• Plant Resources
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.206-210
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• 2004

In order to find out the optimum harvest (dipping) date combined with sowing date on yield and nutrient quality of forage rye which is suitable at the Southern part of Korea, Paldanghomil variety was grown Sep. 2001 to May 2002 at Sunchon National University, and yield and nutrient quality of plant were observed. As harvest date and sowing date were delayed, the plant length was longest, number of leaves per plant was increased in the time of May 20 clipping. Fresh yield was the heaviest in the time of May 20 clipping and Oct. l0 sowing, and the most dry matter yield was the heaviest in the time of May 20 clipping and Oct. 10 sowing. Content of crude protein was the highest and that of crude fiber such as NDF, ADF, hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin were the lowest in the late time of clipping and sowing. Further more IVDMD was high and dry matter yield and digestible dry matter yield were the highest in the time of May 20 dipping and Oct. 10 sowing. Judging from the results reported above, at optimum harvest (dipping) date combined with sowing date for yield and nutrient quality of forage rye seemed to be the time of May 20 clipping and Oct. 10 sowing.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2004

Due to recent scientific innovations in mulberry cultivation, leaf yield has been increased manifold. However, with successive leaf harvest, a quantum drop in leaf yield and quality has been noted. This inturn has affected the silkworm rearing and farmers suffered by the frequent crop failures. This is mainly due to nutrient deficiencies in mulberry leaf. Moreover, no complete information is available about hunger signs of nutritional disorders, analytical diagnosis and critical levels of nutrients required. The present paper, thus, may serve as an important nutrient guide for identification of hunger signs, leaf nutrients status under deficiency and critical levels of the elements namely N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn requirements for higher leaf yield and quality. The leaf nutrient status provided may help chemist for correcting the soil status. Besides, an integration of mulberry intercropping with legumes and applications of neem and castor oil cakes, VA-mycorrhizal inoculation, biofertilizer and vermicompost are suggested as integrated nutrient management for sustainable sericulture industry. Based on the information described in this paper, a model needs to be framed for maintaining continuous supply of nutrients to obtain desired quantity and quality of mulberry leaf for successful silkworm cocoon crop and increasing overall silk productivity.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.6-10
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• 1998

This study was conducted to obtain basic information on the development of new triticale cultivars with good quality and high productivity for soiling feed. Twelve cultivars introduced from Poland, Canada and two cultivars developed in Korea were planted in the experimental field at Ansong National University in 1995. Major growth traits and nutrient components for feed were measured and analyzed using principal component analysis and average linkage cluster analysis. 'Prego', 'Prag 46/3', and 'Clercal' were relatively high in forage yield. Most of forage nutrient contents except cellulose were higher in Prego, Clercal, and 'Cumulus' than other cultivars. Results of principal component analysis on 11 traits including forage yield and nutrient contents showed that 72.59% of total variation were explained by the first and second principal components. The Z$_1$ had high correlation with the contents of forage nutrient components and Z$_2$ with plant height, fresh, and dry weight. Fourteen cultivars were classified into 7 groups by multivariate analysis. Clercal and Prego in Group I could be useful source for the improvement of triticale as an important forage crop because they exhibited high productivity as well as high contents of nutrient components for feed.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.31-34
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• 2006

The experiment was conducted to determine the effects of cutting interval and cutting height on the yield and nutrient composition of hedge lucerne (Desmanthus virgatus) when grown on a sandy soil in the Northeast of Thailand. The cutting intervals compared were 30, 40 and 50 days between harvests and the cutting heights 30, 40 and 50 cm above ground level. The experiment was a $3{\times}3$ factorial layout in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications-giving a total of 36 plots each $3{\times}3m^2$. Harvested plant material was weighed, dried and the ground subsamples taken for analyses of crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), ash, ether extract (EE) and nitrogen-free extract (NFE). At the last harvest the hedge lucerne samples were separated to determine leaf to stem ratios and then analyzed for nutrient composition in the leaf and stem. Results showed that increasing the cutting interval (i.e. advancing age of maturity) increased dry matter and nutrient yields significantly. In terms of nutrient content, it also increased the crude fiber, ash, ether extract and nitrogen free extract percent in the plant. However, crude protein percent was markedly decreased as the cutting interval increased. Increasing cutting height had no effect on dry matter yield and yields of nutrients, but in terms of nutrient content, it increased crude protein and ash content, but decreased crude fiber content. The percent EE and NFE in the plant was unaffected by cutting height. From the results presented it is clear that cutting a stand of hedge lucerne every 40 to 50 days will achieve greater dry matter and nutrient yields than cutting more frequently, at 30 days. The cutting height at harvest, whether 30, 40 or 50 cm above ground level had no effect on dry matter or nutrient yields of hedge Lucerne. Hedge lucerne therefore offers the Thai poultry farmer a useful alternative protein supplement for poultry diets rather than relying on the more expensive soybean meal. As it can be readily and successfully grown on a range of soil types and climates throughout Thailand, hedge lucerne also offers the Thai farmer a valuable additional source of income.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.223-229
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• 2003

본 연구는 양액재배 오이의 생장과 수량에 나쁜 영향을 주지 않는 적정 양액 농도를 구명하기 위해서 양액의 이온 농도를 달리하였다. Yamazaki의 오이 처방을 기본으로 하여 1/4, 1/2, 3/4, 1, 3/2, 2 배농도를 상이하게 처리하여 생장 특성, 수량 및 질소 함량을 비교하고자 수행하였고 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 생육 시기별 초장과 엽수의 증가속도는 저 농도 구인 1/2배 농도에서 가장 빠른 증가속도를 보였다. 2. 양액의 이온농도 차이에 따른 오이의 생육 형질은 유의적인 생장의 차이가 인정되지 않았으며, 생육 시기별 초장, 경장과 엽면적은 1/2배 농도구에서 수치상으로 가장 높은 값을 보였다. 3. 양액의 이온농도 차이에 따른 오이의 과실수량은 유의적인 차이가 인정되지 않았으며 주수에서는 고농도구인 2배 농도가 86.00, 86.75로 가장 높은 값을 보였고, 과실수는 1/4배 농도와 표준 농도에서 가장 낮은 74.25, 85.25를 보였으나 수량에서는 저 농도인 1/2배 농도와 3/4배 농도가 가장 높은 22.60, 22.07kg을 보였다. 4. 질소함량은 유의적인 차이가 인정되지 않았으며, l/2배 농도에서 대체적으로 높은 함량을 보였다. 5. 양액의 이온농도 차이에 따라 정식후 36일 조사 시기의 모든 생육형질과 수량 특성에서 수치상으로 높은 값을 보인 1/2배 농도에서의 상관관계는 초장과 경장은 고도로 유의한 정의 상관관계를, 초장과 엽면적에서는 유의한 정의 상관관계를 나타냈고, 주수와 과실수는 고도로 유의한 정의 상관관계를, 과실수와 수량은 유의한 정 의 상관을 나타냈다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.78-83
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• 2001

Two rice cultivars of the japonica type, ozone-resistant Ilpumbyeo (IL) and ozone-susceptible Keu-mobyeo#l (KM) were exposed to ozone ($O_3$) at 0.15 ppm for 30 days. The available nutrient regimes were varied by doubling the supply of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) within a basic fertilizer status (N, P, K; 15, 12, 12 kg l0$a^{-1}$). There was little difference on plant height between ozone-treated and nontreated plants. The most significant ozone stress on tiller number was shown on the 30th day of ozone exposure. Slight recovery from ozone stress was noted on the 60th day. On the 30th day, tiller number was greatly decreased by 40.8% in IL and 64.6% in KM, whereas at a high nitrogen supply regime (2N), it was decreased by 21.4% in IL and 42.7% in KM as compared to the control not treated with ozone at basic fertilizer status. The inhibition of tiller production caused by ozone exposure was alleviated on the 60th day. In both cultivars, number of spikelets per plant and weight of 100 grains were affected little by the ozone treatment irrespective of nutrient regime. However, the number of panicles per plant and yield were reduced significantly. In both cultivars, yield of ozone-treated plants with 2N status was 12.4-16.1 % higher than that of the ozone-treated plants with basic nutrient status. A significant yield decrease of 47.8% and 33.4% was observed for IL and KM, respectively, in ozone-treated plants with higher potassium (2K) status.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.165-172
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• 1973

전분석(全分析) 의(依)한 포장재배(圃場裁倍) 수도(水稻)의 영양진단(營養診斷) 적기(適期)와 생육시기별(生育時期別) 양분농도(養分濃度)와 생산량과의 관계는 다음과 같다. 1. 결비구(缺肥區)에서 최저농도(最低濃度) 발현빈도(發現頻度)는 질소(窒素)에서 이앙후(移秧後)20일(日)(20>최분기(最分期)(MT)>수확기고(收穫期藁)(HS)>유수형성기(幼穗形成期)(EF)>출수기고(出穗期藁)(FS)>수확기곡실(收穫期穀實)(HG)>출수기수(出穗期穗)(FE)의 순(順)이고 인산(燐酸)에서 MT>EF>HS>20=FS>FE>HG의 순(順)이며 가리(加里)에서 MT>EF>20>FS>HS>HG>FE의 순(順)이었다. 2. 결비구(缺肥區)에서 그 양분(養分)의 최저농도(最低濃度) 발현빈도(發現頻度)가 가장 높은 시기(時期)가 근권영양진단(根圈營養診斷)의 최적시기(最適時期)일것이며 그 시기(時期)는 N에서 이앙후(移秧後) 20일(日) P와 K에서 최고분(最高分)얼기(期)로 나타났다. 3. 최고농도(最高濃度)와 최저농도(最低濃度)의 상대차이(相對差異)($100{\times}(L-H)/H$)가 가장 큰것은 N와 P는 수확기(收穫期) 고(藁)에서이고 K와 Si는 수확기곡실(收穫期穀實)에서 이며 이들 양분(養分)의 수(穗)로의 전이율(轉移率)과 관련(關聯)되는것 같다. 4. N는 모든 시기(時期)에 P는 최분기(最分期)와 유수기(幼穗期) 이외(以外)의 모든 시기(時期)에 K는 이앙후(移秧後) 20일(日)과 수확기(收穫期)에 최고농도구(最高濃度區)의 수량(收量)이 최저농도구(最低濃度區)의 수량(收量)보다 크나 Si는 언제나 적어서 양분농도(養分濃度)와 수량(收量)과의 밀접도(密接度)는 N>P>K>Si의 순(順)으로 볼 수 있다. 5. 최저농도구(最低濃度區)의 수량(收量)과 최고농도구(最高濃度區)의 수량상대차이(收量相對差異)($100{\times}(L-H)/H$)가 가장 큰 시기(時期)는 N. P. K 모두 이앙후(移秧後) 20일(日)로 수량(收量)과 양분농도간(養分濃度間)에 가장 밀접(密接)한 시기(時期)로 나타났다. 6. 최고수량(最高收量)과 최저수량구(最低收量區)의 N. P. K. 농도(濃度) 차이(差異)(H-L)는 이앙후(移秧後) 20일(日)에서 가장 크다. 최고건물(最高乾物) 생산구의 N. P. K. 농도(濃度)가 최고수량구(最高收量區)의 그것보다 낮은것도 이때이다. 이러한 사실은 농도(濃度)와 수량간(收量間)에 가장 밀접(密接)한 시기(時期)임을 뒤받침한다. 7. 최고농도구(最高濃度區)의 수량중(收量中)에서 최고수량(最高收量)을 보인 것은 N. P. K 모두 이앙후(移秧後) 20일(日)이며 최저농도구(最低濃度區)의 수량중(收量中)에서 최저수량(最低收量)은 질소(窒素)에서만 이시기에 온다. 8. 이하(以上)의 사실에서 근균영양진단(根圈營養診斷)의 최적시기(最適時期)는 수량(收量)과 관련(關聯)된 영양진단(營養診斷)의 시기(時期)와 다른 것을 알 수 있다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.120-126
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• 2014

An accurate analysis of nutrient balance in different cropping systems is necessary for improving soil fertilities, causing higher crop yields and quality. This study was carried out to investigate the nutrient balance, changes in soil properties, and their effects on crop yield in long-term field cultivation under mono- and rotation-cropping systems (MCS and RCS, respectively). The analytical results of the soil properties showed that the application of mineral fertilizers alone in the MCS leads the reduction of soil CEC, exchangeable Ca, and microbial biomass C and N. Compared with the MCS of soybean, the RCS of soybean and barley significantly improved the soil properties, which increased crop yield. It might be due to the barley residue added to the RCS soil. Mean nutrient balances for 4 years were -55.9 kg N, +34.7 kg $P_2O_5$, and -0.3 kg $K_2O$ $ha^{-1}$ for the MCS and +19.7 kg N, +107.4 kg $P_2O_5$, and -48.6 kg $K_2O$ $ha^{-1}$ for the RCS, respectively. These nutrient imbalances mean that conventional fertilizer recommendations were inadequate for maintaining soil nutrient balance. From these results, we can conclude that the crop rotation may change comprehensive physical, chemical, and biological soil properties. These changes could affect the nutrient balance and then the crop yield.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.137-145
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• 1973

수량(收量) 등급별(等級別) 영양기준설정(榮養基準設定)을 위하여 전국적(全國的)으로 실시된 수도삼요소시험중(水稻三要素試驗中) 3 개년간(個年間)$(1967{\sim}1969)$의 고(藁) 또는 수분석결과(穗分析結果)에 의(依)하여 수량등급별(收量等級別)로 생육시기별(生育時期別) N,P,K 및 Si의 함량(含量)을 조사(調査)하였다. 수량증가(收量增加)에 따라 양분농도(養分濃度)가 증가(增加)하는 경향은 N>P>K>Si의 순(順)으로 감소(減少)하였다. 그 경향(傾向)은 양분(養分)에 따라서 해에 따라 생육시기별(生育時期別) 보다는 정조수량등급(正租收量等級)에 양분(養分)의 농도변화(濃度變化)가 더 밀접(密接)한 관계(關係)를 보였다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.264-269
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• 2006

본 실험은 배양액의 농도가 무화과의 생육과 수량에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 수행하였다. 1차 실험에서 배양액의 농도에 따른 무화과 생육은 1/2농도 처리구에서 초장, 엽수, 경경, 착과수가 양호했으며, 엽장과 엽폭은 1/2농도구를 제외한 다른 처리간에는 차이가 없었다. 배양액의 농도에 따른 과식의 평균과중은 토양재배의 38.4g보다 수경재배에서 50.9g으로 높게 나타났고, 과장, 과경, 당도는 처리간의 차이가 없었다. 수확량은 토양재배보다 수경재배에서 월등하게 많았으며, 배양액 1/2농도보다 2/2와 3/2농도에서 높게 나타났다. 무화과의 수경재배에서 저농도에서 양호한 생육을 나타내었으며, 수량은 높은 농도에서 양호하였다. 본 실험의 결과는 무화과의 수량 및 품질증대에 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것이다.