal woman (old HDF). As a control of the fenugreek's ability to trigger collagen production, we used fibroblast from preputium (young HDF). Subsequent to fibroblast isolation and culture, toxicity test was conducted on both old and young HDF by measuring cell viability on fenugreek extract with the concentration of 5 mg/mL to $1.2{\mu}g/mL$ which will be tested on both HDF to examine COL1A1 and COL3A1 using ELISA, compared to no treatment and 5 nM estradiol. Old HDF showed a 4 times slower proliferation compared to young HDF (p<0.05). Toxicity test revealed fenugreek concentration of $0.5-2{\mu}g/mL$ was non-toxic to both old and young HDF. The most significant fenugreek concentration to increase COL1A1 and COL3A1 secretion was $2{\mu}g/mL$ (p<0.05).