• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.337-340
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• 2008

When high surge voltage invaded into the ground rod contacted with ground water, the ionization phenomena are happened in the water. Although some researchers have surveyed the ionization phenomena in soil, they have just analyzed the variation of the ground resistance. The most important role of the ground rod is to elect human beings from potential rise and to dissipate energy to the earth safely. In this wort we presented the method evaluating the potential reduction and energy dispersion. Also we analyzed theses factors as a function of charging voltages at the water resistivity of $50\;{\Omega}{\cdot}m$ using the Matlab Program. As a result the ground rod potential was reduced to 38 kV by ionization just below breakdown voltage. The energy more than half of the total injected energy was dispersed through the grounding electrode caused due to ionization.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.31 no.2 s.257
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• pp.197-204
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• 2007

Fretting is a contact damage process that occurs between two contact surfaces. Fretting fatigue reduces fatigue strength of the material due to low amplitude oscillatory sliding and changes in the contact surfaces of strongly connected machine and structure such as bolt, key, pin, fixed rivet and connected shaft, which have relative slip of repeatedly extreme low frequency amplitude. In this research, the fretting fatigue behavior of 2024-T3511 and 7050-T7451 aluminum alloys used mainly in aircraft and automobile industry were experimentally estimated. Based on this experimental wort the following results were obtained: (1) A significant decrease of fatigue lift was observed in the fretting fatigue compared to the plain fatigue. The fatigue limit of 2024-T3511 aluminum alloy decreased about 59% while 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy decreased about 75%. (2) In 7050-T7451 specimen using ATSI4030 contact pad, crack was initiated more early stage than using 2024-T3511 contact pad. (3) In all specimens, oblique cracks were initiated at contact edge. (4) Tire tracks and rubbed scars were observed in the oblique crack region of fracture surface.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.150-156
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• 2005

Analysis of chromosome aberration (CA) and cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay in peripheral lymphocytes of nurses exposed to low levels of anticancer drug and Ethylene Oxide(EO) gas in a hospital were performed. The frequency of CA was increased in the exposed compared to the controls whereas no increase of the frequency of MN was found. The frequencies of chromatid type CA were 1.2, 3.91 and 9.67 per 500 cells in the controls, workers exposed to anticancer drug and workers exposed to EO, respectively. Lower frequency of CA in nurses handling anticancer drugs with safety covers compared to those without safety covers was observed, but it was not statistically significant. The frequency of CA in nurses handling anticancer drugs increased by the frequency of mixing anticancer drugs. Poisson regression analysis showed a significant association of the frequency of chromatid type CA with age, duration of wort exposure to anticancer drug and EO gas exposure, but no association of the frequency of chromosome type CA with any variables. The results suggested that there were associations between CA and the occupational exposure to low levels of anticancer drug and EO gas.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.19-24
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• 1993

With the use of Supercomputer and engineering workstations, high quality computer graphic representation of the modeling of marine process is feasible. In this wort major tsunami events occurred during recent years were simulated by numerical models and the computed water levels were viewed as three-dimensional surfaces in an animated sequence. Photorealistic images are constructed by advanced rendering technique with light reflection and shadows. It has demonstrated that video animation of numerical results reproduced the behaviour of propagation of real tsunami events remarkably well.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.3_4
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• pp.539-547
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• 2002

Heungdukwang's(興德王) costume ordinance(834A.D.) is a very important written historical record because it reveals Tongil Shilla's(統-新羅) costume. And among the clothing pieces that appeared in Heungdukwang's(興德王) costume ordinance, from Pyosang(表裳), Naesang(內裳), we know they wore one skirt over another. But skirts appearing in visual records are wort in waist line or breast line, and when they wore skirts in breast line, there were shoulder belts or not. Also among the clothing pieces that appeared in Heungdukwang'a (興德王) costume ordinance, Yo( ) and Ban( ) seems to be connected with skirt. but it is not clear. So this study focuses on the history of wearing skirt in breast line and one skirt over another, shoulder belts of skirt, and relation among yo( ), Ban( ) and skirt. The results are as follows. First, wearing skirt in breast line is already appeared in Ancient Shilla's(新羅) clay figure, and wearing one skirt over another is also appeared in Sunhung tomb's mural painting. so it is not completely under the influence of Tang(唐). Second, the shoulder belts of skirt is for convenience of action, But, at that time, there is no shoulder belts of skirt in Tang(唐). Third, between Yo( ) and Ban( ), If Yo( ) is connected with skirt, it is a shoulder belts of skirt or waist of skirt. And Ban( ) is a ire of skirt.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.158-164
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• 2017

Methylglyoxal (MGO) is a highly reactive metabolite of glucose which is known to cause damage and induce apoptosis in endothelial cells. Endothelial cell damage is implicated in the progression of diabetes-associated complications and atherosclerosis. Hypericin, a naphthodianthrone isolated from Hypericum perforatum L. (St. John's Wort), is a potent and selective inhibitor of protein kinase C and is reported to reduce neuropathic pain. In this work, we investigated the protective effect of hypericin on MGO-induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Hypericin showed significant anti-apoptotic activity in MGO-treated HUVECs. Pretreatment with hypericin significantly inhibited MGO-induced changes in cell morphology, cell death, and production of intracellular reactive oxygen species. Hypericin prevented MGO-induced apoptosis in HUVECs by increasing Bcl-2 expression and decreasing Bax expression. MGO was found to activate mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Pretreatment with hypericin strongly inhibited the activation of MAPKs, including P38, JNK, and ERK1/2. Interestingly, hypericin also inhibited the formation of AGEs. These findings suggest that hypericin may be an effective regulator of MGO-induced apoptosis. In conclusion, hypericin downregulated the formation of AGEs and ameliorated MGO-induced dysfunction in human endothelial cells.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.167-178
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• 2008

Purpose: Many breastfeeding women have used complementary and alternative medicine, but the guideline for lactation does not exist on complementary medicine. This study is to investigate efficacy and safety of complementary and alternative medicine in breastfeeding. Methods: We searched for papers which had breastfeeding, complementary medicine, acupuncture and herb in the pubmed, scopus site and Korean journals. Results: 38 papers were found. Acupuncture could have the efficacy on hypogalatia and mastitis. Compound herb therapy had effect on hypogalactia, but none of herbs were investigated for safety all except for St John's wort. So more clinical trials about herbs would be needed. Massage and the other complementary therapies would be helpful for breastfeeding mother. Conclusion: Acupuncture could be a good treatment for hypogalactia and inflammation of the breast. For making guidelines on complementary and alternative medicine during lactation, more research will be needed.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.877-886
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• 2019

Brewing with buckwheat as an ingredient has been proven to be successful in several previous studies. However, few studies have focused on the effects of buckwheat on the rutin content and antioxidant activity of beer. In order to develop a lager beer with high rutin content and desirable sensory characteristics, tartary buckwheat malt was used as a brewing adjunct. The results showed that the rutin-degrading enzyme was the key factor affecting the rutin content in the wort and beer. Compared to beer made using the common mashing method, the rutin content in the buckwheat beers produced using an improved mashing method was approximately 60 times higher. The total flavonoid contents in buckwheat beers also depended strongly on the mashing methods, ranging from 530.75 to 1,704.68 mg QE/l. The rutin-rich beers also showed better oxidative stability during forced-aging. Meanwhile, the buckwheat beers were found to be acceptable in terms of the main quality attributes, flavor, and taste.

• Koreanishche Zeitschrift fur Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft
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• v.9
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• pp.153-168
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• 2004

Unsere moderne Gesellschaft ist kaum noch ohne Computernutzung vorstellbar. Dank der enormen Fortschritte von Naturwissenschaft und Technik, insbesondere der Mikroelektronik, finden Computer verschiedener Typen und $Gr\"{o}{\ss}en$ in allen Bereichen der Technik, Wissenschaft, Verwaltung, Wirtschaft und des $t\"{a}glichen$ Lebens Verwendung. Und auch in der Sprache findet diese wissenschaftlich-technische Revolution ihren Niederschlag. Zur Befriedigung des Benennungsbedarfs in den Fachsprachen steht neben Wortbildung und Entlehnung die $Terminologisierungsm\"{o}glichkeit$ zur $Verf\"{u}gung$. Bei der Terminologiebildung greifen viele Fachsprachen auf den Wortschatz der Gemeinsprache $zur\"{u}ck$ und entnehmen ihr Ausdrucke. Im Allgemeinen kann jedes Wort der Gemeinsprache terminologisiert werden. Dabei entsteht keine neue Wortform, nur die semantische Seite des Lexems wird neu fixiert. Die zu terminologisierenden $Gemeinw\"{o}rter$ sind im Allgemeinen polysemantisch. Durch die selektive Terminologisierung werden die Termini semantisch und funktionell von den $urspr\"{u}nglichen$ $Gemeinw\"{o}rtern$ differenziert. Nach den $prim\"{a}ren$ semantischen Merkmalen werden die terminologisierten Computertechnik-Termini vor allem in folgende Gruppen unterschieden: a. Terminologisierung durch die geometrische Form als $prim\"{a}res$ Merkmal; b. Terminologisierung durch die Funktion als $prim\"{a}res$ Merkmal; c. Terminologisierung durch die Bewegungsart als $prim\"{a}res$ Merkmal; d. Terminologisierung durch die Lage als $prim\"{a}res$ Merkmal. Das mit neuer Begriffsbedeutung versehene Gemeinwort wird in das begriffliche und terminologische System der jeweiligen Fachsprache eingeordnet. $Fachausdr\"{u}cke$ im Bereich der Computertechnik zeigen ihre Beziehungen zu den anderen Fachgebieten, da der Begriff Computertechnik nicht nur den Gegenstand, Computer, betrifft, sondern auch noch die gesamte Technik, die der Datenverarbeitung heute zur Verfugung steht. Viele Termini, die aus anderen Fachgebieten stammen, werden auch als Computertechnik-Termini angesehen, solange sie von der Computertechnik verwendet werden.

• Koreanishche Zeitschrift fur Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft
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• v.9
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• pp.281-300
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• 2004

Ziel diesel Albeit ist os, Lexkion zu erstellen, das nicht nur der menschlichen $\"{U}bersetzung$, sondern auch der $nat\"{u}rlichsprachlichen$ Verarbeitung dienen soll. Um eine automatische maschinelle $\"{U}bersetzung$ $durchf\"{u}hren$ zu iassen, braucht man noch ein umfangreiches Wissen in Lunguistik und Informatik. Bei der Verarabeitung, aufgrund derer ein Wort oder eine Phrase aus der Ausgangssprache durch ein passendes $\"{A}quivalent$ der Zielsprache $\"{u}berstzt$ wird, sollte man auch auf die kuiturellen Hintergrunde $R\"{u}cksicht$ nehmen. $W\"{a}hrend$ des $\"{U}bersetzens$ versuchen $\"{U}bersetzer$ odor Dolmetscher, zweisprachige $W\"{o}rterbucher$ zu konsultieren, urn die angemessensten $\"{A}quivalente$ der Zielsprache zu finden. In vielen $F\"{a}llen$ aber macht man die Erfahrung, dass solche $Bem\"{u}hungen$ vergeblich sind In dieser Albeit wird $zun\"{a}chst$ das parallele Korpus (Koreanisch-Deutsch) untersucht, um das Desiderat der $herk\"{o}mmlichen$ $W\"{o}rterb\"{u}cher$ festzustelien. In den parallenen Koreanisch-Deutsch Korpora wird die $W\"{o}lter$ oder Phrasen der Ausgangssprache mit denen der Zielsprache verglichen und auf diesel Grundlage eine Liste von $M\"{a}ngeln$ erstellt. Die Ergebnisse diesel Untersuchung sollten nicht nur auf die menschliche $\"{U}bersetzung$, sondern auch auf die $nat\"{u}rlichsprachliche$ Verarbeitung angewendet werden, damit die Effizienz der $\"{U}bersetzung$ nock erheht wird. $Au{\ss}erdem$ soll die weitere Untersuchung mit den Korpora auch $f\"{u}r$ den Fremdsprachenunterricht $Anwendungsm\"{o}glichkeiten bieten.