• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.287-292
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• 1996

The present study was carried out to investigate the difference of absorption and translocation of Ni by radish grown for 45 days under factors such as the levels of Ni in soil, soil pH, competitive metal interactions, covering with soil, organic matter and lime. Germination rate of radish in soil treated by Ni 150 mg/kg was 40%. As soil pH was increased, the contents of Ni translocated to radish showed the negative correlation$(shoot=-0.965^{**},\;root= -0.837^{*})$. The Ni content in shoot and root of radish grown under 50 mg/kg Ni treated soil were slowly decreased with iron levels increased. However Ni content in shoot and root of radish grown under 50 mg/kg Ni treated soil showed increasing trend with the increasing the zinc levels. As covering with soil, organic matter and lime were treated, Ni contents of shoot and root in radishes were in the decreasing order of organic matter>covering with soil>lime.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.812-815
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• 2009

The effects of processing conditions on the ${\alpha}$-amylase activity of radish were investigated at various temperatures, pHs and drying conditions. The ${\alpha}$-amylase activity of radish root was 3.1-fold higher than that of radish trunk. As the freeze-dried radish was incubated at various temperatures and pHs, ${\alpha}$-amylase activity was stably maintained at pH range of $4{\sim}7$ and temperature of $25{\sim}40^{\circ}C$. When radish was processed to kakdugi and danmooji, the residual ${\alpha}$-amylase activity was 45.39% and 19.19%, respectively. Consequently, the ${\alpha}$-amylase activity was greatly affected by processing conditions such as heat treatment and pH. It is suggested that radish should be processed at below $60^{\circ}C$ and at neutral to acidic pH condition.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.232-237
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• 2010

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) was occurred on the three vegetables of egg plant (Solanum melongena), whole radish (Raphanus acanthiformis) and sugar loaf (Cichorium intybus) at Anyang area infested with TSWV. Whole radish was produced the symptoms of necrotic spots on the leaves, and necrosis and malformation on the roots by TSWV. Egg plant was induced the symptoms of typical multiple ring spots on the leaves and necrotic rings on the fruits. Sugar loaf was infected severely with the typical symptoms of ring spots on the leaves and stunt. The three isolates of TSWV could infect locally on the indicator plants of Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa and Nicotiana debney, and systemically on N. glutinosa, N. benthamiana and Datura stramonium. Two TSWV isolates from egg plant and sugar loaf were very similar in virulence. However, the virulence of TSWV from whole radish was very different as local infection on 5 Nicotiana species including N. tabacum 'Xanthi NC'.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.579-589
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• 2017

Glucosinolates (GSLs), beneficial secondary metabolites for human health are abundantly present in radish vegetable. Radish is a member of Brassicaceae family and its seed, leaf and root contain very important GSLs. The objective of this study was to determine the variation of individual and total GSL contents in leaves and roots of 44 radish (Raphanus spp.) germplasm (26 R. sativus L., 3 R. raphanistrum, and 15 R. sativus L. var. raphanistroides Makino), and compare the GSL contents between leaves and roots among three Raphanus species. Thirteen GSLs were identified, being the glucoraphasatin (GRS) and glucobrassicin (GBS) the most abundant aliphatic and indolyl GSLs in both the leaves and roots. Variation in individual and total GSL contents was found among the germplasm of three Raphanus species. The GRS content was higher in roots than that of leaves in all three Raphanus species but the GBS content was higher in leaves than roots. GRS was represented 87.0%, 92.7% and 94.7% of the total GSL in roots of R. sativus L., R. raphanistrum and R. sativus L. var. raphanistroides (Makino) germplasm, respectively. Germplasm of R. raphanistrum exhibited the highest (average, $79.5{\mu}mol/g\;dw$) total GSL with a ranged from 62.7 to $92.9{\mu}mol/g\;dw$. The germplasm IT119288, Joseonmu and IT119262 from R. sativus L., RA 504 and K046542 from R. raphanistrum, and Gyeongju-2003-32 (G2003-32) and IT302373 from R. sativus L. var. raphanistroides (Makino) had high total GSL contents and these could be good candidates for developing the functional compounds-rich varieties in radish breeding program.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.383-390
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• 1996

This experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of nitrogen fertilizer forms, fertilizer and herbicide application rates on growth of radish. The nitrate content and nitrate reductase activity of radish were analyzed along with the growing stage. Nitrate nitrogen was more efficient than ammonium nitrogen for radish. With increasing the fertilizer application rate, accumulated of nitrate content was increased. The amount of nitrate nitrogen was highest at 25days after seeding in petioles, and $32{\sim}39days$ after seeding in root. Nitrate content was decreased as sampling date was delayed, whereas the content increased in the root at early growing stage and then decreased. The nitrate cotent increased in the order of petioles, roots, and leaf blades and nitrate reductase activity increased petioles, leaf blades, and roots. The higher nitrogen fertilizer and herbicide application increased nitrate nitrogen accumulation in radish as compaired with control treatment and nitrate reductase activity showed similar trend.

• Food Quality and Culture
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.34-39
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• 2009

This study assessed the efficacy of aqueous chlorine dioxide ($ClO_2$) and commercial chlorine sanitizer in terms of its ability to eliminate Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 on radish sprouts (Raphanus sativus L.). Radish sprouts were inoculated with a cocktail containing one each of three strains of three different foodborne pathogens, then treated with distilled water (control) or chemical sanitizers (100 ppm commercial chlorine, and 50, 100, 200 ppm $C1O_2$) for 1, 5, and 10 min at room temperature ($22{\pm}2^{\circ}C$). Populations of S. Typhimurium, E. coli O157:H7 and L. monocytogenes were counted at 4.64, 6.05, and 4.29 log CFU/g, respectively, after inoculation. Treatment with water did not significantly reduce the levels of any of the three foodborne pathogens. The levels of all three pathogens were reduced by treatment with chemical sanitizers; however, the observed levels of reduction of E. coli O157:H7 and L. monocytogenes were not significant as compared with the controls. The levels of the three pathogens were reduced most profoundly when treated for 10 min with 200 ppm of $C1O_2$, and the reduction levels of S. Typhimurium, E. coli O157:H7, and L. monocytogenes were 1.17, 1.63, and 0.96 log CFU/g, respectively. When chemically injured cells were investigated using SPRAB for E. coli O157 :H7 and by selective overlay methods for S. Typhimurium and L. monocytogenes, respectively, it was noted that commercial chlorine sanitizer generated more numbers of injured pathogens than did $C1O_2$. These data indicate that $C1O_2$ treatment may prove useful in reducing the numbers of pathogenic bacteria in radish sprouts.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.113-119
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• 1990

The germination and growth of radish and chiness cabbage in soils treated with Cr, Ni, Cd, Cu, and Zn at 20, 50, 100 and 200 ppm were determined. The germination of radish and chiness cabbage in soils was greatly affected by addition of Ni and Cr at 200 ppm, but almost not at all by treatment with Cd, Cu, and Zn even 200 ppm. The injury to the growth of crops was generally the highest with Cr, followed by Ni, Cd, Cu, and Zn, and more with chiness cabbage with radish. Serious crop injury appeared at 20 ppm of Cr, 50 ppm of Ni, Cd and Cu, and 200 ppm of Zn on radish, and at 20 ppm of Cr, Ni, Cd and Cu, and 200ppm of Zn of chiness cabbage. However, crop inhibition decreased greatly with addition of compost and lime.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.390-393
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• 1997

Hormetic effects of low dose radiation were analyzed in terms of growth stimulation in radish and three cultivars of chinese cabbage. Seeds irradiated with ${\gamma}$ radiation were planted in the green house and in the experimental field. Though it varied with cultivars of tested plants, hormetic effect of low dose ${\gamma}$ radiation on an early stage of growth were shown especially in germination rates and elongation of seedlings. The height of seedlings increased in 0.2 Gy irradiated group of Seolim cultivar and radish, in 1 Gy irradiated group of Konaenggi cultivar and in 4 Gy irradiated group of Ducksung cultivar, respectively, In case of plants grown in the experimental field, prominent were the height increase of radish and Seolim cultivar in 1 Gy irradiated group and the fresh weight increase of both radish and cabbage in 4 Gy irradiated group.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.66-71
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• 2003

This study was carried out to obtain basic data for selecting the applicable crops in reclaimed land and to provide guidelines for the rotation between paddy and upland cropping. Field experiment was conducted with six summer crops(garland chrysanthemum, young radish, small radish, kale, lettuce, red lettuce) at Dae-Ho reclaimed experiment plots in Dangjin province. Dry weights and plant heights of harvested crops were measured and soil chemical properties were analyzed. Plant height and dry weight decreased significantly with increasing soil saturation paste extract electrical conductivity(ECe) and sodium adsorption ratio(SAR). The threshold ECe of salt inhibition for six crops was less than $1dS\;m^{-1}$ for young radish and kale, greater than $4dS\;m^{-1}$ for garland chrysanthemum, and greater than $6dS\;m^{-1}$ for small radish, lettuce, and red lettuce. At higher ECe that inhibits crop growth, with every increase in $1dS\;m^{-1}$, dry weight index decreased by 3.35 for kale, 3.92 for small radish, 3.98 for young radish, 4.66 for lettuce, 7.57 for garland chrysanthemum, and 8.45% for red lettuce, respectively. The ECe causing 50% reduction of dry weight index was $18.9dS\;m^{-1}$ for small radish, $17.3dS\;m^{-1}$ for lettuce, $15.4dS\;m^{-1}$ for kale, $12.0dS\;m^{-1}$ for red lettuce, $11.3dS\;m^{-1}$ for young radish, and $11.0dS\;m^{-1}$ for garland chrysanthemum. Among the tested 6 summer crops through field experiment and in-situ survey, kale was proved to be a favorable vegetable crop at reclaimed tidal land.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 2006

In recent, Kimchi is produced in the scale of industry, Consumers show increased demand of safety and high quality and hygienic process control. So, sun drying, hot air drying and cold air drying methods were investigated to compare the demand Sun drying took 96 hrs, hot air drying took 4 hrs at $70^{\circ}$ and cold air drying took 102 hrs at $10^{\circ}C$ in removing water to $90\%$ from radish. Brownness of radish was expressed as absorbance. Absorbance were 0.20, 2.04 and 1.87 and also Vit-C contents were 0.14 mg/g, 0.12 mg/g and 0.096 mg/g in dried radish according to cold air drying, hot air drying and sun drying, respectively. From overall experimental results, cold air drying method was found as superior drying method to other drying methods.